Comm Health Exam PDF

Survey Research—Focus on Quantitative Data to asses this here ##When using surveys, you can use only probability sampling to collect data. True or False? -==False. You can use either Nonprobability sampling or probability sampling **What is the branching point for data collection mode in surveys?...

Survey Research—Focus on Quantitative Data to asses this here ##When using surveys, you can use only probability sampling to collect data. True or False? -==False. You can use either Nonprobability sampling or probability sampling **What is the branching point for data collection mode in surveys? ----Interviewer administered or self-administered What is our job as an investigator when trying to pick a data collection mode? ---To pick one that will be best fit for CHA What are the advantages of face-to-face interviewer adminst interview? ----Higher response than phone or email, more wiggle room to ask questions or clarity some, there is the advantage of using visual aids and better for participants with low literacy What are the disadvantages of face-to-face interviewer adminst interview? ----cost, more training for interviewers, not anonymous, not ideal for sensitive topics, potential for interview bias, diFiculty locating respondents. ### Would tou be honest if a stranger like when Danny asked Mindy how many sexual partners you have had this month? -----yes no. ****What are the advantages of telephone interviews ---lower cost, allows for larger samples, can collect data over large distance, quicker than face-face or mail, computer based assisted telephone interviews possible, better for sensitive topics ***What are the disadvantages of telephone interviews ---Limit to asking questions as respondent fatigue can take over, need well trained interviews, hard to develop rapport, diFiculty contacting potential participants, more expensive than self-admin questionaries, interview bias. Advantages of mailed self admin surveys. ---Lower cost than telephone or face-face interview, more privacy, less interview bias, good for populations with lower literacy, can be able to reach large samples of geographic variation Disadvantages of mailed surveys? ---Potential for low response rate, less survey clarification, potential missing or incomplete questions Disadvantage to online surveys? ---Not everyone may have the technology to do it, there is potential for fraudulent participants  Survey Deisgn ***What is the best prsctices that are commonly used in survey design? ***Why is survey design so important? --It helps for participants to easily be able to understand your goal and point and would be less likely cause errors ***When you’re using a back cover in your suvey design what should you avoid putting in the back? ---questions ***When you’re using a back cover in your suvey design what should you try including if mailing survey? --instructions for mailing back For non-booklet page design of surveys what is the recommended way in which it should be? ---it should be in portrait orientation, one sided, stapled in upper left corner For non-booklet page design of surveys what paper orientation is preferred? Landscape or Portrait? ---portrait ###You; re meant to guide a surveyor it should be a smooth ride so instructions on a set of questions etc is good to transition between the survey, ***When doing survey questions you should go from a topic more sensitive to less sensitive? True or False? --False. You want to go from less sensitive to more sensitive. (#Although not always possible) ***The first question of a survey should be able to establish trust by letting participants answer what race they or demographic they come from. True or False? ---False. Avoid asking demographics oF the bat or any personal or confidential questions. ***It is recommended that the first question in a survey should be general but it doesn’t have to apply to all participants. True or False? ---False. First question should apply to everyone so they can answer it. ##This wouldn’t be considered a personal question it is more general and anyone can answer it since they know they’re taking a survey anyways. ‘ ##Grouping examples to organize survey questions ***When constructing a survey would it be helpful to have font sizes change in every page or be in cursive? ---No. it would not. You need consistency and generally starting with 12 pt font. ***Language should be consistent in survey true or false? ---true. Question Layouts ***You should have more blank spaces within questions than between them. True or False? ---False. You should have more blank spaces between questions than within ***Define Double Barrell question ---question that will ask about more than one thing. ### Ex: “How satisfied are you with harry styles new album and how into his first album were you?” ##Good Ex: “How satisfied are you with Harry Styles new album?” ---cut out the second double part. ***Define Loaded Question ---When you’re sort of assuming something about someone when asking a question ## “Where did you listen to taylor swifts album?” ----Not everyone would listen to her. ##Good Ex: You would ask if they listen to taylor swift and then proceed in the next question