CHEMICAL-HANDLING-2024.pdf

Chemistry for Engineers CHEMICAL HANDLING CHEREL M. DE LEON CHEMICAL HANDLING A. General rules for handling chemicals 1. Do not return chemicals to their original packaging. 2. Keep chemical containers closed.... 3. Never use the wrong or an unmarked reagent.... 4. Never use s...

Chemistry for Engineers CHEMICAL HANDLING CHEREL M. DE LEON CHEMICAL HANDLING A. General rules for handling chemicals 1. Do not return chemicals to their original packaging. 2. Keep chemical containers closed.... 3. Never use the wrong or an unmarked reagent.... 4. Never use spatulas, stirrers or other objects in what was originally a storage container for chemicals. B. HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AT HOME 1. Carefully read the ingredients list of any product or chemical you use 2. Purchase the proper personal protective equipment like gloves or goggles 3. Be aware of the hazardous materials you come in contact with 4. Follow safe procedure when you handle hazardous material 11 RULES FOR SAFE HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Rule #1. Follow all established procedures and perform job duties as you’ve been trained. Rule #2. Be cautious and plan ahead. Think about what could go wrong and pay close attention to what you’re doing while you work. Rule #3. Always use required PPE—and inspect it carefully before each use to make sure it’s safe to use. Replace worn out or damage PPE; it won’t provide adequate protection. Rule #4. Make sure all containers are properly labeled and that the material is contained in an appropriate container. Don’t use any material not contained or labeled properly. Report any damaged containers or illegible labels to your supervisor right away. Rule #5. Read labels and the material safety data sheet (MSDS) before using any material to make sure you understand hazards and precautions. Rule #6. Use all materials solely for their intended purpose. Don’t, for example, use solvents to clean your hands, or gasoline to wipe down equipment. Rule #7. Never eat or drink while handling any materials, and if your hands are contaminated, don’t use cosmetics or handle contact lenses. Rule #8. Read the labels and refer to SDSs to identify properties and hazards of chemical products and materials. Rule #9. Store all materials properly, separate incompatibles, and store in ventilated, dry, cool areas. Rule #10. Keep you and your work area clean. After handling any material, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Clean work surfaces at least once a shift so that contamination risks are minimized. Rule #11. Learn about emergency procedures and equipment. Understanding emergency procedures means knowing evacuation procedures, emergency reporting procedures, and procedures for dealing with fires and spills. It also means knowing what to do in a medical emergency if a co-worker is injured or overcome by chemicals. 11. HOW IS CHEMICAL WASTE TREATED? Hazardous waste can be treated by chemical, thermal, biological, physical methods. One problem posed by hazardous waste incineration is the potential for air pollution. Biological treatment of certain organic wastes, such as those from the petroleum industry, is also an option. A. Chemical treatment (of hazardous waste) refers to the treatment methods that are used to effect the complete breakdown of hazardous waste into non-toxic gases or, more frequently, to modify the chemical properties of the waste, for example, through reduction of water solubility or neutralization of acidity. B. Thermal treatment is any waste treatment technology that involves high temperatures in the processing of the waste feedstock. Commonly this involves the combustion of waste materials. 1. Biological treatments rely on bacteria, nematodes, or other small organisms to break down organic wastes using normal cellular processes. Wastewater typically contains a buffet of organic matter, such as garbage, wastes, and partially digested foods. 2. Physical treatment, on the other hand, concentrates, solidifies, or reduces the volume of the waste. Physical processes include evaporation, sedimentation, flotation, and filtration. Yet another process is solidification, which is achieved by encapsulating the waste in concrete, asphalt, or plastic. To store chemicals safely, do the following; 1. Label all chemical containers and fully tight the cover 2. Provide a specific storage space for each chemical, and ensure return after each use. 3. Store volatile toxics and odoriferous chemicals in ventilated cabinets. 4. Store flammable liquids in approved flammable liquid storage cabinets. Guidelines Chemicals are not exposed to direct sunlight or localized heat. It is recommended that containers of corrosive chemicals be stored in trays large enough to contain spillage or leakage. Chemicals are stored by reactive class (i.e. flammables with flammables, oxidizers with oxidizers). Incompatible chemicals are physically separated from each other. SDS for each chemical must be consulted for proper storage instructions and must be accessible to the storage area. Current chemical inventory is accessible to the storage area and updated regularly. Bottle carriers are used to transport glass bottles containing hazardous chemicals. Waste chemicals shall be segregated. Safe storage of household chemicals 1. Store flammable liquids preferably outside in a metal cabinet or in an unheated area. Never store near an open flame or spark.... 2. Store corrosive materials in a place such as a plastic tub or tray where the product can't spill out if the container leaks. 