Class 8 English Assignment 1 2024-2025 PDF

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS VIII SUBJECT – ENGLISH TERM 1 ASSIGNMENT 1 TOPIC – PREPOSITIONS TENSES PHRASAL VERBS...

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS VIII SUBJECT – ENGLISH TERM 1 ASSIGNMENT 1 TOPIC – PREPOSITIONS TENSES PHRASAL VERBS FORMAL LETTER DIALOGUE WRITING GRAMMAR – EXTRA EXERCISES PREPOSITIONS Ex A. Chose the correct preposition from the bracket: 1. We were vigilant while walking ___________ the forest. (at/ through) 2. Boil the vegetables ______ two minutes. (till/ for) 3. The bridge _____ (above/ over) the river is a common way ______ the villagers. (in front of/ for) 4. He prevented me _________ talking to you. (of/ from) 5. Be loyal _________ the person. (to/ with) 6. Do not laugh __________ the little boy. (at/ with) 7. Please be kind _______ the people there. (to/ for) 8. It is better to reach school _____ bus. (by/ on) 9. Distribute the sweets __________ (between/ among) your friends. 10. I always walk ______ the river in the morning. (along/ beside) 11. The green leaves ________ our heads gave us immense protection. (over/ across) 12. She fell ________ the chair and hurt herself. (off/ of) 13. It is difficult to control your speed while you walk ______ the hill. (towards/ down) 14. Amidst the traffic, the child ran ______ the road. (across/ through) 15. He was looking for some money ______ (in/ into) his pocket. So, he put his hand ___________ (into/ in) it. TENSES Ex. A. Fill in the blanks with the correct tense form of the verbs given in the brackets: 1. We ____ (go) to Assam by Duronto Express last month. 2. Amritsar Express ____ (be) a fully air-conditioned train. (is). It _____ (provide) food, water and blankets at night. 3. The journey _____ (be) cool as it ____ (impart) solace to the soul and mind. 4. He ____ (be) in the church of Patna for past twenty years. (has been) 5. I hope that you _____ (pardon) me soon. 6. He taught me that good deeds ______ (be) are never lost. 7. Last week I ____(visit) the Trade Fair. It ____ (inaugurate) by the President of India. I ____ (accompany) by my friend who ____ (come) from the U.S.A. last week. He _____ (live) in the U.S.A. since last five years. He______ (do) his M.B.A. from the New York University. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-01/TERM-I-2024-25 PAGE 1 of 2) 8. When I ___ (be) sixty years old, I ____ (be) open a club. All the members ___ (be) a share in it. It ____ (be) comprise forty members who should be fifty plus in age. Health Centre, swimming pool and a dancing floor _____ (be) the features of that club. Membership fees _____ (be) 5 lacs. 9. It was very humid yesterday, but _____ (rain) now. 10. She ____(copy) a letter. She usually ____ (do) it very quickly but today she ____ (take) a long time. PHRASAL VERBS Find out the meanings of the phrasal verbs and put them in sentences of your own:- 1. Bring around – 2. Call in - 3. Fall back on – 4. Give in 5. Go through – WRITING SKILL FORMAL LETTER Q1. You live in a hostel room which you share with another student. However, there are many other problems that have made your life difficult in the room. Write a letter to the hostel warden in 150 words mentioning those and request him/ her to change your room with an immediate effect. DIALOGUE WRITING Q1. You have recently watched an advertisement on the television which was visually attractive and precisely descriptive as well. You loved the idea and the concept delivered. On a Sunday afternoon, you shared a conversation with your sister on advertisements when you shared this information and had an enriching talk with her. Write a dialogue in between you both in 80 words. Please Note – Students must practice the extra exercises from Grammar (given in the assignment) at home and put down the creative writing (Formal letter and Dialogue writing) in their new writing-skill note-book. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-01/TERM-I-2024-25 PAGE 1 of 2)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT - 01 (TERM I-2023-24) SUBJECT- HINDI (2L) TOPIC- रचनात्मक लेखन ________________________________________________________________________ ऄनुच्छेद लेखन 1. विद्यार्थी जीिन और खेलकू द विद्यार्थी जीिन एक महत्िपूर्ण ऄध्याय होता है, वजसमें छात्र न के िल विक्षा प्राप्त करते हैं, बवकक ईन्हें अर्थर्थक, सामावजक और मानवसक दृविकोर् से तैयार ककया जाता है। खेल एक ऐसा महत्िपूर्ण घटक होता है जो विद्यार्थी जीिन को संरवचत और सकारात्मक बनाने में मदद करता है। विद्यार्थी जीिन में ऄध्ययन के सार्थ-सार्थ िारीररक स्िास््य की देखभाल भी अिश्यक होती है। खेल खेलने से िरीर की कसरत होती है और ईनकी िारीररक वस्र्थवत सुधरती है। खेल में भाग लेने से हृदय, फे फडे और मांसपेवियों को ऄवधक ऑक्सीजन वमलता है, वजससे सेहत मजबूत रहती है और िारीररक बीमाररयों से बचाि होता है। विद्यार्थी जीिन