Cholera 1.docx

Eight year old boy developed severe watery diarrhea and vomiting for two days. You are provided with an organism isolated from stool along with microscopy, growth on culture media and other tests. 1. Enumerate all organisms causing watery diarrhea? Ans--bacteria -- Vibrio cholera, ETEC, Salmonell...

Eight year old boy developed severe watery diarrhea and vomiting for two days. You are provided with an organism isolated from stool along with microscopy, growth on culture media and other tests. 1. Enumerate all organisms causing watery diarrhea? Ans--bacteria -- Vibrio cholera, ETEC, Salmonella typhimurium, S. aureus, C.welchi, B.cereus - Virus -- Rota virus, Adeno virus, Calci virus - Parasite -- Giardia, Cryptosporidium sp, Isospora sp, Cyclospora sp 2. Ans1-2 ml of sample should be collected in a wide mouthed screw capped container, collect sample before starting antibiotics, and transfer the sample in a transport media like VR media. Send cotton swab immersed in stool if Cary Blair media is used for transportation. 3. Identify the organisms describing colony characteristics and interpreting the microscopy / biochemical reactions. Ans - Direct microscopy -- gram stain shows comma shaped gram negative rods/bacilli - Culture -- on TCBS agar, round large yellow (due to fermentation of sucrose) colonies are seen - Biochemical reactions -- catalase positive, oxidase positive, indole positive, citrate positive, urease negative, TSI A/A without gas and without H2S, MMT -- mannitol fermented and motile - Sugar fermentation test -- glucose, sucrose and mannitol fermented, lactose not fermented - Sensitive to bacteriophage IV, polymixin b sensitive - Slide agglutination positive with Ogawa antisera and negative with Inaba antisera 4. What are different biotypes and serotypes of this organism? Ans Biotypes -- Classical and El Tor Serotype -- Ogawa, Inaba & Hikojima 5. What are rapid direct methods for diagnosis of this condition? Ans demonstration of darting motility by hanging drop - Inhibition of motility with antisera - Detection of cholera toxin in stool by rapid test/ ELISA - PCR, Bio Fire Film array - automated multiplex PCR C:\\Users\\vrdlh\\Desktop\\practical images\\VC m.jpg  C:\\Users\\vrdlh\\Desktop\\practical images\\PHOTO-2020-11-07-11-18-49.jpg