Cardiac Glycoside - PDF

 Cardiac glycosides are a class of organic compounds that increase the output force of the heart and increase its rate of contractions by acting on the cellular sodium-potassium ATPase pump.  They are selective steroidal glycosides and are important drugs for the treatment of hea...

 Cardiac glycosides are a class of organic compounds that increase the output force of the heart and increase its rate of contractions by acting on the cellular sodium-potassium ATPase pump.  They are selective steroidal glycosides and are important drugs for the treatment of heart failure and cardiac rhythm disorders. 1st IBCCEPR May 4-5, 2024 Babylon, Iraq  Cardiac glycoside all share the basic steroidal nucleus cyclopentaphenanthrene , a tetracyclic aromatic structure  Cyclopentaphenanthrene structure consist of two part :  Three fused benzene ring (phenanthrene )  Five membered cyclopentane ring 1st IBCCEPR May 4-5, 2024 Babylon, Iraq Cardiac glycosides divided to groups: Cardenolides (23 C) :which is contain 5 membered un saturated lactone ring at C-17 position of steroid nucleus e.g. Digoxine from foxglove and Oliandrin from oleander or rosebay Bufadienolides (24 C) : which is contain 6 member lactone ring at C-17 position of steroid nucleus e.g. scillarenin ,obtain from Squill ( rodenticide) 1st IBCCEPR May 4-5, 2024 Babylon, Iraq scientific name :Digitalis purpurea Active ingredient :digoxin fammily: Plantaginaceae scientific name : Nerium oleander Active ingredient :oleandrin fammily: Apocynaceae  At C-17 position alpha or beta unsaturated lactone ring  At C-14 position OH  The ring junction as :  AB ring is cis  BC ring trans  CD ring cis  At C-3 beta – sugar part ( glucose –rhamnose –digitoxose)