Nursing Care of the Community Chpater 17: Occupational Health PDF

Nursing Care of the Community CHAPTER 17: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Instructional slides  AAOHN Definition of Occupational Health Nursing The specialty practice that focuses on the promotion, prevention, and restoration of health within the context of a safe and healthy environmen...

Nursing Care of the Community CHAPTER 17: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Instructional slides  AAOHN Definition of Occupational Health Nursing The specialty practice that focuses on the promotion, prevention, and restoration of health within the context of a safe and healthy environment. It includes the prevention of adverse health effects from occupational and environmental hazards. It provides for and delivers occupational and environmental health and safety programs and services to clients.  Occupational Health Multidisciplinary Framework Nursing Medicine Toxicology Industrial hygiene Epidemiology Business Social and Behavioral Sciences Environmental Health Ethico-Legal  Highlights of the History of Occupational Health Nursing in the Philippines November 11, 1950 : Ms. Magdalena Valenzuela of the Department of Health (DOH) instituted the Industrial Nursing Unit (INU) of the Philippine Nurses Association (PNA) Ms. Perla Gorres of the Philippine Manufacturing Company (PMC) served as the first chairperson Ms. Anita Santos of Jardine Davies was elected as first president November 12, 1966: Passage of the constitution and by-laws governing the association paved way to the modification in name to Occupational Health Nurses Association of the Philippines (OHNAP), Inc. Occupational Health and Safety Hazards Biological-Infectious e.g.: hepatitis B infection among nursing personnel Chemical e.g.: acid burns among laboratory workers Enviro-mechanical e.g.: muskuloskeletal disorders among factory laborers  Occupational Health Hazards Physical e.g.: hearing loss among cement factory workers Psychosocial e.g.: anxiety reactions among middle-level managers  Job Safety Analysis Observation and Walk-through Methods Review of Records Process and Equipment Reviews Chemical Inventories Interview Focused Group Discussions Surveys Control of Occupational Hazards Administrative Engineering Materials Provision  Duties and Functions of Occupational Health Nurses in the Philippines 1. In the absence of a physician, to organize and administer a health service program integrating occupational safety, otherwise, these activities of the nurse shall be in accordance with the physician; 2. Provide nursing care to injured or ill workers; 3. Participate in health maintenance examination. If a physician is not available, to perform work activities which are within the scope allowed by the nursing profession, and if more extensive examinations are needed, to refer the same to a physician; 4. Participate in the maintenance of occupational health and safety by giving suggestions in the improvement of working environment affecting the health and well-being of the workers; and 5. Maintain a reporting and records system, and, if a physician is not available, prepare and submit an annual medical report, using the prescribed form, to the employer, as required by this standard. - 1996 Amended Occupational Safety and Health Standards  Levels of Preventive Care in Occupational Health Primary Secondary Tertiary  Levels of Competence of Occupational Health Nurses Competent Proficient Expert  Nine Areas of Competence of Occupational Health Nurses Clinical and Primary Care Case Management Workforce, Workplace, and Environmental Issues Legal and Ethical Responsibilities Management and Administration Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Health and Safety Education Research Professionalism Overview of the Philippine Labor Code Working Conditions and Rest Periods Medical, Dental, and Occupational Safety Compensation Working Conditions for Special Groups of Employees Confidentiality of Employee Health Information AAOHN identifies three "levels of confidentiality" of health information: Level I relates to information required by law Level II covers information that will assist in management of human resources Level III focuses on "personal health information" including non–job-related health problems or health counseling Confidentiality of Employee Health Information Disclosure of Levels I and II information to management should be allowed only on a "need-to-know" basis, generally with reference to workability status and regulatory compliance. Disclosure of Level III information to management and regulatory agencies should only be allowed as required by law. Disclosure of Level III information to health insurance providers should be made only with appropriate written authorization of the employee.  AAOHN Code of Ethics (From American Association of Occupational Health Nurses: The nurse in industry, New York, 1976, AAOHN.) Occupational and environmental health nurses provide health, wellness, safety, and other related services to clients with regard for human dignity and rights, unrestricted by consideration of social or economic status, personal attributes or the nature of the health status. Occupational and environmental health nurses, as licensed health care professionals, accept obligations to society as professional and responsible members of the community. Occupational and environmental health nurses strive to safeguard clients' rights to privacy by protecting confidential information and releasing information only as required or permitted by law.  AAOHN Code of Ethics (continued) (From American Association of Occupational Health Nurses: The nurse in industry, New York, 1976, AAOHN.) Occupational and environmental health nurses promote collaboration with other professionals, community agencies, and stakeholders in order to meet the health, wellness, safety, and other related needs of the client. Occupational and environmental health nurses maintain individual competence in nursing practice, based on scientific knowledge, and recognize and accept responsibility for individual judgments and actions, while complying with appropriate laws and regulations.  OHN Research Priorities (From American Association of Occupational Health Nurses: Research priorities in occupational and environmental health nursing, 2013) Effectiveness of primary health care delivery at the worksite Effectiveness of health promotion nursing intervention strategies Strategies that minimize work-related adverse health outcomes (e.g., respiratory disease) Health effects resulting from chemical exposure in the workplace Occupational hazards of health care workers (e.g., latex allergy, blood borne pathogens) Factors that influence worker rehabilitation and return to work Effectiveness of ergonomic strategies to reduce worker injury and illness  OHN Research Priorities (continued) (From American Association of Occupational Health Nurses: Research priorities in occupational and environmental health nursing, 2013) The nature and effects of stress and workplace stressors on worker health Health effects resulting from the interaction between aging and workplace hazards Evaluation of critical pathways to effectively improve worker health and safety and to enhance maximum recovery and safe return to work Evaluation of intervention strategies to improve worker health and safety Strategies for increasing compliance with or motivating workers to use personal protective equipment Emergency/pandemic preparedness in the workplace Impact of occupational health nursing interventions on worker’s compensation claims END OF CHAPTER