में ऄके लापन, तनाि और मानवसक चचताएँ अम होती हैं। खेल में भाग लेने से छात्र का मानवसक स्िास््य सुधारता है। खेल में लगने िाले प्रवतयोवगतात्मक अदिण छात्र को संघर्ण करने की क्षमता प्रदान करते हैं और ईन्हें हार-जीत का सही साम्यण देते हैं। खेल का महत्ि विद्यार्थी जीिन में ऄपनी अदतों को समय-समय पर बदलने में भी होता है। यह छात्र को स्ियं के प्रवत अत्मविश्वास और स्िागत की भािना देता है। छात्र को विवभन्न कौिलों का विकास करने का ऄिसर वमलता है, जो ईनकी समृवि की कदिा में महत्िपूर्ण होते हैं। खेल छात्र को समाज में सहभावगता की महत्िपूर्ण कदिा में भी सहायक होता है। समृवि के सार्थ-सार्थ खेल की सदस्यता छात्र की सामावजक और सांस्कृ वतक पररप्रेक्ष्य को भी विकवसत करती है। आस प्रकार, विद्यार्थी जीिन में खेल का महत्ि ऄत्यवधक होता है। खेलने से न के िल िारीररक स्िास््य सुधारता है, बवकक मानवसक और सामावजक स्िास््य को भी प्रोत्सावहत ककया जाता है। विद्यार्थी छात्रों को वनयवमत रूप से खेलने की अदत डालनी चावहए, ताकक िे सकारात्मक और संतुवलत जीिन जी सकें । ऄभ्यास के वलए प्रन 2. विद्यार्थी और ऄनुिासन 3. स्माटणफोन का छात्र जीिन पर बढ़ता प्रभाि 4. वडजीटल आंवडया CLASS-VIII/HINDI2L/ASSIGNMENT-01/TERM-I-2024-25 PAGE - 1 - of 3  औपचाररक पत्र 1. ऄपने विद्यालय के प्रधानाचायण को प्रार्थणना पत्र वलवखए वजसमें विद्यालय के पुस्तकालय के वलए चहदी पत्र-पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाने का ऄनुरोध ककया गया हो। परीक्षा भिन, ऄ०ब०स०विद्यालय, दुगाणपुर कदनांक – 20.03.24 सेिा में. प्रधानाचायण जी, ऄ. ब. स. विद्यालय दुगाणपुर विर्य – विद्यालय के पुस्तकालय में चहदी पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाने हेतु महोदय, विनम्र वनिेदन है कक मैं आस विद्यालय की अठिीं कक्षा का छात्र हँ। हमारे विद्यालय का पुस्तकालय ऄत्यंत समृि है। यहाँ विवभन्न विर्यों की हजारों पुस्तकें ईपलब्ध है। यहाँ वनयवमत रूप से ऄनेक समाचार पत्र और पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाइ जाती हैं परन्तु आनमें चहदी भार्ा के समाचार पत्र और पवत्रकाओं की संख्या नगण्य है। कभी-कभी एक-दो चहदी पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाकर खानापूर्थत कर दी जाती है। यहाँ की पुरानी पवत्रकाएँ पढ़कर हमारा जी उब गया है। चहदी भार्ा के छात्र पुस्तकालय में नइ – नइ पत्र – पवत्रकाएँ पढ़ने के वलए आच्छु क है । ऄत: हम चाहते हैं कक यहाँ भी नंदन, विज्ञान प्रगवत, लक्ष्य और ऄविष्कार जैसी चहदी मावसक पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाइ जाए । ऄतः मेरा अपसे ऄनुरोध है कक छात्रों की रूवच देखते हुए चहदी की ईक्त पवत्रकाएँ मँगिाने की कृ पा करें । सधन्यिाद अपका अज्ञाकारी विष्य क० ख० ग० ऄभ्यास कायण 2. ऄपने विद्यालय के प्रधानाचायण को प्रार्थणना पत्र वलवखए वजसमें विज्ञान एिं गवर्त की ऄवतररक्त कक्षाएँ अयोवजत करिाने का ऄनुरोध ककया गया हो। आसके वलए ईवचत कारर् का भी ईकलेख कीवजए। CLASS-VIII/HINDI2L/ASSIGNMENT-01/TERM-I-2024-25 PAGE - 2 - of 3  ऄनौपचाररक पत्र 1. ऄपनी बहन को पत्र वलखकर योगासन करने के वलए प्रेररत कीवजए। 2. वमत्र को परीक्षा में प्रर्थम स्र्थान प्राप्त करने पर बधाइ पत्र वलवखए । विज्ञापन लेखन 1. नटराज पेंवसल’ पर (30-40) िब्दों में एक अकर्णक विज्ञापन तैयार कीवजए । 2. अपके वपताजी ऄपनी पुरानी कार बेचना चाहते है । कार संबंधी पूरी जानकारी देते हुए (30-40) िब्दों में एक अकर्णक विज्ञापन तैयार कीवजए । ऄपरठत गद्यांि संस्कृ वत का सामान्य ऄर्थण है, मानि जीिन के दैवनक अचार-व्यिहार, रहन-सहन तर्था किया-कलाप अकद। िास्ति में संस्कृ वत का वनमाणर् एक लंबी परम्परा के बाद होता है। संस्कृ वत विचार ि अचरर् के िे वनयम और मूकय हैं वजन्हें कोइ ऄपने ऄतीत से प्राप्त करता है। आसवलए कहा जाता है कक आसे हम ऄतीत से ऄपनी विरासत के रूप में प्राप्त करते हैं। दूसरे िब्दों में कहें तो संस्कृ वत एक विविि जीिन-िैली का नाम है। यह एक सामावजक विरासत है जो परं परा से चली अ रही होती है। प्रायः सभ्यता और संस्कृ वत को एक ही मान वलया जाता है, परंतु आनमें भेद हैं। सभ्यता में मनुष्य के जीिन का भौवतक पक्ष प्रधान है ऄर्थाणत् सभ्यता का ऄनुमान भौवतक सुख-सुविधाओं से लगाया जा सकता है। आसके वलए विपरीत संस्कृ वत को अत्मा माना जा सकता है। आसवलए आन दोनों को ऄलग-ऄलग करके नहीं देखा जा सकता। िास्ति में दोनों एक-दूसरे के पूरक हैं। आनका विकास भी सार्थ-सार्थ होता है। ऄंतर के िल आतना है कक सभ्यता समय के बाद बदलती रहती है, ककतु संस्कृ वत िाश्वत रहती है। ईपयुणक्त गद्यांि को पढ़कर वनम्नवलवखत प्रनों के ईत्तर दीवजए: क) संस्कृ वत का क्या ऄर्थण है? ख) संस्कृ वत को विरासत का स्िरूप क्यों कहा जाता है? ग) सभ्यता और संस्कृ वत में क्या भेद है? घ) सभ्यता और संस्कृ वत का क्या ऄर्थण है? ड) गद्यांि को ईवचत िीर्णक दीवजए। ********************************************** CLASS-VIII/HINDI2L/ASSIGNMENT-01/TERM-I-2024-25 PAGE - 3 - of 3  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS - VIII ASSIGNMENT - 01 (TERM I-2024-25) SUBJECT- BENGALI (2ND LANG.) TOPIC - SWARA SANDHI, BAKYA PARIBARTAN (ARTHA GATO), ASHUDDHI SANSHODHAN ülp¢å * h¡¢sl L¡S :- p¢å¢h­µRc Ll :- L¥n¡pe, i¡o¡¿¹l, ¢hcÉ¡uae, j¡œ¡¢dLÉ, ­m¡L¡Q¡l, Bn¡e¾c, ¢ra£n, fªbÆ£n, fËa£r¡, ¢Nl£¾cÊ, L¡n£nÄl, Ae§¢ca, ae§dÆÑ, hd§cu, ¢S­a¢¾cÊu, fl­jnÄl, e£­m¡vfm, f­l¡fL¡l, AdjZÑ, fnÄ¡Q¡l, AeÄu, N¡uL, Que, fhe, f¢hœ, eue kcÉ¢f, A¢ZÄa, AaÉ¡Q¡l, fË¡¢ç, ihe, fnÄ¡¢c, AaÉ¥vL«ø, fËa¨Éo, fË­aÉL, A­fr¡, ­pÀq¡aÑ pa£n, ­üµR¡, lb£¾cÊ, r¥d¡aÑ, ¢fœ¡­cn, Ai£ø, e¡¢hL, i¡h¤L, N­hoZ¡, eue, e¡uL, fËaÉ¡n¡, Aa¥ÉµQ, fËa¥Éšl, n£a¡aÑ, kcÉ¢f, AdÉue, e­ln p¢åk¤š² Ll :- ¢qj + Ga, ec£ +Að¥, ¢fa« + B­cn, fö + Adj, ­e± + CL, ­i¡ + Ae, k¢c + A¢f, pç + G¢o, L«o·¡ + HL¡cn£, je + A¿¹l, laÀ + BLl, HL + Fe, n¡lc + Evph, lje¡ + C¢¾cÊu, f¤×f + AOÑÉ kb¡ + E¢Qa, fc + Eæ¢a, i¡+ Ae, je¤ + A¿¹l, ¢h + Aa£a, p¤¤ + Eš², ¢fa« + Bmu, A¢a + E¢š², ec£ + Að¥, l¡S + InÄkÑ öi + Aöi, jq¡ + DnÄl, …l¦ + Ef­cn, p + Eõ¡p, A¢d + AuZ kb¡ + E¢Qa, ¢h + Bqa, ­f± + AL, kb¡ + Cø, fË¡Z + A¢dL, fË + B¢ç, Af + Dr¡ ¢h­hL + Be¾c A¢a + A¿¹ ­n + Ae fö + BQ¡l ¢h + AbÑ ¢h + Ahd¡e p¤¤ + BNa Ae¤ + Ca °N + CL¡ ­f± + AL fË¢a + E¢š² A¢a + A¢dL ¢qa + Ho£ p¢WL Ešl¢V hR e¡Jz 1z öi + Aöi = öi¡h / öi¡öi / öiöi 2z jq¡ + DnÄl = j­qnÄl / jq¡nÄl / j°qnÄl 3z …l¦ + Efcn = …l¡f­cn / …l©f­cn / …lf¡­cn 4z p + Eõ¡p = ­p¡õ¡p / p¤¤õ¡p / üõ¡p 5z A¢d + AuZ = Ad¡ue / Ad£e / AdÉue 6z Nh¡¢c = ­N¡ + B¢c / N¡ + h¡¢c / Nh + B¢c (CLASS-VIII/ BENGALI (2nd LANGUAGE)/ ASSIGNMENT -01/TERM -I-2024-25 PAGE 1 of 2)  h¡LÉ f¢lhaÑe (AbÑ Ae¤p¡­l) ¢e­cÑn Ae¤p¡­l h¡LÉ f¢lhaÑe Ll :- 1z ¢jbÉ¡h¡c£­L pL­mC OªZ¡ L­lz (e¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 2z L¡f¤l¦­ol¡ jªaÉ¥­L iu L­lz (e¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 3z ¢nöl¡ c§¢oa f¢l­hn Q¡u e¡z (qyÉ¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ 4z f­l¡fL¡­lC f§ZÉm¡i quz (e¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 5z Bj¡lJ ­k H­cl Efl p­q¡cl ­pÀq ­eC, a¡ euz (qÉ¡yh¡QL h¡­LÉ) 6z H S­eÉC pL­m ­a¡j¡­L ¢fËuwhc¡ h­mz (e¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 7z ¢fËuwhc¡ A­k±¢š²L Lb¡ h­m ¢ez (qyÉ¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 8z A¢i‘a¡ e¡ b¡L­m ­h¡T¡ k¡u e¡z (qyÉ¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 9z a¡q¡l¡ cu¡m¤z (e¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 10z H f­cl SeÉ ¢a¢e A­k¡NÉ eez (qyÉ¡h¡QL h¡­LÉ) 11z j¡R f¡Ju¡ k¡u ­a¡ ­am f¡Ju¡ k¡u e¡z (C¢ah¡QL) 12z ay¡l BcnÑ A¢hØjlZ£uz (­e¢ah¡QL) 13z °qj a¡l AbÑ h¤Tm e¡z (C¢ah¡QL) 14z plüa£ hl ­c­he e¡z (fËnÀ­h¡dL) 15z n£­a c¢lâ j¡e¤­ol M¤h Lø quz (¢hØjup§QL) 16z c¤SÑe­L c§­l ­l­M¡z (Ae¤‘¡p§QL) 17z öd¤ ­a¡j¡l Lb¡u Hje L¡S Ll¡ k¡u e¡z (fËnÀ­h¡dL) 18z ­c­nl ­ph¡ Llz (¢e­cÑnL) 19z ¢L ¢j¢ø ­pC hy¡¢nl p¤¤l ! (¢e­cÑnL) 20z ­S¡l k¡l j¤m¤L a¡lz (fËnÀ­h¡dL) Aö¢Ü pw­n¡de e£­Q ­cJu¡ AöÜ h¡e¡e …¢m öÜ L­l ­mM :- j¤j¤o¤Ñ jc¤p§de öeÉ L¥a¨qm L«¢oS£¢h f§eÑ f¤eÉ S¡q²¢h ­j¡dÉ¡q² l¡j¡ue ¢nlf£s¡ EµR¡p c¤l¡hÙÛ¡ f¤­l¡ú¡l f¢lú¡l AcÉ¢f Ae¤­µRc ¢mMe * HL¢V hoÑZj¤Ml ¢c­el B¢i‘a¡ (CLASS-VIII/ BENGALI (2nd LANGUAGE)/ ASSIGNMENT -01/TERM -I-2024-25 PAGE 2 of 2)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT–01(2024-25) SUBJECT-MATHEMATICS TOPIC – Linear Equation in One Variable Algebraic Expressions Any expression involving constant, variable and some operations like addition, multiplication etc is called Algebraic Expression.  A variable is an unknown number and generally, it is represented by a letter like x, y, n etc.  Any number without any variable is called Constant.  A number followed by a variable is called Coefficient of that variable.  A term is any number or variable separated by operators. Equation A statement which says that the two expressions are equal is called Equation. Linear Expression A linear expression is an expression whose highest power of the variable is one only. Example 2x + 5, 3y etc. The expressions like x 2 + 1, z 2 + 2z + 3 are not the linear expressions as their highest power of the variable is greater than 1. Linear Equations The equation of a straight line is the linear equation. It could be in one variable or two variables. Linear Equation in One Variable If there is only one variable in the equation then it is called a linear equation in one variable. The general form is ax + b = c, where a, b and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. Example x + 5 = 10 y – 3 = 19 (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 1 of 6) These are called linear equations in one variable because the highest degree of the variable is one and there is only one variable. Some Important points related to Linear Equations  There is an equality sign in the linear equation. The expression on the left of the equal sign is called the LHS (left-hand side) and the expression on the right of the equal sign is called the RHS (right-hand side).  In the linear equation, the LHS is equal to RHS but this happens for some values only and these values are the solution of these linear equations. Graph of the Linear Equation in One Variable We can mark the point of the linear equation in one variable on the number line. x = 2 can be marked on the number line as follows- Solving Equations which have Linear Expressions on one Side and Numbers on the other Side There are two methods to solve such type of problems- 1. Balancing Method In this method, we have to add or subtract with the same number on both the sides without disturbing the balance to find the solution. Example Find the solution for 3x – 10 = 14 Solution Step 1: We need to add 10 to both the sides so that the numbers and variables come on the different sides without disturbing the balance. 