Chapter 8 Structuring System Data Requirements PDF

Chapter 8 Structuring System Data Requirements 1) The most common format used for data modeling is diagramming. A) Entity-class B) Entity-object C) Entity-subject D) Entity-relationship Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in t...

Chapter 8 Structuring System Data Requirements 1) The most common format used for data modeling is diagramming. A) Entity-class B) Entity-object C) Entity-subject D) Entity-relationship Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 2) During requirements structuring, a model represents conceptual data requirements for a particular system. A) Business B) Project C) Data D) Relationship Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 3) A(n) data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations. A) Conceptual B) Physical C) Logical D) Entity Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 2 4) A physical data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 5) Conceptual data modeling is not done in parallel with other requirements analysis and structuring steps during systems analysis. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 6) The process of conceptual data modeling begins with developing a conceptual data model for the system being replaced, if a system already exists. This is essential for planning the conversion of the current files or database into the database of the new system. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 7) The primary deliverable from the physical data modeling step within the analysis phase is an E-R diagram. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept 8) The other deliverable from conceptual data modeling is a full set of entries about data objects that will be stored in the project dictionary, repository, or data modeling software. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 3 9) Why do some systems developers believe the data model is the most important part of IS requirements? Answer: First, the characteristics of data captured during data modeling are crucial in the design of databases, programs, computer screens, and printed reports. Second, data, not processes, are the most complex aspects of many modern information systems and hence require a central role in structuring system requirements. Third, the characteristics about data are reasonably permanent and have significant similarity for different organizations in the same business. Finally, structural information about data is essential for automatic program generation. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Synthesis 10) Describe conceptual data modeling. How is it used? Describe the process. Answer: A conceptual data model is a representation of organizational data. The purpose of a conceptual data model is to show as many rules about the meaning and interrelationships among data as possible. Analysts develop (or use from prior systems development) a conceptual data model for the current system and then build or refine a purchased conceptual data model that supports the scope and requirements for the proposed or enhanced system. The process of conceptual data modeling begins with developing a conceptual data model for the system being replaced, if a system already exists. Then, a new conceptual data model is built (or a standard one is purchased) that includes all of the data requirements for the new system. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.1 Explain the role of conceptual data modeling in the overall analysis and design of an information system Classification: Synthesis 11) What unique characteristic(s) distinguish(es) each object from other objects of the same type? A) Secondary key B) Primary key C) Composite key D) Index Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.2 Describe the information gathering process for conceptual data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 4 12) On what basis are objects referenced, selected, qualified, sorted, and categorized? A) Attributes and secondary keys B) Entities C) Primary keys D) Index Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.2 Describe the information gathering process for conceptual data modeling Classification: Concept 13) An model is a detailed, logical representation of the entities, associations, and data elements for an organization or business area. A) E-D B) E-O C) E-R D) E-A Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.2 Describe the information gathering process for conceptual data modeling Classification: Concept 14) A(n) is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data. A) Dimension B) Attribute C) Object D) Entity Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 5 15) An entity is a collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. A) Object B) Type C) Subject D) Relationship Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 16) Each entity type in an E-R model is given a \_ because it represents a class or set, it is singular. A) Class B) Type C) Name D) Degree Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 17) An entity is a single occurrence of an entity type. A) Instance B) Object C) Attribute D) Class Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 6 18) An entity is described just once in a data model, whereas many of that may be represented by data stored in the database. A) Type; instances B) Type; classes C) Instance; types D) Class; objects Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 19) A common mistake many people make when they are just learning to draw E-R diagrams, especially if they already know how to do data flow diagramming, is to confuse data entities with and relationships with data flows. A) Classes B) Sinks C) Relationships D) Attributes Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 20) Event entity types should be named for the result of the , not the activity or process of the event. A) Event B) Class C) Entity D) Object Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 7 21) A(n) is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization. A) Event B) Instance C) Relationship D) Attribute Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 22) Similar attributes of different entity types should use but distinguishing names. A) Similar B) Different C) Unique D) Duplicate Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 23) A key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type. A) Primary B) Unique C) Candidate D) Duplicate Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 8 24) A(n) is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance. A) Multi-valued attribute B) Single-valued attribute C) Identifier D) Candidate key Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 25) A(n) is an attribute that must have a value forevery entity instance. A) Derived attribute B) Composite attribute C) Required attribute D) Optional attribute Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 26) A(n) is an attribute that may not have a value forevery entity instance. A) Required attribute B) Derived attribute C) Composite attribute D) Optional attribute Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 27) A(n) is an attribute that has meaningful component parts. A) Optional attribute B) Composite attribute C) Required attribute D) Derived attribute Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 9 28) A(n) is