Oman Heritage Chapter 6 PDF

College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 1 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini...

College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 1 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) Table of Contents 1. Heritage and Culture ……………………………………………………………… ….. 3 2. Historical Bahla Fort ……………………………………………………………… …... 4 3. Archoloagical Site of Bat ………………………………………………………………. 6 4. Land of Frankinces ……………………………………………………………….…….. 8 5. Land of Frankinces Musuam ………………………………………………………….. 10 6. Aflaj in Oman ………………………………………………………………..……..….. 17 7. Ancient Site of Qalhat ………………………………………………………………….. 21 8. Intangible Heritage ……………………………………………………………….…... 24 9. Comprehinsion Questions …………………………………………………………….. 27 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 2  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) Heritage and Culture § Sultanate of Oman is unique for its cultural and historical heritage which is fertile in rooted legacies that reflect extention of Omanis to enviroment and society. § In addition to the traditional activities and heritage events such as camel races, horse racing, bullfighting and/or singing arts. § The Sultanate is distinguished for its archaelogogical sites, forts and castles which stand all throughout the country. § Sultanate of Oman is a member of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] Heritage and Culture Committee. 25 November 2024 3 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 1. Historical Bahla Fort § Bahla Fort is located in Bahla in Interior Governorate (Dakhiliyah). It has been listed as a World Heritage Site (UNESCO) since 1987 and includes: Bahla Oasis with its traditional markets, ancient lanes, (falaj) water system, archaeological mosques and its 13km long wall [Sur] dating back to pre-Islamic period. § History of Bahla Fort dates go back to the third millennium BC to Nabhanids dynasty. Length of its southern wall is 112M and the eastern wall is 114M. § The Fort and property are controlled by Ministry of Heritage and Tourism. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 4  Bahla Fort Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 5  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 2. Archaeological Site of Bat § Archaeological Site of Bat is a historical site located in Bat, Al-Khatam and Al- Ain 25 km east of Ibri State, in (Al-Dhahirah) Governorate. It is [UNESCO] World Heritage Site listed in 1988 AD. § It is considered as an archaeological and historical sites dating back to the Early Bronze Age in 3rd millennium BC. § The site consisted of group of cemeteries conclude 100 tombs and a circular buildings each with a diameter of 20 meters. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 6  SITE OF BAT Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 7  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 3. Land of Frankincense § Land of Frankincense is located in Dhofar, southern of the Sultanate. The Site is a component of: Valley (wadi) of Dukah, Caravan Oasis, Shisr, and Khor Rori and Al-Baleed. It obviously illustrated trade of frankincense which had flourished the region for many centuries during ancient and medieval world. § The Site was declared by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as World Heritage in 2000 AD including: Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 8  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 3.1 Components of Frankincense Land 1. Wadi Dukah : It is located in Najd area in Dhofar governorate, about 25 km north of Salalah. It is an outstanding model area of frankincense trees growth. 2. Al-Balid: history of the wadi dates go back to 4th century BC to 5th century AD. 3. Khawr Roree (Sumhuram): 4th century BC to 5th century AD 4. Shisr: is about 170 km inland. It represented in a unique way of distribution of frankincense. Researchers dated back to the construction of this city 5,000 years ago, and had played a prominent role in the past. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 9  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 4. Land of Frankincense Museum 1. Land of Frankincense Museum is placed in Salalah, Dhofar Governorate. It is one of the most outstanding Omani historical museums, because of its cultural and historical landmarks. 2. It has multiple fascinating halls, and variety of heritage items to display. 3. There is a frankincense tree lies in the middle of the museum. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 10  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 4.1 Section of Frankincense Museum § The museum is divided into two main portions, history hall which is divided into 6 sections and marine hall which is divided into 7 sections. § History section includes: Geography of Oman, Oman in ancient times, land of Frankincense, Islam of the people in Oman, features of Omani history and renaissance of Sultanate of Oman. § Maritime hall shows the most important maritime events in Omani history and relationship with the sea and contribution of the sea in development of trade relations with other countries and skills of Omanis in the shipbuilding industry. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 11  WADI DUKAH Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 12  KHAWR AL-BALID Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 13 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 14 Land of Frankincense Museum Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 15  Land of Frankincense Museum Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 16  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 5. Aflaj (watering system) § ‘Aflaj’ is plural of ‘Falaj’ which is irrigation and watering system in Oman. This irrigation system effectively divids water supply among all inhabitants. ’Falaj’ flows by gravity from its orginal source to homes and croplands. § In July 2006 AD, the World Heritage Committee (UNESCO) approved inclusion of five Omani Falajs in the World Heritage List as an expression of the international status of this unique watering system. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 17  5.1 Aflaj Listed to [UNESCO] § ‘Falaj Dars’ which is one of the largest falajs. It is 7990 meter long, and it irrigates vast farms in Nizwa in (Al-Dakhiliyah) Governorate. § ‘Falaj Al-Khatmain’ is in Berkat Al Muz (Al-Dakhiliyah) Governorate, it has a total length of about 2450 meters. § ‘Falaj Al Malki’ is in state (wilayat) of Izki in (Al-Dakhiliyah) Governorate. This Falaj is one of the oldest falajs in the Sultanate. § ‘Falaj Al Maysar’ is in Al – Rustaq, South of (Al Batinah) Governorate, it is one of the most important falaj in state (Wilayat) of Rustaq, and is characterized by the depth of its course 5783 meter, and it has many branches. § ‘Falaj Al-Jailah’ is located in town called (Al-Jailah), in Tiwi-Sur ,South of (Al Sharkiyah) Governorate. This falaj is the main water source of the town and has a length of 161 meters. 25 November 2024 18 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini FALAJ DARS AL-KHATMAIN FALAJ AL-MALKI FALAJ Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 19  5.3 TYPES OF AFLAJ Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 20 AL MAYSAR FALAJ AL-JAILAH FALAJ AL-JAILAH FALAJ  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 6. Ancient City of Qalhat § Ancient city of Qalhat is located 20 km north of ‘Sur’ in ‘Al-Sharqiyah’ Governorate. § The city was listed as a World Heritage Site (UNESCO) in 2018 AD. § Qalhat is surrounded by inner and outer walls, as well as areas beyond the walls where tombs are located. The city developed as a major port on the east coast of Arabia between 11th and 15th centuries CE. § Ancient City bears unique archaeological level from trade links between the east coast of Arabia, East Africa, India, China and South-East Asia Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 21 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 22  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 7. Site on Tentative in [UNESCO] § Rustaq Fort and Al-Hazm Fort (1988) § Al Hallaniyyat Islands Proposed Nature Reserve (2013) § Bar Al Hakman Proposed Nature Reserve (2013) § Smahan's Mountain Nature Reserve (2013) § Al Dimaniyyat Islands Nature Reserve (2013) § Ras Al Had Turtle Reserve and the Heritage Site of Ras al Jinz (2013) § Cultural Landscape of Bisya & Salut and its Archaeological Remains (2014) Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 23  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) 8. Intangible Heritage § Among the elements that were included in the International list are: the art of bara'ah in 2010, the art of Al-Azi in 2012, the art of tighrud in 2012, the art of Al-Ayalah in 2014, the art of razafah 2015, the cultural spaces of the councils in 2015, and Arabian coffee in 2016 AD. In addition to Omani Kanjar and Horses and camels shows. (Fig. from left to right) Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 24 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 25 Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 26  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) Comprehension Questions 1. This is not Omani traditional activities and/or heritage: a. camels’ race b. horse racing c. bullfighting c. volleyball 2. Sultanate of Oman is a ……. of [UNESCO]. (noun) 3. Historical Bahla Fort is listed as a world heritage site [UNESCO] in …….. (year) 4. Historical and archaeological sites in Oman are controlled by ministry of: a. Transportation b. Communications c. Heritage and Tourism d. Education 5. Omani falajs approved by the world heritage committee [UNESCO] in …….. Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024 27  College of Engineering Dep. Professional Development & Humanities Oman History and Islamic Culture-(UHS00102) Thank You THE END 28 Best of luck on your educational journey at CoPNU ® Emended by Dr. Mubarak Al Quraini 25 November 2024