3x – 10 +10 =10+14 3x = 24 Step 2: Now to balance the equation, we need to divide by 3 into both the sides. 3x/3 = 24/3 x=8 Hence x = 8 is the solution of the equation. We can recheck our answer by substituting the value of x in the equation. 3x – 10 = 14 3(8) – 10 = 14 24-10 = 14 (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 2 of 6) 14 = 14 Here, LHS = RHS, so our solution is correct. 2. Transposing Method In this method, we need to transpose or transfer the constants or variables from one side to another until we get the solution. When we transpose the terms the sign will get changed. Example Find the solution for 2z +10 = 4. Solution Step 1: We transpose 10 from LHS to RHS so that all the constants come in the same side. 2z = 4 -10 (sign will get changed) 2z = -6 Step 2: Now divide both the sides by 2. 2z/2 = - 6/2 z=-3 Here z = -3 is the solution of the equation. Some Applications of Linear Equation We can use the concept of linear equations in our daily routine also. There are some situations where we need to use the variable to find the solution. Like,  What number should be added to 23 to get 75?  If the sum of two numbers is 100 and one of the no. is 63 then what will be the other number? Example What is the height of the rectangle whose perimeter is 96 cm 2 and the length is 12 cm? Solution Let the height of the rectangle be ‘s’. Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth 96 = S × 12 Now, this is a linear equation with variable s. We need to divide both sides by 12 to find the solution. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 3 of 6) 96/12 = 12s/12 s=8 Hence the height of the rectangle is 8 cm. Solving Equations having the Variable on both Sides As the equation can have the variable on both the sides also so we should know how to solve such problems. In this type of problems, we need to bring all the constants on one side and all the terms having variables on the other side. Then they can be solved easily. Example Find the solution of 2x−3 = 6 − x. Solution Step 1: Bring all the terms including variable x on LHS and the constants on the RHS. 2x + x = 6 + 3 (sign will change while changing the position of the terms) Step 2: Solve the equation 3x = 9 Step 3: Divide both the sides by 3 to get the solution. 3x/3 = 9/3 x=3 Hence the solution of the equation is x = 3. Some More Applications Example Renu’s age is four times that of her younger brother. Five years back her age was 9 times her brother’s age. Find their present ages. Solution Let the Renu’s brother age = x Renu’s age = 4x (as her age is 4 times that of her younger brother) Five years back her age was = 9(x – 5) which is equal to 4x – 5 9(x – 5) = 4x – 5 (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 4 of 6) 9x – 45 = 4x – 5 9x – 4x = – 5 + 45 (by transferring the variable and constants on different sides) 5x = 40 x = 40/5 = 8 Renu’s brother age = x = 8 years Renu’s age = 4x = 4(8) = 32 years. Reducing Equations to Simpler Form When linear equations are in fractions then we can reduce them to a simpler form by-  Taking the LCM of the denominator  Multiply the LCM on both the sides, so that the number will reduce without the denominator and we can solve them by the above methods. Example Solve the linear equation Solution As the equation is in complex form, we have to reduce it into a simpler form. Step 1: Take the L.C.M. of the denominators, 2, 3, 4, and 5, which is 60. Step 2: Multiply both the sides by 60, 30x −12 = 20x + 15 + 60 Step 3. Bring all the variables on the LHS and all the constants on the RHS 30x − 20x = 15 + 12 + 60 10x = 87 Step 4: Dividing both the sides by 10 x = 8.7 Equations Reducible to the Linear Form Sometimes there are some equations which are not linear equations but can be reduced to the linear form and then can be solved by the above methods. Example Solution (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 5 of 6) This is not a linear equation but can be reduced to linear form Step 1: Multiply both the sides by (2x + 3). Now, this is a linear equation. Step 2: Multiply both the sides by 8. 8(x + 1) = 3(2x + 3) 8x + 8 = 6x + 9 8x - 6x = 9 - 8 2x = 1 x = 1/2 Hence the solution for the equation is x = 1/2. WORKSHEET: 1. Convert the following statements into equations. (a) 5 added to a number is 9. (b) 3 subtracted from a number is equal to 12. (c) 5 times a number decreased by 2 is 4. (d) 2 times the sum of the number x and 7 is 13. 2. A number is 12 more than the other. Find the numbers if their sum is 48. 