Circulatory System PDF

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Done by : Rola Al Achkar OBJECTIVES: Explain the blood circulation Recognize the structure of the heart. Recognize the cardiac activity Recognize the cardiovascular disease PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Circulatory system Blood...

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Done by : Rola Al Achkar OBJECTIVES: Explain the blood circulation Recognize the structure of the heart. Recognize the cardiac activity Recognize the cardiovascular disease PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Circulatory system Blood Heart Blood vessels Ca Art BlooP pill Vei l Plas eri d ari ns a ma es cells es R Wt B B e C C l e t s  The heart is a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the blood HEART vessels to various parts of the body by Coronary arteries repeated, rhythmic contractions. supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients. Coronary veins transport carbon dioxide and waste away from The walls of the heart are composed of the heart muscle. cardiac muscle, called myocardium.  LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF A MAMMAL’S HEART Superior vena cava Aorta Pulmonary Pulmonary artery Pulmonary artery veins Left Right auricle Sigmoid auricle Inferior vena valve Bicuspid cava valve Left ventricle Tricuspid valve Right ventricle Septum  ON BETWEEN LEFT AND RIGHT VENTRICLE Left S ventricl MYOCARDI e Right UM ventricl e  BLOOD CIRCULATI ON Closed system It involves: A small or pulmonary circulation A big or systemic circulation  Left Left Bicuspidventricl PATHWAY Aorta auricle OF BLOOD e Venae Organs Left sigmoid valve cavae Right Pulmon Right ventricl ary auricle e Pulmon artery Tricuspid valve Lungs ary veins Right sigmoid valve Left auricle CARDIAC CYCLE Auricular systole 0.1 seconds Ventricular systole 0.3 seconds General diastole 0.4 seconds CARDIAC CYCLE Auricular Ventricular General systole systole diastole  VALVES Ensure the pathway of the blood in one direction in the heart and prevent its backflow Bicuspid valve Sigmoid Tricuspid valves valve  Cavities that Flow of the Sigmoid Tricuspid/ contract Phases blood valves (open/ Mitral (auricle/ (from------to) closed) (open/ closed) ventricle) Auricular Auricles to Auricle Closed Open systole ventricles s Ventricles Ventricular to arteries Ventricle Open Closed systole (Aorta and s pulmonary) General Veins to No Closed Open diastole one auricles  ELECTROCARDIOGRAP HY Electrocardiogra m (ECG) is a recording of the electric manifestation generated by the cardiac activity P: Auricular Systole QRST: Ventricular Systole Absence of electric activity: General Diastole PHASES OF CARDIAC CYCLE  BLOOD VESSELS Arteries arteriole Venule Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins  Artery Vein Capillary  Carries bright  Carries dark  Site of (oxygenated) (deoxygenate exchange red blood d) red blood between blood from heart to from organs to and organs Role organs heart  Exception :  Exception : pulmonary pulmonary artery carries vein carries dark red bright red Very thin Aspect of wall Thick Thin blood blood (one cell thick) Lumen small Large Very narrow openning  CARDIOVASCULAR ACCIDENT  A medical condition that affects the heart and its ability to efficiently supply blood to certain organs (heart, brain…)  Coronary arteries: The arteries that run on the surface of the heart, it delivers the oxygenated blood and nutrients to the heart muscle (myocardium). MYOCARDIA L INFARCTION Cardiovascula r accident that results from poor blood supply of the cardiac muscle MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Risk factors Avoiding risk factors Diet rich in lipids and Balanced diet carbohydrates Obesity Avoid obesity and excess weight Be comfortable, take a Stress vacation… Sedentary life Exercises, sports… Age ……… Smoking Avoid smoking Alcohol Don’t consume alcohol Diabetes Control glucose level in blood  MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Diagnosis of coronary artery blockage is done by using Angiography which is a medical imaging technique used to visualize the inside of blood vessels  MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION  Treatment: Angioplasty is the technique of mechanically widening narrowed or obstructed arteries.