Personality PDF

Personality The etymological derivative of personality comes from the word “persona”, the theatrical masks worn by Romans in Greek and Latin drama. Also comes from the two Latin words “per” and “sonare”, which literally means “to sound through”. Relatively permanent traits and unique...

Personality The etymological derivative of personality comes from the word “persona”, the theatrical masks worn by Romans in Greek and Latin drama. Also comes from the two Latin words “per” and “sonare”, which literally means “to sound through”. Relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior (Roberts & Mroczek, 2008).  Personality The overall pattern or integration of a person’s structure, modes of behavior, attitudes, aptitudes, interests, intellectual abilities, and many other distinguishable personality traits. The conglomeration of the following components: physical self, intelligence, character traits, attitudes, habits, interest, personal discipline, moral values, principles and philosophies of life.  DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY Environmental Factors Biological Factors Situational Factors Cultural Factors Environmental Factors of Personality Surroundings Neighborhood a person lives in - school, college, university and workplace Social circle - Friends, parents, colleagues, co-workers and bosses Biological Factors of Personality 1. Hereditary factors - genetic make-up of the person that inherited from their parents 2. Physical features - height, weight, color, sex, beauty and body language 3. Brain Situational and Cultural Factors of Personality The situational factors can be commonly observed when a person behaves contrastingly and exhibits different traits and characteristics. Culture is complex of these belief, values, and techniques for dealing with the environment which are shared among contemporaries and transmitted by one generation to the next. The Five-Factor Model of Personality  Big 5 Trait Definition Openness The tendency to appreciate new art, ideas, values, feelings, and behaviors. Conscientiousness The tendency to be careful, on-time for appointments, to follow rules, and to be hard working. Extraversion The tendency to be talkative, sociable, and to enjoy others; the tendency to have a dominant style. Agreeableness The tendency to agree and go along with others rather than to assert one owns opinions and choices. Neurotism The tendency to be frequently experience negative emotions such as anger, worry, and sadness, as well as being interpersonally sensitive.  WHO AM I? Answering the question 'Who am I?' can lead to a solid self-concept and self-understanding. Understanding of who you are as a person is called self-concept and understanding what your motives are when you act is called self- understanding.  SELF CONCEPT Our individual perceptions of our behavior, abilities, and unique characteristics—a mental picture of who you are as a person. For example, beliefs such as "I am a good friend" or "I am a kind person" are part of an overall self-concept.  SELF CONCEPT According to the book Essential Social Psychology by Richard Crisp and Rhiannon Turner: The individual self consists of attributes and personality traits that differentiate us from other individuals. Examples: introversion or extroversion. The relational self is defined by our relationships with significant others. Examples: siblings, friends, and spouses. The collective self reflects our membership in social groups. Examples: British, Republican, African-American, or gay.  SELF CONCEPT At its most basic, self-concept is a collection of beliefs one holds about oneself and the responses of others. It embodies the answer to the question "Who am I?".  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale Instructions: Below are phrases describing people’s behaviors. Please use the rating scale below to describe how accurately each statement describes you. Describe yourself as you generally are now, not as you wish to be in the future. Describe yourself as you honestly see yourself, in relation to other people you know of the same sex as you are, and roughly your same age. Please read each statement carefully and put a number from 1 to 5 next to it to describe how accurately the statement describes you.  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 1 = Very inaccurate 2 = Moderately inaccurate 3 = Neither inaccurate nor accurate 4 = Moderately accurate 5 = Very accurate  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 1. _______ Am the life of the party 2. _______ Sympathize with others’ feelings 3. _______ Get chores done right away 4. _______ Have frequent mood swings 5. _______ Have a vivid imagination  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 6. _______Don’t talk a lot 7. _______ Am not interested in other people’s problems 8. _______ Often forget to put things back in their proper place 9. _______ Am relaxed most of the time 10. ______ Am not interested in abstract ideas  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 11. ______ Talk to a lot of different people at parties 12. ______ Feel others’ emotions 13. ______ Like order 14. ______ Get upset easily 15. ______ Have difficulty understanding abstract ideas  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 16. ______ Keep in the background 17. ______ Am not really interested in others 18. ______ Make a mess of things 19. ______ Seldom feel blue 20. ______ Do not have a good imagination  The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale Items to be reversed in this way: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 __________ Openness: Add items 5, 10, 15, 20 __________ Conscientiousness: Add items 3, 8, 13, 18 __________ Extraversion: Add items 1, 6, 11, 16 __________ Agreeableness: Add items 2, 7, 12, 17 __________ Neuroticism: Add items 4, 9,14, 19 The Mini-IPIP (International Personality Item Pool Representation of the NEO PI R) Scale 19–20 Extremely High, 17–18 Very High, 14–16 High, 11–13 Neither high nor low; in the middle, 8–10 Low, 6–7 Very low, 4–5 Extremely low