3. Twice the number decreased by 22 is 48. Find the number. 4. Seven times the number is 36 less than 10 times the number. Find the number. 5. 4/5 of a number is more than 3/4 of the number by 5. Find the number. 6. The length of a rectangle is 10 m more than its breadth. If the perimeter of rectangle is 80 m, find the dimensions of the rectangle. 7. A 300 m long wire is used to fence a rectangular plot whose length is twice its width. Find the length and breadth of the plot. 8. The denominator of a fraction is greater than the numerator by 8. If the numerator is increased by 17 and denominator is decreased by 1, the number obtained is 3/2, find the fraction. 9. Among the two supplementary angles, the measure of the larger angle is 36° more than the measure of smaller. Find their measures. 10. My mother is 12 years more than twice my age. After 8 years, my mother’s age will be 20 years less than three times my age. Find my age and my mother’s age. 11. In an isosceles triangle, the base angles are equal and the vertex angle is 80°. Find the measure of the base angles. 12. Adman’s father is 49 years old. He is 5 years older than four times Adman’s age. What is Adman’s age? 13. The cost of a pencil is 25 cents more than the cost of a eraser. If the cost of 8 pencils and 10 erasers is $12.80, find the cost of each. 14. Divide 36 into two parts in such a way that 1/5 of one part is equal to 1/7 of the other. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT-1/-2024-25 /Page 6 of 6)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT - 01 (2024-25) SUBJECT- PHYSICS TOPIC: FORCE & PRESSURE SUB-TOPIC: Introduction to the terms Force How do we measure Force Different types of Force Force: (i) Force is a push or a pull. (ii) Living and non- living things can apply force. (iii) To apply a force over an object interaction between object and source of force is necessary. (iv) Whenever force act two object are involved. One which applied force, the other which receive force. Examples: To kick ball we need to push it, to pick the book we need to pull it, to hit the ball we need to push it and to lift the box we need to push it. Direction and Magnitude of Force: (i) The measurement of strength and amount of force is called magnitude of force. (ii) Two or more forces on the same object can be applied in the same direction and opposite direction. 1. When two or more forces are applied over an object in the same direction: When two or more forces are applied in the same direction, then the total or net force is the addition of magnitude of both the forces. Example: When two persons push the box in the same direction with the magnitude of forces of each 2 N, then resultant force will be- 2. Net force:- 2N + 2N= 4N (In the direction of applied force). When two forces are applied over an object in the opposite direction: When two forces are applied over an object in the opposite directions, the total effective or net force is the difference of magnitude of two forces. Example: (i) When two persons push the box in the opposite direction with the magnitude of forces of each 2 N, then resultant force will be- Net force:- 2N - 2N= 0N (Box will not move) (ii) If one person is applying a force of 6 unit in one direction and another person is applying a force of 8 unit in opposite direction, Then the resultant force: 8N - 6N= 2N (In the direction of higher magnitude force) In this case, force will act in the direction of higher magnitude of force. Contact Force: The force which is applied when it is in the contact with the object. (CLASS-VIII /ASSIGNMENT -01/2024-25 PAGE- 1 of 3)  Examples: Friction, Upthrust or Buoyancy force, Drag force Applied force Normal force Muscular force Non-contact force: The force exerted on an object without touching it known as non contact force Gravitational force Electromagnetic force Strong Nuclear force Weak Nuclear force The effects of force on an object: 1. Force can make a body that is at rest to move. 2. It can stop a moving body or slow it down. 3. It can accelerate the speed of a moving body. 4. It can also change the direction of a moving body along with its shape and size. Very short Answer type questions: Q1 What is force? Ans. A force is just a push or pull on an object. Q2 What are the units of force? (CLASS-VIII /ASSIGNMENT -01/2024-25 PAGE- 2 of 3) Ans. S.I unit of Force – Newton, C.G.S unit of Force- dyne, Short Answer type questions: Q3 How does an applied force changes the speed of an object? Ans. If the applied force is in the direction of motion, the speed of the object increases. But if the force applied in the direction opposite to the motion, then it decreases the speed of the object. Q4 Explain, why magnetic force is said to be a non-contact force. Ans. A magnet can exert a force on another magnet without being in contact with it. The force exerted by a magnet is an example of a non-contact force.. Q5 What are the effects of force on shape of an object? Ans. Force can change the shape of an object. When force is applied on a ball of dough, there is a change in the shape of dough. Similarly, a potter changes a lump of clay into pots by applying force. When air is filled in a balloon; the shape of the balloon changes because of the applied force.. Home Assignment: 1. Write one example where force changes the direction of a moving object. 