depending on their answer if they listened to her new album or not. ***Which of the following is a better format of the question? A or B? ---B because the answers are consistent in its spread and don’t consist of other answers within the option like 5-6 days should not then also have “4-5 days” ***Define Navigational Path --How a survey branches such as path participants should take when answering questions ***“Branching”, “Skip Patterns” or “Filters” are all other names of…. ---Navigational path What is the best approach to shortening a survey? ---Removing less important questions Decreasing font size and blank space in survey can work to shorten it? True or False? ---False. It does not help as it can reduce readability if you decrease the font size and aFect response rates ***Why is it a good idea to pilot test your survey prior to data collection? ---To Guage potential problematic questions, navigate any issues with branching and estimate survey duration Windshield survey Steps to conduct windshield walking suevey Advantage of windshield survey? --Large amount of data collected Disadvantage of windshield surveys? --vehicles needed, can only be used on rods/paths Walking Survey Advantages?? ---detailed information can be collected, can be used for smaller areas Walking Survey Disadvantages? ---time consuming, tiring What are the steps in conducting Windshield/walking survey? 1. Decide who will conduct survey, (Single or team)’ 2. Decide on survey questions 3. Decide on geographic location 4. Decide when you’ll conduct it and how many times you may need to go back 5. Train people who are going to data collect (to be well acquinated with questions, pay attention to safety) 6. Collect data from designed survey When making a walking/windshield survey questionnaire what should you limit when posing the questions? ---subjectivity.Theymustbemoreimpersonalquestions Secondary data Quantitative Data Anlaysis In math y is considered the independent variable. True or False? ---False. DV is while X is the independent variable “Our survey indicated that heart disease as a major problem” This can be symbolized as X or Y? ===Y as the dependent variable because we want to know what this variable is influenced by. Basic Steps In quantitative Data Analaysis for CHA 1. Descriptive Analayssis 2. Univariable Analysis 3. Multivariable Analaysis ‘ Central tendency, range, and summary statistics are all what step of quantititve sata analysis? ---Descriptve Analaysis The purpose of this statistical test is to tell if two variables are associated with eachother. ---Univariable Analaysis Chi-Sqaure, T-test, Univariable Regression model/linear are all examoles of what type of quantitateive data analaysis?- ---Univsariable Analaysis The reports of univariable analaysiois only include IV/ DV true or false? ---True p-value, CI and Descriptive results for DV and IV separately are all part of descriptive analysis true or false? -False. This is all reports shown in Univariable analaysis What is the diference between univariable and multivariable analysis? ---Univariable only includes finding an association between X and Y while multivariable analaysiss checks for association between X and Y even in the process of other variables ABC What are Variables that make the IV and DV seeeem casually related even though they are not called? ---Confounding variables How do we control confounding variables to prevent false casuality? ---you perform a multivariable regression model that includes DV, IV and Potential confounders In this descriptive analysis of univariable analysis is only when you will report 95% CI or p-value. True or False? --False. You would report this in multivariable analaysis stoo  Mixed Methods When a study collects, analyses and integrates both quantitative and qualitative approaches ---Mixed Methods Research Model 1 Qualitative is given priority over Quantitative when research area is less known. True or False? --True. Quantitative is given priority over qualitative when commonin research areas more known. True or False? -True? In mixed methods research quantitative and qualitative are given equal priority. True or False? -True Reviewing Findings Why is it important to include the community in interpreting results from surveys? ---it allows for diFering perspective to be shared and a good way to maintain trust between researchers and community What are some of the challenges with collaborating with the community? ---disagrremenrs, them not being as wel versed on the topic, time consuming What are some good questions to ask during a review of data with community? p---What do you think the results mean? What is your interpretation of these findings Are there any unexpected results if yes whats surprising What are the implications of these findsing for your community Dissemating Findings Whats the problem with researchers focusing on disseminating results through peer- reviewed scientific journals? ----the community aren’t really the best audience for that, and the results get lost within the community. When disseminating findings its more crucial to reach scientific audiences over the community. True or False? ---False. You should try to reach both.