Cardiovascular System PDF

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Ariette Acevedo, O.D. BMS 2 Blood Vessels Arteries: carry blood away from the heart Veins: carry blood to the heart Carry oxygenated blood Carry deoxygenated blood 5 main types of blood vessels: Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins Cardiac Anatomy Heart is composed of...

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Ariette Acevedo, O.D. BMS 2 Blood Vessels Arteries: carry blood away from the heart Veins: carry blood to the heart Carry oxygenated blood Carry deoxygenated blood 5 main types of blood vessels: Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins Cardiac Anatomy Heart is composed of 4 chambers 2 atriums 2 ventricles Right and left Right and left 4 valves which control blood flow/regurgitation Tricuspid Valve: Right atrium and right ventricle Pulmonary Valve: right ventricle and pulmonary artery Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve: Left atrium and left ventricle Aortic Valve: Left ventricle and aorta Aorta and Pulmonary Arteries Two major vessels carry blood out of the heart Aorta carries oxygenated blood to tissue Pulmonary Artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs Vena Cava and Pulmonary Veins Two major vessels carry blood back to the heart Vena Cava (Superior and Inferior) carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart Pulmonary Veins carries oxygenated blood to the heart CARDIAC CIRCULATION Circulatory Routes Blood vessels are organized into circulatory routes Carry blood to specific organs in the body 2 main routes: Systemic Circulation Arteries and arterioles that carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to systemic capillaries Veins and venules that return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium Pulmonary Circulation Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the alveoli to become oxygenated Returns oxygenated blood to the heart through the left atrium SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION The Aorta Aorta Thoracic Aorta Abdominal Aorta Arch of the Aorta Thoracic Aorta Abdominal Aorta Coronary Sinus and Vena Cava Coronary sinus receives blood from the cardiac veins Superior vena cava receives blood from other veins superior to the diaphragm Inferior vena cava receives blood from veins inferior to the diaphragm Veins of the Circulatory System Most blood draining from the head passes into 3 pairs of veins: Internal jugular External jugular Vertebral veins In the brain all veins drain into the dural venous sinus and then into the internal jugular veins. Veins of the Upper Limbs Veins of the Thorax Veins of the Abdomen Veins of the Lower Limbs Veins of the Circulatory System PULMONARY CIRCULATION Pulmonary Circulation Adult Circulation Deoxygenated Blood Aorta Vena Cava Right Atrium Aortic Valve Systemic Tissue/Organs Tricuspid Valve Left Ventricle Right Ventricle Mitral Valve Pulmonary Valve Left Atrium Pulmonary Trunk Pulmonary Veins Lungs