2. What are the effects of force on a moving object? 3. Write down the differences between contact and non contact forces? 4. How can a force effect the objects? 5. Give two examples of a situation in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object. 6. How to change the speed and the direction of a moving body? 7. How to feel force in daily life? 8. How can we decide whether an object is moving faster than the other? **************** (CLASS-VIII /ASSIGNMENT -01/2024-25 PAGE- 3 of 3)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR SESSION: 2024-25 ASSIGNMENT - 1 SUB: CHEMISTRY CLASS: VIII _________ TOPIC: COAL AND PETROLEUM SUB TOPICS :  Natural resources  Inexhaustible natural resources  Exhaustible natural resources  Fossil fuels  Coal CONTENT :  Coal and Petroleum  Anything in the environment which can be used is called a resource. All natural resources can be classified into two main groups i) Inexhaustible natural resources ii) Exhaustible natural resources  Inexhaustible natural resources: Those natural resources which are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely to be exhausted by human activities are called inexhaustible natural resources. Example – sunlight, air, water  Exhaustible natural resources Those resources which are present in a limited quantity in nature and can be exhausted by human activities are called exhaustible natural resources. Example – coal, petroleum, natural gas, minerals, forests  Coal , petroleum and natural gas are called non renewable sources of energy. This is because when all the coal , petroleum and natural gas present under the earth will get used up no more supply of these fuels will be available in the near future.  Fossils are the remains of the pre-historic plants or animals, buried under the earth millions of years ago.  The materials which are burnt to produce heat , light and energy are known as fuels.   The natural fuels formed from the remains of living organisms buried under the earth long, long ago are called fossil fuels.  Example – Coal, petroleum and natural gas  Coal  Coal is a hard, black combustible mineral that consists mainly of carbon.  Apart from carbon, coal contains some compounds of nitrogen and sulphur.  Coal is found in deep coal mines under the surface of the earth.  In India , coal is mainly found in Bihar, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh. Question Answer Session Q1. Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel? (a) Coal (b) Wind (c) Natural Gas (d) Petroleum Q2. What process forms fossil fuels? (a) Volcanic eruptions (b) Photosynthesis (c) Decomposition of organic matter (d) Nuclear fusion Q3. Which of the following is an example of an inexhaustible natural resource? (a) Coal (b) Natural Gas (c) Wind (d) Petroleum Q4. Which of the following is an example of an exhaustible natural resource? (a) Wind (b) Solar energy (c) Coal (d) Geothermal energy Q5. What is the main cause of the depletion of fossil fuels? (a) Rapid population growth (b) Excessive use and limited reserves (c) Inefficient extraction techniques (d) Environmental regulations Q6. What is inexhaustible natural resources? Q7. What are fossils? Q8. What are fuels? Q9. What does coal mainly contain? Q10. Name some compounds present in coal other than carbon. Q11. What is exhaustible natural resources? Q12. Define fossil fuel. Give examples. Q13. Why is coal and petroleum considered as fossil fuel? Q14. Why is sunlight considered as inexhaustible natural resource ? Q15. Why is coal considered as exhaustible natural resource? ****************  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT - 1 (TERM I-2024-25) SUBJECT- BIOLOGY TOPIC- CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SUB TOPICS- INTRODUCTION a) Growing crops b) Preparation of soil c) Sowing d) Transplantation _____________________________________________________________________________ Things to remember Introduction →We get our food from plants by Agricultural practices and animals too by the process of Animal husbandry (the branch of agriculture which deals with the rearing of animals- livestock). In order to provide food for a large population, regular production, proper management and distribution of food is