Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lecture Notes PDF

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence - is defined as the science of making computers do things that require intelligence when done by humans. Many definitions exist find them out… Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-1  Distinction betwe...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Artificial intelligence - is defined as the science of making computers do things that require intelligence when done by humans. Many definitions exist find them out… Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-1  Distinction between AI and human Properties between machine and human – Speed and accuracy, computers outperform human beings. – Performance deteriorates rapidly in computers for unforeseen situation. – Human struggle with Complex computations understood and reasoning by human mind. – human is more likely to understand the results and to determine what the next computation should be. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-2  AI Most definitions are concerned with thought process and reasoning and behaviour – Systems that think like humans Through introspection – try to catch our thoughts as they go by. Through psychological experience – Systems that act like humans Natural language processing Knowledge representation Automated reasoning Machine learning Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-3  AI – Systems that think rationally Driven by the law of logic and deductive Build systems that can take description of a problem and find an answer to that problem – Systems that act rationally The system is rational if it does the right thing Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-4  The Turing Test This test was designed to provide a satisfactory operational definition on intelligence by Alan M. Turing (1912– 1954). It involves, two people (the interrogator and the respondent) and the machine to be tested. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 0-5  The Turing Test (Cont…) Agent: A “device” that responds to stimuli from its environment e.g. robot – Sensors – to receive data – Actuators – to affect the environment Questions (A) Computer contestant: aims to Questioner: Aims to discover if A or B is the ----------> fool the questioner computer.