an attribute whose value can be computed from related attribute values. A) Derived attribute B) Composite attribute C) Required attribute D) Optional attribute Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 29) A(n) is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization. A) Attribute B) Repeating group C) Relationship D) Identifier Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 30) The of a relationship is the number of entity types that participate in that relationship. A) Object B) Degree C) Identifier D) Measure Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 10 31) A unary relationship is a relationship between the instances of entity type(s). A) One B) Two C) Three D) Five Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 32) A recursive relationship is also known as a relationship. A) Binary B) Ternary C) Secondary D) Unary Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 33) A relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types and is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling. A) Secondary B) Binary C) Primary D) Ternary Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 11 34) A ternary relationship is a simultaneous relationship among instances of entity type(s). A) One B) Two C) Three D) Ten Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 35) The defines the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A. A) Cardinality B) Relationship C) Identifier D) Association Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 36) A(n) is an entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. A) Relationship B) Associative entity C) Identifier D) Cardinality Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 37) An entity has its own identity that distinguishes it from each other entity. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 12 38) An object type is a collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 39) An entity instance (also known simply as an instance) is a single occurrence of an entity type and is described just once in a data model, whereas many instances of that entity type may be represented by data stored in the database. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 40) Event entity types should be named for the result of the event, not the activity or process of the event. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 41) A state is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 42) A primary key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 13 43) An identifier is a candidate key that has been selected to be used as the unique characteristic for an entity type. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 44) An aggregation is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Concept 45) What is the link between a data model and a DFD? Answer: Data elements included in data flows also appear in the data model, and vice versa. You must include in the data model any raw data captured and retained in a data store, and a data model can include only data that have been captured or that have been computed from captured data. Because a data model is a general business picture of data, both manual and automated data stores will be included. Each data store in a process model must relate to business objects represented in the data model. You can use an automated repository to verify these linkages. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 14 46) List at least four requirements for determination questions for data modeling. Include a question and which asset is related to that determination. Answer: 1.What are the subjects/objects of the business? What types of people, places, things, materials, events, etc. are used or interact in this business, about which data must be maintained? How many instances of each object might exist?---data entities and their descriptions 2. What unique characteristic (or characteristics) distinguishes each object from other objects of the same type? Might this distinguishing feature change over time or is it permanent? Might this characteristic of an object be missing even though we know the object exists?---primary key 3. What characteristics describe each object? On what basis are objects referenced, selected, qualified, sorted, and categorized? What must we know about each object in order to run the business?---attributes and secondary keys 4. How do you use these data? That is, are you the source of the data for the organization, do you refer to the data, do you modify it, and do you destroy it? Who is not permitted to use these data? Who is responsible for establishing legitimate values for these data?---security controls and understanding who really knows the meaning of data 5. Over what period of time are you interested in these data? Do you need historical trends, current \"snapshot\" values, and/or estimates or projections? If a characteristic of an object changes over time, must you know the obsolete values?---cardinality and time dimensions of data 6. Are all instances of each object the same? That is, are there special kinds of each object that are described or handled differently by the organization? Are some objects summaries or combinations of more detailed objects?---supertypes, subtypes, and aggregations 7. What events occur that imply associations among various objects? What natural activities or transactions of the business involve handling data about several objects of the same or a different type?--- relationships and their cardinality and degree 8. Is each activity or event always handled the same way or are there special circumstances? Can an event occur with only some of the associated objects, or must all objects be involved? Can the associations between objects change over time (for example, employees change departments)? Are values for data characteristics limited in any way?--integrity rules, minimum and maximum cardinality, time dimensions of data Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 15 47) List and explain the following key data modeling terms: entity, attribute, relationship, degree, cardinality, and associative entity. Answer: An entity is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to collect and maintain data. An attribute is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization. A relationship is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization. Degree defines the number of entity types that participate in a relationship. Cardinality specifies the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A. An associative entity is a many-to-many (or one-to-one) relationship that the data modeler chooses to model as an entity type with several associated one-to-many relationships with other entity types. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis 48) Define entity type. Provide the guidelines for creating entity types. Answer: When naming and defining entity types, you should use the following guidelines: An entity type name is a singular noun. An entity type name should be descriptive and specific to the organization. An entity type name should be concise. Event entity types should be named for the result of the event, not the activity or process of the event. Some specific guidelines for defining entity types follow: An entity type definition should include a statement of what the unique characteristic(s) is/are for each instance of the entity type. An entity type definition should make clear what entity instances are included and not included in the entity type. An entity type definition often includes a description of when an instance of the entity type is created and deleted. For some entity types, the definition must specify when an instance might change into an instance of another entity type. For some entity types, the definition must specify what history is to be kept about entity instances. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 16 49) What are the rules for naming and defining attributes? Answer: Name attributes using the following guidelines: An attribute name is a noun. An attribute name should be unique. To make an attribute name unique and for clarity, each attribute name should follow a standard format. Similar attributes of different entity types should use similar but distinguishing names. An attribute definition states what the attribute is and possibly why it is important. An attribute definition should make it clear what is included and what is not included in the attribute\'s value. Any aliases, or alternative names, for the attribute can be specified in the definition. It may also be desirable to state in the definition the source of values for the attribute. An attribute definition should indicate if a value for the attribute is required or optional. An attribute definition may indicate if a value for the attribute may change once a value is provided and before the entity instance is deleted. An attribute definition may also indicate any relationships that attribute has with other attributes. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis 50) What are repeating groups and multivalued attributes? Provide an example of each. Answer: A multivalued attribute is an attribute that may assume more than one value for each entity instance. A repeating group is a related set of multivalued attributes. Using a student and the courses she takes as an example, the course number, name, and grade are multivalued attributes and repeat for each course that the student takes. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.3 Describe how to represent an entity-relationship model and be able to define the terms: entity type, attribute, identifier, multivalued attribute, and relationship Classification: Synthesis 51) An association usually means that an event has occurred or that some natural linkage exists between entity instances. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 17 52) A ternary relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types and is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept 53) The minimum cardinality of a relationship is the minimum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept 54) A relationship definition explains what action is being taken and possibly why it is important. It may be important to state who or what does the action, but it is not important to explain how the action is taken. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept 55) An entity type that associates the instances of only one type and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept 56) One situation in which a relationship must be turned into an associative entity is when the associative entity has other relationships with entities besides the relationship that caused its creation. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 18 57) Define unary, binary, and ternary relationships. Provide an example of each relationship. Answer: The number of entity types participating in a relationship defines the degree of the relationship. The most common relationships are unary, binary, and ternary. A unary relationship is a relationship between the instances of one entity type. An example of this type of relationship is of the \"person\" entity. One person (or instance) can be married to another person (or instance). The binary relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types. An example of this relationship is of a supplier and part. The binary relationship is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling. The ternary relationship is a simultaneous relationship among instances of three entity types. An example is a supplier shipping a part to a warehouse. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Synthesis 58) Explain the concept of cardinality. Give an example. Answer: Suppose there are two entity types, A and B, connected by a relationship. The cardinality of a relationship is the number of instances of entity B that can (or must) be associated with each instance of entity A. Clearly, a video store may stock more than one DVD of a given movie. In the terminology we have used so far, this example is intuitively a \"many\" relationship. Yet it is also true that the store may not have a single copy of a particular movie in stock. We need a more precise notation to indicate the range of cardinalities for a relationship. The minimum cardinality of a relationship is the minimum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A. The maximum cardinality is the maximum number of instances. Cardinality constraints include mandatory cardinality, one optional, on mandatory cardinality, optional cardinalities. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 19 59) Naming relationships can be difficult. Describe at least three guidelines for naming relationships. Answer: You should use a few special guidelines for naming relationships, such as the following: A relationship name is a verb phrase. Relationships represent actions, usually in the present tense. A relationship name states the action taken, not the result of the action. You should avoid vague names, such as Has or Is related to. Use descriptive verb phrases taken from the action verbs found in the definition of the relationship. A relationship definition explains what action is being taken and possibly why it is important. It may be important to state who or what does the action, but it is not important to explain how the action is taken. It may be important to give examples to clarify the action. The definition should explain any optional participation. You should explain what conditions lead to zero associated instances, whether this can happen only when an entity instance is first created or whether this can happen at any time. A relationship definition should also explain the reason for any explicit maximum cardinality other than many. A relationship definition should explain any restrictions on participation in the relationship. A relationship definition should explain the extent of history that is kept in the relationship. A relationship definition should explain whether an entity instance involved in a relationship instance can transfer participation to another relationship instance. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.4 Distinguish among unary, binary, and ternary relationships as well as associative entities, providing an example of each Classification: Synthesis 60) A is an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other sub-groupings. A) Repeating group B) Multi-valued C) Super-type D) Subtype Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 20 61) The rule specifies that an entity instance of the super type does not have to belong to any subtype. A) Total specialization B) Partial specialization C) Overlap D) Disjoint Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Concept 62) The rule specifies that each entity instance of the super-type must be a member of some subtype of the relationship. A) Partial specialization B) Business C) Overlap D) Total specialization Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Concept 63) The rule specifies that if an entity instance of the super type is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype. A) Business B) Overlap C) Disjoint D) Partial specialization Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Concept 64) A supertype is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 21 65) Briefly identify four important business rules for supertype/subtype relationships. Answer: Total specialization, partial specialization, disjoint, and overlap are four business rules for supertype/subtype relationships. The total specialization rule specifies that each entity instance of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship. The partial specialization rule specifies that an entity instance of the supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype. The disjoint rule specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype, it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype. The overlap rule specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.5 Define supertypes and subtypes, showing how to represent these entity types with entity-relationship diagramming notation Classification: Synthesis 66) The rule specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. A) Business B) Overlap C) Disjoint D) Total specialization Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 67) rules are specifications that preserve the integrity of the logical data model. A) Business B) Disjoint C) Overlap D) Total specialization Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 68) How many types of business rules are there in conceptual data modeling? A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 22 69) Which business rule specifies that each instance of an entity type must have a unique identifier that is not null? A) Triggering operations B) Referential integrity C) Entity integrity D) Domains Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 70) Which business rule specifies the validity of attribute values? A) Triggering operations B) Referential integrity C) Entity integrity D) Domains Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 71) Which business rule specifies constraints on valid values for attributes? A) Triggering operations B) Referential integrity C) Entity integrity D) Domains Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 72) Which business rule specifies rules concerning the relationships between entity types? A) Triggering operations B) Referential integrity constraints C) Entity integrity D) Domains Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 23 73) A domain is the set of all data types and ranges of values that may assume. A) Entities B) Instances C) Attributes D) Events Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 74) A(n) is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert, update, and delete. A) Domain B) Event C) Referential integrity D) Triggering operation Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 75) A(n) is a concise statement of the business rule to be enforced by the triggering operation. A) Event B) User rule C) Action D) Condition Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 76) A(n) is the data manipulation operation (insert, delete, or update) that initiates the operation. A) Event B) User rule C) Action D) Condition Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 24 77) There is/are \_ principal type(s) of packaged data model(s). A) One B) Two C) Three D) Five Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 78) The disjoint rule specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype, it can simultaneously be a member of any other subtype. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 79) Domain definitions typically specify some (or all) of the following characteristics of attributes: data type, length, format, range, allowable values, meaning, uniqueness, and null support (whether an attribute value may or may not be null). Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 80) Projects with purchased models take less time and cost more because the initial discovery steps are no longer necessary, leaving only iterative tailoring and refinement to the local situation. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Concept 81) Define domains for the following attributes: Account number. Answer: Name: Account\_number; Meaning: Customer account number in bank; Data type: Character; Format: nnn-nnnn: Uniqueness: Must be unique; Null support: non-null Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 25 82) Define triggering operation. Provide an example and include the components. Answer: A triggering operation (also called a trigger) is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert, update, and delete. The scope of triggering operations may be limited to attributes within one entity or it may extend to attributes in two or more entities. Other examples may be used. Example: User rule: WITHDRAWAL Amount may not exceed ACCOUNT Balance Event: Insert Entity Name: WITHDRAWAL Condition: WITHDRAWAL Amount \> ACCOUNT Balance Action: Reject the insert transaction Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.6 Define four basic types of business rules in a conceptual data model Classification: Synthesis 83) data models are generic data models that are designed to be used by organizations within specific industries. A) Universal B) Conceptual C) Logical D) Industry-specific Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 84) The term data model means a conceptual data model with some additional properties associated with the most popular type of database technology like relational databases. A) Universal B) Physical C) Logical D) Industry-specific Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 26 85) Which benefit of purchased data models refers to the fact that they are very general, covering almost all options employed by the associated functional area or industry? A) Consistent and complete B) Validated C) Cost reduction D) Facilitates systems analysis Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 86) Which benefit of purchased data models provides database planning and analysis by providing a first data model, which we can use to generate specific analysis questions and concrete, not hypothetical or abstract, examples of what might be in the appropriate database? A) Validated B) Consistent and complete C) Cost reduction D) Facilitates systems analysis Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 87) A(n) has a well-defined role in the application domain, and it has state (data), behavior, and identity characteristics. A) Event B) Object C) Activity D) Class Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 27 88) The of an object encompasses its properties (attributes and relationships) and the values of those properties. A) State B) Condition C) Behavior D) Event Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 89) The shows the static structure of an object-oriented model: the object classes, their internal structure, and the relationships in which they