necessary. Types of crops → Kharif Crops: The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called kharif crop. The rainy season in India is from June to September. For Example- Paddy, maize, soybean, groundnut, cotton etc. → Rabi Crops: The crops grown in the winter season are Rabi crops. Their time Period is generally from October to March. For Example- Wheat, gram, pea, mustard and linseed. (Paddy is not cultivated in summer season because it requires lot of water. Therefore, it is cultivated in rainy season) Cultivation of crops include various Agricultural practice A. Preparation of soil: The preparation of soil is the first step before growing a crop. One of the most important tasks in agricultural is to turn the soil and loosen it. This allows the roots to penetrate deep into the soil. The loose soil allows the roots to breathe easily even when they go deep into the soil. The loosened soil helps in the growth of earthworm and microbes present in the soil. → The process of loosening and turning of the soil is called tilling or ploughing. This is done by using a plough. Ploughs are made of wood or iron. The ploughed field may have big pieces of soil called crumbs. Field is levelled for Sowing. Agricultural Implements Plough: This is being used since ancient times for tilling the soil, adding fertilisers to the crop, removing the weeds, scraping of soil, etc. It contains a strong triangular iron strip called ploughshare. The main part of the plough is a long log of wood which is called a plough shaft. The indigenous wooden plough is increasingly being replaced by iron ploughs nowadays. (CL-VIII/ASSIGNMENT 1 /TERM- I-2024-25/Page 1 of 2) Hoe: It is a simple tool which is used for removing weeds and for loosening the soil. It has a long rod of wood or iron. A strong, broad and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. It is pulled by animals. Cultivator: Nowadays ploughing is done by tractor driven cultivator. The use of cultivator saves labour and time. B.Manuring: Manures are plant and animal wastes that are used as sources of plant nutrients. They release nutrients after their decomposition. The art of collecting and using wastes from animal, human and vegetable sources for improving crop productivity C. Sowing: Sowing is the most important part of crop production. Before sowing, good quality seeds are selected. Farmers prefer to use seeds which give a high yield. Traditional tool: The tool used traditionally for sowing seeds is shaped like a funnel. The seeds are filled into the funnel, passed down through two or three pipes having sharp ends. These ends pierce into the soil and place seeds there. Seed drill: the seed drill is used for sowing with the help of tractors. This tool sows the seeds uniformly at proper distances and depths. It ensures that seeds get covered by the soil after sowing. This prevents damage caused by birds. Sowing by using a seed drill saves time and labour. Transplantation is nothing but in agriculture, plants are replaced from place to another for their better growth. The process of transplantation promotes better penetration of roots in the soil.It enables us to select only healthy seedlings for the plants. COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS 1. Why Kharif crops cannot be grown in Rabi season? 2. Why should we grow seeds in moist soil? 3. Why is ploughing essential for the proper growth of crops? 4. Why levelling must be done before sowing the seeds? (CL-VIII/ASSIGNMENT 1 /TERM- I-2024-25/Page 2 of 2)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT - 01 (TERM I-2024-25) SUBJECT- HISTORY TOPIC- FROM TRADE TO A RULING POWER INTRODUCTION: One of the impacts of industrial revolution which started first in England was Mercantilism which led the European powers to set up colonies and to go to different continents to set up trading station. So, in this chapter we will study how they came over as a trading station and took up the political power in their hands to earn greater control. QUESTION AN ANSWER TO BE DONE IN THE NOTEBOOK: 1. Define Mercantilism. 2. ______________ was almost wholly carried out by sea route and was important in the practice of mercantilism. 3. Name the Portuguese navigator who discovered the sea route to India from Europe. 4. Why did the route found by Vasco Da Gama gain importance? 5. ________ were the first European traders to reach India. 6. Name two important colonial settlements of the Portuguese. 7. Mention four important trading centres of the Dutch. 8. Why were there only two powers by the end of the 18th Century? 9. Define the following terms: (i) Monopoly (ii) Ousted (iii) Farman. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT -01/TERM -I-2024-25 PAGE 1 OF1 2)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR CLASS- VIII ASSIGNMENT -01 (TERM I -2024-25) SUBJECT- GEOGRAPHY TOPIC-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN YOUR LOCALITY TO BE DONE IN THE CLASS WORK NOTE BOOK : TYPES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF WORK DONE BY THE PERSON AND MENTION THE SECTORS OF ECONOMY: ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………… (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT -01/TERM -I-2024-25 PAGE 1 of 2  ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………. Answer the following questions: Q1.Suggest some ways to increase secondary activities in your country. Q2.How cotton, jute, tea and coffee are raw materials for secondary sectors? Q3.Mention some tertiary activities that you come across in your daily life. (CLASS-VIII/ASSIGNMENT -01/TERM -I-2024-25PAGE 2 of 2)  DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL, DURGAPUR Computer Science Assignment-1 (2024-25) CLASS- VIII Ch 1- Creating Planes for 3D Models i. Introduction to SketchUp Make - SketchUp Make is a software application that lets you create 2D and 3D models of your school, house, furniture, building or anything else you might be interested in. ii. How to select the Template in SketchUp- 1. First click the choose Template button. A list of available options appears. 2. choose the Simple Template – Feet and Inches option. To draw the stage layout. 3. Click the Start using SketchUp button. The SketchUp window opens. iii. SketchUp Object and Toolbox– Any two- or three-dimensional figure available in SketchUp Make window is called an Object. SketchUp has many tools that can be used to create models, including: (CL-VIII/CS/Assignment-1/2024-25/Page 1 of 4) iv. Selecting and Hiding an Object: To select and hide the human object: 1. Click the Select tool on the toolbar. 2. Click the human object on the stage to select it. 3. Click the Edit menu and select the Hide option from the drop-down list. The human object is now hidden. v. Unhiding the object - When you want to unhide the object, choose first edit menu then Unhide last/all option. The human object is now once again appearing. vi. Plane in SketchUp- The flat surface is called a plane. vii. Creating a Plane: - We will use the rectangle and circle tools to create the base for the stage layout model. To create a plane using the Rectangle tool: 1. Select the Rectangle tool from the toolbar. 2. Place the cursor where you want to start drawing the plane. 3. Drag the mouse to create a rectangular plane. Next Create a Planes for the pillars at the four corners of the stage. To do this, we use the Circle tool. To create a plane using circle tool: 1. Select the circle tool from the toolbar. 2. Place the cursor where you want the center of the circle to be. 3. Keep the mouse pressed and drag to create a circular plane. The circular plane should be drawn at the corner of the rectangular plane. After that draw three more circles at the remaining corners of the stage. Finally Select and hide the portions of the circle that are outside the stage. (CL-VIII/CS/Assignment-1/2024-25/Page 2 of 4) Homework MCQ Q 1. Which one of the following file extensions is correct for the SketchUp Make file? a).skp b).ksp c).spk d).kps Q 2. A flat surface is called a. a) Floor b) Platform c) Base d) Plane Q 3. Which one of the following steps needs to be performed to hide an object? a) Select the object. Select View Hide b) Select the object. Select Draw Hide c) Select the object. Select File Hide d) Select the object. Select Edit Hide Q 4. Which one of the following steps needs to be performed to unhide all the object? a) Select Edit Unhide Last b) Select Edit Unhide All c) Select Edit Unhide d) Select Edit Unhide Selected Q 5. Which one of the following actions can you take for unwanted objects appearing by default and not required for your a) model? (CL-VIII/CS/Assignment-1/2024-25/Page 3 of 4) b) Show c) Hide d) Rotate Q 6. A flat surface is called a. a) Floor b) Platform c) Base d) Plane Q 7. Why is R shortcut key used in the SketchUp Make? a) To create a line. b) To create a rectangle. c) To create an arc. d) To create a circle. True/False 1. When you open the SketchUp Make window, a plane appears. 2. Any two or three-dimensional figure you draw in SketchUp Make is called an object. 3. If you want to create a stage layout, you must first give it a base. 4. In order to hide an object, we must first deselect it. 5. The save option is available on the File menu. Subjective Questions 1. Why do we use SketchUp Make? 2. What tools will you use to draw a plane to start building your models? 3. Why would you hide an Object? 4. How do you create planes? 5. How can we hide an object in SketchUp Make? 6. How can we unhide an object in SketchUp Make? ******************************* (CL-VIII/CS/Assignment-1/2024-25/Page 4 of 4)