Civics_ Ch.2 Study Guide.pdf

Civics Chapter 2/Declaration of Independence Study Guide 1. Where was the first direct democracy in the world? Athens 2. During ancient times, religions taught that every perso...

Civics Chapter 2/Declaration of Independence Study Guide 1. Where was the first direct democracy in the world? Athens 2. During ancient times, religions taught that every person had worth and should be equal before the law. Judeo-Christian 3. A government based on a representative democracy is called a(n). Republic 4. Upon overthrowing their king in 509 B.C., who governed Rome? The Senate 5. Places that have large populations typically cannot practice direct democracy. Instead, they have a(n) , or a government in which citizens choose leaders to govern on their behalf. Representative Democracy 6. In 1215, King John was forced to sign the , which limited the king’s power and forbade him from placing certain taxes without the consent of the nobles. Magna Carta 7. The document in question 6 established the principle of , or the idea that a ruler or a government is not all-powerful. Limited Rule 8. The was a transfer of power from Charles I to his daughter Mary and her husband William following Charles’s failure to uphold the Magna Carta. Glorious Revolution 9. In order for William and Mary to assume the throne, they had to agree that English citizens were entitled to certain rights that could not be violated by the King. What were these rights called? English Bill of Rights 10. According to , people had the right to decide how they should be governed. Jean-Jacques Rousseau 11. The was a period in which thinkers wanted to apply the laws that ruled nature to people and society.  Enlightenment 12. was a thinker of the Enlightenment Era who believed that a social contract existed between the government and the people. Thomas Hobbes 13. developed the idea that the government should be divided into branches. Montesquieu 14. argued that for a ruler, it was better to be feared than to be loved. Machiavelli 15. John Locke argued that all people were born with , or God-given rights. Natural rights 16. According to , people had the right to decide how they should be governed. Rousseau 17. Voltaire believed that everyone should have freedom of and. Religion, trade 18. The first permanent English settlement in North America was located in. Jamestown 19. The established the first direct democracy in colonial America. Mayflower Compact 20. The Pressed colonists to question traditional religious and political authority. Great Awakening 21. True/False: Colonists had little input into the British government, but they were still governed by British laws. True 22. Which war that began in 1754 resulted in what the colonists believed to be excessive taxation? French and Indian War 23. Who was forced to pay for the war mentioned in question 22? The colonists 24. The , passed in 1765, placed a tax on paper goods, requiring all paper goods to have a tax stamp on them. Stamp Act 25. The was passed in 1767 and placed duties on goods imported from overseas. Townshend Act 26. In 1773, Parliament passed the to allow a British company an exemption from paying duties on their tea. Tea Act 27. What event prompted the passage of the Coercive Acts? Boston Tea Party 28. Why did the colonists detest the Coercive Acts so much? They believed that it violated the English Bill of Rights 29. In September of 1774, the met to write a letter to the king asking for him to respect their rights. First Continental Congress 30. The first battles of the American Revolution took place at and.. Lexington and Concord 31. Was the main author of the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson 32. When was the Declaration of Independence approved? July 4, 1776