participate. A) Data model B) Object class C) Object diagram D) Class diagram Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 90) The is a logical grouping of objects that have the same (or similar) attributes, relationships, and behaviors; also called class. A) Operation B) Encapsulation C) Object class D) Object diagram Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 91) The is the technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view. A) Query operation B) Encapsulation C) Constructor operation D) Update operation Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 28 92) A(n) is an operation that does not have any side effects; it accesses the state of an object but does not alter the state. A) Encapsulation B) Constructor operation C) Update operation D) Query operation Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 93) A(n) is a specification that indicates how many objects participate in a given relationship. A) Association role B) Multiplicity C) Association D) Object class Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 94) A(n) class is a class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances. A) Abstract B) Concrete C) Object D) Associative Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 29 95) A class that can have direct instances (e.g., Outpatient or Resident Patient) is called a(n) class. A) Object B) Abstract C) Associative D) Concrete Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 96) A part-of relationship in which parts belong to only one whole object, and the parts live and die with the whole object is called. A) Method B) Composition C) Aggregation D) Polymorphism Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 97) The fact that the same operation may apply to two or more classes in different ways is known as. A) Aggregation B) Abstract operation C) Polymorphism D) Composition Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 98) The technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view is known as encapsulation. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 30 99) Operations can be classified into four types, depending on the kind of service requested by clients. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Concept 100) What are the benefits of beginning an operation with a packaged logical data model? Answer: An advantage of LDMs is that a packaged data model now exists for almost every industry and application area. Other advantages include: Validated. Purchased models are proven through extensive experience. Cost reduction. Projects with purchased models take less time and cost less because the initial discovery steps are no longer necessary, leaving only iterative tailoring and refinement to the local situation. Anticipate future requirements, not just initial requirements. Purchased models anticipate future needs, not just those recognized during the first version of an application. Thus, because the database structure does not require structural change, their benefits are recurring, not onetime. Facilitates systems analysis. The purchased model actually facilitates database planning and analysis by providing a first data model, which you can use to generate specific analysis questions and concrete, not hypothetical or abstract, examples of what might be in the appropriate database. Consistent and complete. The purchased data models are very general, covering almost all options employed by the associated functional area or industry. Thus, they provide a structure that, when tailored, will be consistent and complete. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology LO: 8.7 Explain the role of prepackaged database models (patterns) in data modeling Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 1 Modern Systems Analysis and Design, 8e (Valacich/George) Chapter 9 Designing Databases 1) One purpose of database design is to structure the data in stable structures, called normalized tables, that are not likely to change over time and that have minimal. A) Data B) Space C) Redundancy D) Columns Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 2) Logical and database design is typically performed in parallel with other systems design steps. A) Normal B) Physical C) Conceptual D) Normalized Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 3) database design is driven not only from the previously developed E-R data model for the application or enterprise but also from form and report layouts. A) Logical B) Physical C) Normalized D) De-normalized Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 2 4) In logical database design, we use a process called , which is a way to build a data model that has the properties of simplicity, non-redundancy, and minimal maintenance. A) Data modeling B) Database designing C) De-normalization D) Normalization Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 5) In most situations, many physical database design decisions are implicit or eliminated when we choose the technologies to use with the application. A) Data management B) System management C) Software management D) SDLC Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 6) There are key steps in logical database modeling and design. A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Five Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 7) In logical database modeling and design, we combine normalized data requirements from all user interfaces into one consolidated logical database model; this step is called view. A) Summation B) Integration C) Addition D) Combination Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 3 8) In logical database modeling and design, we translate the E-R data model for the application or enterprise, developed without explicit consideration of specific user interfaces, into normalized data requirements. A) Normal B) Physical C) Logical D) Conceptual Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 9) A(n) is an attribute (or combination of attributes) whose value is unique across all occurrences of a relation. A) Composite key B) Primary key C) Identifier D) Index Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 10) During logical database design, you must account for every data element on a system input or output form or report and on the. A) E-R diagram B) Conceptual design C) Physical design D) Logical design Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 11) In a database model, data is represented as a set of related tables or relations. A) Logical B) Conventional C) Relational D) Physical Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 4 12) A relation is a named, -dimensional table of data. Each relation (or table) consists of a set of named columns and an arbitrary number of unnamed rows. A) Two B) One C) Three D) Four Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 13) Each in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation. A) Entity B) Data C) Column D) Row Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 14) Each of a relation corresponds to a record that contains data values for an entity. A) Column B) Entity C) Attribute D) Row Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 15) Entries in cells are simple and an entry at the intersection of each row and column has a value. A) Duplicate B) Single C) Multi D) Repeating Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 5 16) In a relation, each row is unique and uniqueness is guaranteed because the relation has a nonempty key value. A) Unique B) Composite C) Candidate D) Primary Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 17) In a relation, the sequence of columns can be interchanged without changing the meaning or use of the. A) Relation B) Attribute C) Row D) Primary key Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 18) A well-structured relation is a relation that contains a minimum amount of redundancy and that allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows without error or inconsistencies and is also known as a \_. A) Column B) Row C) Table D) Key Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 19) Logical database design is driven not only from the previously developed E-R data model for the application or enterprise but also from form and report layouts. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 6 20) During logical database design, you must account for every data element on a system input or output---form or report---and on the flow chart. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 21) A foreign key is an attribute (or combination of attributes) whose value is unique across all occurrences of a relation. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 22) A relation is a named, two-dimensional table of data and each relation (or table) consists of a set of named columns and an arbitrary number of unnamed rows. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 23) In an object oriented database model, data is represented as a set of related tables or relations. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 24) In a relational table, each row is unique and uniqueness is guaranteed because the relation has a non-empty primary key value. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept 25) An unstructured relation is a relation that contains a minimum amount of redundancy and that allows users to insert, modify, and delete the rows without error or inconsistencies. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 7 26) What are the five purposes of data design? Answer: Structure the data in stable structures, called normalized tables, that are not likely to change over time and that have minimal redundancy. Develop a logical database design that reflects the actual data requirements that exist in the forms and reports of an information system. Develop a logical database design from which we can do physical database design. Translate a relational database model into a technical file and database design that balances several performance factors. Choose data storage technologies that will efficiently, accurately, and securely process database activities. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Synthesis 27) What are the four key steps to logical database modeling and design? Answer: 1. Develop a logical data model for each known user interface for the application using normalization principles. 2. Combine normalized data requirements from all user interfaces into one consolidated logical database model; this step is called view integration. 3. Translate the conceptual E-R data model for the application or enterprise, developed without explicit consideration of specific user interfaces, into normalized data requirements. 4. Compare the consolidated logical database design with the translated E-R model and produce, through view integration, one final logical database model for the application. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Synthesis 28) What is a relational database model? How do relations differ from nonrelation tables? Answer: The relational database model represents data in the form of related tables, or relations. A relation is a named, two-dimensional table of data. Each relation (or table) consists of a set of named columns and an arbitrary number of unnamed rows. Each column in a relation corresponds to an attribute of that relation. Each row of a relation corresponds to a record that contains data values for an entity. Relations have several properties that distinguish them from nonrelational tables: 1. Entries in cells are simple. An entry at the intersection of each row and column has a single value. 2. Entries in a given column are from the same set of values. 3. Each row is unique. Uniqueness is guaranteed because the relation has a nonempty primary key value. 4. The sequence of columns can be interchanged without changing the meaning or use of the relation. 5. The rows may be interchanged or stored in any sequences. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.1 Describe the database design process, its outcomes, and the relational database model Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 8 29) is a process for converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures. A) De-normalization B) Normalization C) Database modeling D) Relation Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 30) In normal form, each non-primary key attribute is identified by the whole key (what we call full functional dependency). A) First B) Fourth C) Third D) Second Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 31) In normal form, non-primary key attributes do not depend on each other (what we call no transitive dependencies). A) First B) Fourth C) Third D) Second Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 32) A functional dependency is a particular relationship between two. A) Attributes B) Rows C) Databases D) Tables Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 9 33) The result of normalization is that every key attribute depends upon the whole primary key. A) Candidate B) Unique C) Primary D) Non-primary Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 34) A relation is in if every non-primary key attribute is functionally dependent on the whole primary key. A) 1NF B) 2NF C) 3NF D) 4NF Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 35) A functional dependency between key attributes is also called a transitive dependency. A) Non-primary B) Primary C) Composite D) Unique Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 36) De-normalization is a process for converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 10 37) A relation is in first normal form if every non-primary key attribute is functionally dependent on the whole primary key. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 38) A relation is in third normal form if it is in second normal form and there are no functional dependencies between two (or more) non-primary key attributes. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 39) Each relationship in an E-R diagram must be represented in the relational database design and how we represent a relationship depends on its nature. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Concept 40) Describe normalization rules. Answer: Although first normal form is not directly mentioned in the textbook, it requires the removal of repeating data, so there is a single value at the intersection of each row and column of the relation. Relations are in second normal form if nonkey attributes require the whole key for identification. Relations are in third normal form if no transitive dependencies exist in the relation. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.2 Describe normalization and the rules for second and third normal form Classification: Synthesis 41) A is an attribute that appears as a non-primary key attribute in one relation and as a primary key attribute (or part of a primary key) in another relation. A) Referential integrity B) Primary key C) Foreign key D) Unique key Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 11 42) A(n) must satisfy referential integrity, which specifies that the value of an attribute in one relation depends on the value of the same attribute in another relation. A) Foreign key B) Primary key C) Unique key D) Index Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 43) Each entity type in the E-R diagram becomes a relation. The identifier of the entity type becomes the of the relation, and other attributes of the entity type become non-primary key attributes of the relation. A) Foreign key B) Index C) Unique key D) Primary key Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 44) Each regular entity type in an E-R diagram is transformed into a(n). A) Identifier B) Relation C) Attribute D) Row Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 12 45) The key should be ; that is, no attribute in the key can be deleted without destroying its unique identification. A) De-normalized B) Normalized C) Redundant D) Non-redundant Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 46) is NOT a valid degree of the relationship. A) Binary B) Unary C) N-ary D) Ternary Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 47) A binary one-to-many (1:N) relationship in an E-R diagram is represented by adding the primary key attribute (or attributes) of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a(n) in the relation that is on the many side of the relationship. A) Primary key B) Foreign key C) Unique key D) Index Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 13 48) A unary relationship is a relationship between the instances of a entity type, which are also called recursive relationships. A) Single B) Double C) Triple D) Many Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 49) A recursive foreign key is a foreign key in a relation that references the values of that same relation. A) Non-primary key B) Unique key C) Primary key D) Foreign key Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 50) While representing an entity, each non-key attribute of the entity type becomes a key attribute of the relation. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 51) The procedure for representing relationships depends on both the degree of the relationship and not on the cardinalities of the relationship. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 14 52) A recursive foreign key is a foreign key in a relation that references the foreign key values of that same relation. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.3 Transform an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram into an equivalent set of well-structured (normalized) relations Classification: Concept 53) Which relation is created with the primary key associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any non-key attributes of the relationship or associative entity and the primary keys of the related entities (as foreign key attributes)? A) Associative entity B) Associative entity with its own key C) Associative entity with additional key D) Binary 1:N relationship Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 54) Which relation is created with a composite primary key using the primary keys of the related entities and additional primary key attributes associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any non-key attributes of the relationship or associative entity? A) Binary 1:N relationship B) Associative entity C) Associative entity with its own key D) Associative entity with additional key Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 15 55) Which relation is created with a composite primary key using the primary keys of the related entities, plus any non-key attributes associative entity of the relationship or associative entity? A) Associative entity B) Associative entity with its own key C) Associative entity with additional key D) Weak entity Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 56) Which relation is created by placing the primary key of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation for the entity on the many side? A) Associative entity B) Weak entity C) Binary 1:N relationship D) Associative entity with additional key Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 57) Which relation is created by placing the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or by doing this for both entities? A) Binary 1:N relationship B) Unary 1:1 relationship C) Weak entity D) Associative entity with additional key Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 16 58) Which relation is created with a composite primary key (which includes the primary key of the entity on which this weak entity depends) and non-key attributes? A) Associative entity with additional key B) Super-type C) Regular entity D) Weak entity Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 59) Which relation is created with primary key and non-key attributes only? A) Regular entity B) Weak entity C) Sub-type D) Associative entity Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 60) In some situations, two or more attributes may have different names but the same meaning, as when they describe the same characteristic of an entity. Such attributes are called. A) Homonyms B) Antonyms C) Synonyms D) Duplicates Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 17 61) In some situations, a single attribute name, called a(n) , may have more than one meaning or describe more than one characteristic. A) Homonym B) Antonym C) Synonym D) Duplicate Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 62) When merging relations that contain synonyms, we should obtain, if possible, agreement from users on a single standardized name for the attribute and eliminate the other synonym. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept 63) When two 3NF relations are merged to form a single relation, dependencies between nonkeys may result. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 18 64) Summarize the four steps involved in transforming an E-R diagram into normalized relations and then merging them into one consolidated set of relations. Answer: 1. Represent entities. Each entity type in the E-R diagram becomes a relation. The identifier of the entity type becomes the primary key of the relation, and other attributes of the entity type become nonprimary key attributes of the relation. 2. Represent relationships. Each relationship in an E-R diagram must be represented in the relational database design. How we represent a relationship depends on its nature. 3. Normalize the relations. The relations created in steps 1 and 2 may have unnecessary redundancy. So we need to normalize these relations to make them well structured. 4. Merge the relations. So far in database design we have created various relations from both a bottom-up normalization of user views and from transforming one or more E-R diagrams into sets of relations. Across these different sets of relations, there may be redundant relations (two or more relations that describe the same entity type) that must be merged and renormalized to remove the redundancy. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Synthesis 65) Describe how a binary one-to-one relationship is represented. Answer: A binary one-to-one relationship can be represented in three ways: (1) the primary key of the first entity can serve as a foreign key of the second entity; (2) the primary key of the second entity can serve as a foreign key of the first entity; or (3) each entity\'s primary key can serve as a foreign key of the other entity. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 19 66) Describe at least three E-R structures and their relational representation. Answer: Regular entity: Create a relation with primary key and nonkey attributes. Weak entity: Create a relation with a composite primary key (which includes the primary key of the entity on which this weak entity depends) and nonkey attributes. Binary or unary 1:1 relationship: Place the primary key of either entity in the relation for the other entity or do this for both entities. Binary 1:N relationship: Place the primary key of the entity on the one side of the relationship as a foreign key in the relation for the entity on the many side. Binary or unary M:N relationship or associative entity: Create a relation with a composite primary key using the primary keys of the related entities, plus any nonkey attributes associative entity of the relationship or associative entity. Binary or unary M:N relationship or associative entity with additional key(s): Create a relation with a composite primary key using the primary keys of the related entities and additional primary key attributes associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any nonkey attributes of the relationship or associative entity. Binary or unary M:N relationship or associative entity with its own key: Create a relation with the primary key associated with the relationship or associative entity, plus any nonkey attributes of the relationship or associative entity and the primary keys of the related entities (as foreign key attributes). Supertype/subtype: Create a relation for the superclass, which contains the primary relationship key and all nonkey attributes in common with all subclasses, plus create a separate relation for each subclass with the same primary key (with the same or local name) but with only the nonkey attributes related to that subclass. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Synthesis 67) Describe the problems that may occur when integrating relations. Answer: Four problems may arise: synonyms, homonyms, dependencies between nonkeys, and class/subclass relationships. Synonyms are when two or more attributes may have different names but the same meaning, as when they describe the same characteristic of an entity. In other situations, a single attribute name, called a homonym, may have more than one meaning or describe more than one characteristic. For Dependencies between Nonkeys when two 3NF relations are merged to form a single relation, dependencies between nonkeys may result. Class/Subclass relationships may be hidden in user views or relations. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.4 Merge normalized relations from separate user views into a consolidated set of wellstructured relations Classification: Synthesis Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 20 68) A(n) is the smallest unit of application data recognized by system software, such as a programming language or database management system. A) Table B) Field C) Row D) Index Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 69) Normalized relations are, of course, the result of database design. A) Physical B) Logical C) Conceptual D) Conventional Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 70) We begin the physical design phase by addressing the design of physical fields for each attribute in a data model. A) Conventional B) Conceptual C) Physical D) Logical Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 21 71) A(n) is a coding scheme recognized by system software for representing organizational data. A) Data model B) Attribute C) Data type D) Field Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 72) A default value is the value that a will assume unless an explicit value is entered for it. A) Field B) Row C) Table D) Data type Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 73) A value is a special field value, distinct from a zero, blank, or any other value, that indicates that the value for the field is missing or otherwise unknown. A) Key B) True C) Null D) Default Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 22 74) A table is a named set of rows and columns that specifies the fields in each row of the table. A) Conceptual B) Physical C) Relational D) Logical Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 75) is the process of splitting or combining normalized relations into physical tables based on affinity of use of rows and fields. A) Partitioning B) Modeling C) Normalization D) De-normalization Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 23 76) The capability to split a table into separate sections, often called , is possible with most relational database products. A) Partitioning B) Splitting C) Combining D) Normalizing Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 77) is NOT a valid type of partitioning method in relational database products. A) Range B) Hash C) Boundary D) Composite Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 78) Each partition is stored in a separate contiguous section of disk space, which Oracle calls a(n). A) Database B) Tablespace C) Table D) Index Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 24 79) A computer operating system stores data in a , which is a named set of table rows stored in a contiguous section of secondary memory. A) Disk B) Tablespace C) Table D) Physical file Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 80) A(n) is a field of data that can be used to locate a related field or row of data. A) Index B) Pointer C) Secondary key D) Attribute Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 81) A(n) is a file organization in which rows are stored either sequentially or nonsequentially, and an index is created that allows software to locate individual rows. A) Indexed file organization B) Sequential file organization C) Hashed file organization D) Physical file Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept Downloaded by: yeimypadilla \| pyeimy546\@gmail.com Distribution of this document is illegal Want to earn \$1.236 extra per year? Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material 25 82) A(n) is one field or a combination of fields for which more than one row may have the same combination of values. A) Index B) Primary key C) Secondary key D) Pointer Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficient database tables, explaining when to use different types of file organizations to store computer files, and describing the purpose of indexes and the important considerations in selecting attributes to be indexed Classification: Concept 83) In a hashed file organization, the address of each is determined using an algorithm. A) Constraint B) Key C) Column D) Row Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology LO: 9.5 Describe physical database design concepts including choosing storage formats for fields in database tables, translating well-structured relations into efficie