Chapter 12 - Quiz 1 PDF

**1. What is a key concept of Erikson\'s Generativity vs. Stagnation?**\ A. Generativity emphasizes leaving a legacy for future generations.\ B. Stagnation involves increased physical activity.\ C. This stage primarily focuses on adolescence.\ D. It describes the transition to late adulthood.\ **Cor...

**1. What is a key concept of Erikson\'s Generativity vs. Stagnation?**\ A. Generativity emphasizes leaving a legacy for future generations.\ B. Stagnation involves increased physical activity.\ C. This stage primarily focuses on adolescence.\ D. It describes the transition to late adulthood.\ **Correct Answer**: A **2. Which best describes Erikson\'s Integrity vs. Despair?**\ A. Reflecting on life and concluding it was meaningful.\ B. Setting goals for future achievements.\ C. Transitioning to a novice phase of adulthood.\ D. Resolving conflicts in career development.\ **Correct Answer**: A **3. Levinson\'s Seasons of Life emphasizes which key factor?**\ A. Early childhood memories.\ B. Resolving polarities in middle adulthood.\ C. Increasing focus on financial stability.\ D. The development of retirement goals.\ **Correct Answer**: B **4. How does the Life-Events Approach view stress?**\ A. It is only linked to major life transitions.\ B. It considers mediating factors like social support.\ C. Stress has no significant impact on development.\ D. It primarily affects cognitive aging.\ **Correct Answer**: B **5. What is the core premise of Activity Theory?**\ A. Older adults disengage for emotional well-being.\ B. Active involvement improves life satisfaction.\ C. Physical activity has limited effects on aging.\ D. Emotional connections decline with age.\ **Correct Answer**: B **6. Which factor is most emphasized in Socioemotional Selectivity Theory?**\ A. Expanding social networks.\ B. Prioritizing emotionally meaningful relationships.\ C. Increased focus on career goals.\ D. Avoiding social connections.\ **Correct Answer**: B **7. What does the positivity effect describe?**\ A. Older adults focus more on positive information.\ B. Emotional reactions are heightened in older adults.\ C. Negative emotions dominate in late adulthood.\ D. Younger adults experience greater emotional contentment.\ **Correct Answer**: A **8. Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory suggests:** A. Aging individuals focus only on physical activity.\ B. Successful aging involves adaptation to losses.\ C. Technology has limited application for aging adults.\ D. Personality traits remain stable across life.\ **Correct Answer**: B **9. What personality trait is linked to longevity in older adults?**\ A. Neuroticism\ B. Conscientiousness\ C. Extroversion\ D. Openness\ **Correct Answer**: B **10. Which attachment style is linked to better well-being in older adults?**\ A. Insecure attachment\ B. Anxious attachment\ C. Secure attachment\ D. Avoidant attachment\ **Correct Answer**: C **11. An older adult reflects on their life and feels content. Which stage of Erikson's theory are they in?**\ A. Generativity vs. Stagnation\ B. Integrity vs. Despair\ C. Industry vs. Inferiority\ D. Trust vs. Mistrust\ **Correct Answer**: B **12. A middle-aged man feels unfulfilled and wishes to give back to society. What might he prioritize?**\ A. Increased financial gains\ B. Volunteering and mentoring younger generations\ C. Developing personal hobbies\ D. Focusing on career advancement\ **Correct Answer**: B **13. An older adult chooses to spend more time with close family and friends. This aligns with which theory?**\ A. Activity Theory\ B. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory\ C. Disengagement Theory\ D. Attachment Theory\ **Correct Answer**: B **14. How might an older adult optimize their declining cognitive abilities?**\ A. Avoiding challenging tasks\ B. Practicing skills and using technology\ C. Reducing social interactions\ D. Ignoring their limitations\ **Correct Answer**: B **15. A widow engages in new hobbies and expands her social circle. This demonstrates:**\ A. Successful aging\ B. Selective attachment\ C. Personality regression\ D. Reduced emotional capacity\ **Correct Answer**: A **16. What is a primary predictor of successful aging?**\ A. Financial wealth\ B. Physical activity and social engagement\ C. Avoidance of new experiences\ D. Dependency on medical interventions\ **Correct Answer**: B **17. Which aspect is central to Levinson's Seasons of Life theory?**\ A. Resolving the conflict of generativity\ B. Mastering transitional developmental tasks\ C. Focusing on career achievements only\ D. Avoiding emotional changes\ **Correct Answer**: B **18. What distinguishes the contemporary life-events approach from the traditional view?**\ A. It only focuses on major life events.\ B. It considers mediating factors and context.\ C. It views personality as fixed.\ D. It assumes all stressors have equal impact.\ **Correct Answer**: B **19. Which characteristic is associated with stability in personality traits during late adulthood?**\ A. Emotional stability\ B. Declining openness to experience\ C. Increased neuroticism\ D. Decreased conscientiousness\ **Correct Answer**: A **20. According to Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, older adults prioritize:**\ A. Expanding their network of relationships.