3. Store out of the reach of children and pets. Storing hazardous chemicals safely A number of general principles for the safe storage of hazardous chemicals include (but are not limited to): ensuring safe design, location and installation of storage and handling systems (e.g. racking systems, tanks) separate incompatible substances to prevent reactive chemicals interacting control potential ignition sources around flammable substances have appropriate safety signage and placards be prepared for spill containment and have clean up systems have emergency plans in place to deal with an incident involving the hazardous chemicals have the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and store it correctly (e.g. respirators sealed) have fire-fighting equipment that is easily accessible secure chemicals from unauthorized access. How do you transport hazardous chemicals Vehicle maintenance, display of appropriate EIP and class label, proper painting. For transport of dangerous goods, the endeavor should be to find dedicated transport tanker vehicles or at least for dedicated use of specific material only. Inter changeability at times may cause mishaps/accidents. Checklist for transporting hazardous chemicals When transporting chemicals: avoid transporting with food, water or other reactive chemicals follow the separation and segregation rules for transporting mixed classes of hazardous chemicals (those classified as dangerous goods) secure hazardous chemicals on the vehicle so they can't move or fall keep a record of the chemicals you are carrying separate foodstuffs from chemicals make sure you have the required signs and equipment for the vehicle make sure the driver of the vehicle has the correct licence and is trained in emergency procedures. Transporting dangerous goods by road or rail, you must: use suitable packaging which is labeled so that anyone in contact with it can take appropriate precautions use the appropriate vehicle, container, tank or wagon according to the classification of the goods display certain information, if required, about the goods on the vehicle or container follow proper procedures when goods are being loaded and unloaded Disposal of hazardous substances must be carried out without endangering the environment or human health. One of the best ways of disposing of hazardous substances is to separate them from other types of waste items and send them off to special disposal facilities. Chemical waste is regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). It cannot be disposed of in regular trash or in the sewer system. Most chemical wastes must be disposed of through the EHS 1. Hazardous Waste Program. To have hazardous waste removed from your laboratory, do the following: Store chemical wastes in appropriate containers; plastic bottles are preferred over glass for storing hazardous waste when compatibility is not an issue. Segregate chemical waste by compatibility, and not alphabetically. 2. Chemical waste containers must be labeled with the following information: 1. Full chemical name and quantity of the waste. For mixtures, each chemical must be listed. Abbreviations, acronyms and ditto marks ("") to replace words are not allowed, as this does not comply with The Hazard Communication Standard; 2. Date of waste generation; 3. Place of origin (department, room number); 4. PI's name and telephone number; 5. Bottle number assigned on corresponding waste sheet; and 6. The tag or label must have the words: "Hazardous Waste." 3. A completed Hazardous Waste Information Form must be submitted to the EHS office (Instructions are on the back of the form). On this form, please include: 1. Full chemical name and quantity of the waste. For mixtures, each chemical and its volume or weight must listed. Abbreviations, acronyms and ditto marks ("") to replace words are not allowed, as this does not comply with The Hazard Communication Standard; 2. Date of waste generation; 3. Place of origin (department, room number); 4. PI's name and telephone number; 5. A contact name is required to answer any questions or open the door; 6. Bottle number (in numerical order) assigned on bottle; and 7. A speed type or account number. 4. Send the completed form to the Environmental Health and Safety Office, Service Building, 1st floor, Location Code 7227. The form must be received by EHS by Tuesday at noon. Chemical waste removal will then happen on Thursday of that week. Each container must be listed separately, tagged and sealed. Leaking or open containers will not be removed. 5. The disposal of chemicals by sanitary sewer is only possible with written permission from EHS. Contact the Director or Chemical Waste Manager for more information. 1. Submit a complete list of all chemicals to be disposed of to EHS. 2. EHS will review and provide written approval on a case by case basis. 3. Any change in formulation (volume of chemical, new chemical), will require a fresh review by EHS. 4. Disposal of any chemical into the solid waste disposal system is not allowed. METHOD IN DISPOSING OF COMMON CHEMICALS 1. Use of proper safety precautions 2. Dilute bleach and hydrogen peroxide to pour down the drain 3. Store solvents for special collection 4. Recycle automotive fluids 5. Drain all aerosol canisters 6. Return pool chemicals back to your local pool store. MISHANDLED CHEMICALS RESULTS TO MISHAPS 1984- Bhopal: Pesticide plant chemical release the world's worst industrial disaster (gas leak) Over 500,000 people were exposed to methyl isocyanate immediate death toll was 2,259 2006- MERCURY EXPOSURE- St ANDREW’S SCHOOL PARAÑAQUE 24 students got ill due to mercury poisoning 2017- MANILA SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 5 persons exposed to mercury spill Cleaning staff spilled 60mL of mercury  CHEMICAL HANDLING Adherence to the following laws RA 8749 (Clean Air Act of 1999) RA 9275 (Philippine Clean Water Act) PD 1586 (Environmental Impact Statement System) RA 6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous Waste Control Act) RA 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act) RA 9512 (Environmental Education Act of 2008) Exercises 1. What is a written document pertaining to material composition, Product Identification handling, storage, disposal, safety precaution and the required Personal Protective Equipment? ( Safety Data Sheets (SDS) ,Scrap Disposal Receipt SDR, First Expiration First Out (FEFO) 2. True or False. Chemical is a substance obtained by a chemical process or producing a chemical effect. 3. What should you always read before using a chemical? A. the price tag B. the label C. the customer reviews 4. If that label says the chemical needs to be in a well ventilated room, what should you do? a. call poison control b. open the windows c. close the doors d. turn off the lights 5. What does OSHA stand for? a. Overseas Safety and Hospital Association b. Occupational Standardization and Happiness Administration c. Occupational Health and Safety ADMINISTRATION d. Overtime Safety Harmonization Agency END