Introduction to Organizational Behavior PDF

Introduction to Organizational Behavior “You can dream, create, design and build the most wonderful place in the world, but it requires people to make the dream a reality..! -Walt Disney  Organization Behavior Organization: Organization is a collection of peopl...

Introduction to Organizational Behavior “You can dream, create, design and build the most wonderful place in the world, but it requires people to make the dream a reality..! -Walt Disney  Organization Behavior Organization: Organization is a collection of people who work together and co-ordinate their actions to achieve individual and organization goals. Behavior: Behavior may be defined as the way how people act as individual and as groups.  Organization Behavior Organization behavior is the study and application of knowledge about how people act in an organization as individuals and as a groups. Organization behavior provide ways to understand human behavior, it explains as to how a human being will behave in any particular situation? “ Organization behavior can be defined as the understanding, prediction and management of human behavior in organizations” LUTHANS  OB is..... What people do in an organization How their behavior effects the overall performance of the organization. Behavior related to concerns: such as absenteeism, turnover, productivity etc. Includes the core of all work determinants (motivation, leadership, power, politics, conflict etc..).  Goals of Organizational Behavior (Explain, predict, and control human behavior) How people act in organization Why they act as they do What we can do to predict and manage their behavior OB works at three levels  What is OB about? 3-D : individual, group & organizational At the individual level: learning, perception, stress, personality, individual differences etc At the group level: teamwork, power & politics, interpersonal, decision making etc Organizational culture, change, structure & design at organizational level  Historical Background The famous “Hawthorne Studies” (1924-30s) Undertaken at Western Electric Company, Illinois; to study the effect of various illumination levels on worker productivity. Findings were: illumination intensity was not directly related to group productivity. Though they couldn’t explain the behavior that they had witnessed! Something more to the productivity than mere physical variables!!  Professor Elton Mayo started a series of studies & numerous experiments covering redesign of jobs, changes in the length of work day, time, introduction of rest periods and individual vs group pay plans. Hawthorne studies set the direction OB and management practices!! Contributing Disciplines to the OB Field  Objectives The main objective of Organizational Behavior is to understand the human interactions in an organization, find what is driving it and influence it for getting better results for attaining business goals.  The organizations in which people work have an effect on their thoughts, feelings, and actions. These thoughts, feelings, and actions, in turn, affect the organization itself.  MAJOR OBJECTIVES Know the level of Job Satisfaction. Organizational rewards and punishments. Job satisfaction, in turn, can foster higher productivity and reduced turnover WHO ARE MANAGERS ? What managers do ? French Industrialist Henri Fayol Henry Mintzberg Management Role  Required Management Skills Technical Skills Human Skills Conceptual skills Effective Versus Successful Managerial Activities  Finding the Right People A ship with all sails and no anchors would flounder, one with all anchors and no sails would not get anywhere. Organizational behavior can be helpful for finding the right mix of talents and working styles required for achievement of the task at hand. Conflict Resolution Higher Productivity  Organizational Culture As organizations grow larger, it may become difficult to keep a sense of common purpose and unity of direction.  Develop a Good Team It is essential that all members of the team work in coordination and are motivated to work together to achieve the best results.  The “Chak De” team exemplifies the management function of planning organizing and leading interpersonal skills and team work lead the team to victory  IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR It is very important to study organizational behavior because it provided an understanding of why people behave as they do in organization. OB helps us to study the complex nature of human beings in organization by identifying causes and effects of behavior.  OB helps in understanding organization and employees in a better way: When we can understand organization and employees, it helps to develop friendly relationship between organization and employees creating a proper working environment in an organization. Studying OB helps to apply different strategies to control the critical behavior which harms the organization.  Employee Motivation OB helps to understand basis of motivation and different ways to motivate employees properly  OB Importance OB helps in predicting and controlling human behavior. OB helps in effective utilization of Human Resources. Knowledge of OB helps managers to manage people effectively in the organization. It is one of the most important reason for studying OB. Knowledge of OB is very important for the management students who are going to have a career as a successful manager. If OB studied properly then it helps to bring organizational effectiveness. Emerging Challenges  Technological changes, structural changes, environmental changes are accelerated at a faster rate in the business field.  Improving Quality and Productivity Quality is the extent to which the customers or users believe the product or service surpasses their needs and expectations. For example, a customer who purchases an automobile has a certain expectation, one of which is that the automobile engine will start when it is turned on  Managing Workforce Diversity Organizations are becoming a more heterogeneous mix of people in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation  Diversity Implications “Managers have to shift their philosophy from treating everyone alike to recognizing differences and responding to those differences in ways that ensure employee retention and greater productivity while, at the same time, not discriminating.”  Responding to Globalization Today’s business is mostly market driven; wherever the demands exist irrespective of distance, locations, climatic Conditions, the business operations are expanded to gain their market share and to remain in the top rank etc. Business operations are no longer restricted to a particular locality or region.  TQM Improving quality and productivity Customer service and building a customer-responsive culture Developing people skills Improving Customer Service  ''The Hotel Clerk'' " Don’t be afraid to reach and touch someone’s life, you never know who’s heart you may be touching." Helping Employees Balance Work-Life Conflicts Improving Ethical Behavior  Implications for Managers OB helps with: – Insights to improve people skills – Valuing of workforce diversity – Empowering people and creating a positive work environment – Dealing with labor shortages – Coping in a world of temporariness – Creating an ethically healthy work environment Thanks