\ B. Emotionally meaningful social interactions.\ C. Maintaining contact with peripheral relationships.\ D. Avoiding close social bonds.\ **Correct Answer**: B **21. A middle-aged parent reports increased satisfaction after their children leave home. This aligns with:**\ A. The Empty Nest Theory\ B. Levinson's Life Structure\ C. Generativity vs. Stagnation\ D. Activity Theory\ **Correct Answer**: A **22. How can an older adult maintain a sense of purpose despite physical limitations?**\ A. Focusing on what they can no longer do.\ B. Engaging in selective optimization and compensation.\ C. Avoiding social interactions altogether.\ D. Limiting their activities to routine tasks.\ **Correct Answer**: B **23. A senior volunteers at a community center and reports improved emotional well-being. This demonstrates:**\ A. Generativity in action\ B. Decline in socioemotional selectivity\ C. Loss of personal control\ D. A midlife transition\ **Correct Answer**: A **24. If a senior reports feeling lonely but remains socially active, what might be a potential cause?**\ A. Disengagement from family\ B. Lack of emotional closeness in their interactions\ C. Cognitive impairment\ D. Increased physical health issues\ **Correct Answer**: B **25. A grandparent provides daily childcare to their grandchildren. What role are they fulfilling?**\ A. Generational detachment\ B. Active grandparenting\ C. Socioemotional selectivity\ D. Midlife stability\ **Correct Answer**: B **26. What is one key finding of Vaillant's studies on adult development?**\ A. Wealth determines happiness in older age.\ B. Conscientiousness and coping skills predict well-being in later life.\ C. Aging is only determined by genetics.\ D. Marital satisfaction has no role in longevity.\ **Correct Answer**: B **27. What does the "positivity effect" refer to in aging adults?**\ A. Increasing focus on negative emotions\ B. Decreased emotional regulation\ C. Preference for recalling positive over negative information\ D. A decline in emotional capacity\ **Correct Answer**: C **28. Which statement best represents Activity Theory?**\ A. Older adults achieve satisfaction by disengaging from society.\ B. Active and engaged older adults are more satisfied with life.\ C. Physical activity has no impact on cognitive health.\ D. Emotional bonds weaken with age.\ **Correct Answer**: B **29. How does attachment anxiety change with age?**\ A. It remains stable.\ B. It decreases significantly in older adulthood.\ C. It increases as physical health declines.\ D. It is unrelated to developmental changes.\ **Correct Answer**: B **30. What is a primary focus of Socioemotional Selectivity Theory?**\ A. Increasing social networks\ B. Reducing social bonds for emotional satisfaction\ C. Disengagement from all relationships\ D. Prioritizing financial security\ **Correct Answer**: B **31. An older adult with limited physical mobility uses technology to stay connected with family. This demonstrates:**\ A. Selective Optimization with Compensation\ B. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory\ C. Activity Theory\ D. Life-Events Approach\ **Correct Answer**: A **32. A senior chooses to engage in fewer activities but devotes more time to meaningful hobbies. This reflects:**\ A. Disengagement Theory\ B. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory\ C. The positivity effect\ D. Reduced emotional regulation\ **Correct Answer**: B **33. If a middle-aged adult feels unfulfilled at work and starts mentoring others, what are they addressing?**\ A. Lack of generativity\ B. Emotional detachment\ C. Career disengagement\ D. An unstructured life event\ **Correct Answer**: A **34. A family adjusts to having a grown child return home. What might this situation be called?**\ A. Boomerang Kids\ B. The Pivot Generation\ C. Attachment Anxiety\ D. Emotional Ambivalence\ **Correct Answer**: A **35. A senior feels more satisfied with life after becoming physically active. Which theory supports this?**\ A. Activity Theory\ B. Generativity vs. Stagnation\ C. Disengagement Theory\ D. The Life-Events Approach\ **Correct Answer**: A **36. What is a key component of Erikson's eighth stage, Integrity vs. Despair?**\ A. Avoiding life review\ B. Reflecting on regrets without resolution\ C. Achieving a sense of fulfillment in life\ D. Focusing on career goals in later life\ **Correct Answer**: C **37. Which trait from the Big Five is most linked to lower mortality in late adulthood?**\ A. Neuroticism\ B. Openness\ C. Conscientiousness\ D. Extroversion\ **Correct Answer**: C **38. What does Levinson describe as a major task during middle adulthood?**\ A. Transitioning from adolescence\ B. Resolving polarities, such as being young versus old\ C. Avoiding career changes\ D. Focusing on financial independence\ **Correct Answer**: B **39. Which aspect of personality is most stable across the lifespan?**\ A. Emotional regulation\ B. Intellectual orientation\ C. Attachment anxiety\ D. Physical activity\ **Correct Answer**: B **40. What is a common challenge of the "sandwich generation"?**\ A. Managing work-life balance\ B. Caring for both children and aging parents\ C. Increased loneliness and isolation\ D. Navigating sibling relationships\ **Correct Answer**: B