Imperialism & World War 1 Review PDF

# Imperialism & World War 1 Review ## Imperialism **1. What does imperialism mean?** **2. What were the reasons for the United States to imperialize?** ## Story of Hawaii in Your Words **3. Why Hawaii?** **What causes Hawaii to become a territory?** **4. What is Yellow Journalism? What is...

# Imperialism & World War 1 Review ## Imperialism **1. What does imperialism mean?** **2. What were the reasons for the United States to imperialize?** ## Story of Hawaii in Your Words **3. Why Hawaii?** **What causes Hawaii to become a territory?** **4. What is Yellow Journalism? What is its purpose?** **5. What were the reasons for the start of the Spanish American War?** **6. "Highlights" of the war?** **7. What countries did the US collect after the Spanish American War? What are those countries statuses' now?** **8. What were the MAIN causes of World War 1?** **9. What is significant about the following factors leading to America joining the Allies?** * Lusitania and unrestricted submarine warfare: * Zimmerman Note: * Revolution in Russia: **10. How did America prepare for the war?** **11. How involved was the government in overseeing the war effort? What examples do you have?** **12. How did Wilson "sell" the war to the American people?** **13. How did the US pay for and gain support for the war?** **14. What social effects did World War 1 have on people of color and women?** **15. What evidence can you provide that shows the US was not favorable to the 1st amendment during WW1?** **16. What were the main ideas behind Wilson's Fourteen points?** **17. What were the weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles?** ## US Imperialism: The US Expands an Empire ### Imperialism Defined: Imperialism: the policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, and/or military control over weaker territories * **Africa:** * Other worlds' empires had already made it incredibly difficult to get in * Not as desirable because of Europeans' struggles with native peoples * **China:** * US is late to the game * **Open Door Policy:** It called for protection of equal privileges for all countries trading with China and for the support of Chinese territorial and administrative integrity * John Hay (Sec. of State) to G. Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Japan, Russia * **South America:** * **Monroe Doctrine (1823):** Policy of US opposition to any European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere ### Why Imperialize? * **Economic interests**: * _Capitalism runs on the idea of "expand or explode."_ * _The US is producing more than it can sell to its people._ * _Thirst for new markets (countries to purchase goods) and raw materials (i.e. rubber, oil, sugar)_ * **Military Strategy:** * **Great White Fleet:** T. Roosevelt's new navy * **Capt. Alfred Mahan, _The Influence of Sea Power upon History_**: * _Powerful navy and overseas bases were essential for national security and global interest._ * **Cultural Superiority:** * _It was the duty to spread democracy and Christianity to “lesser" cultures._ * *"Is there room for reasonable doubt that this race, unless devitalized by alcohol and tobacco, is destined to dispossess many weaker races, assimilate others, and mold the remainder, until, in a very true and important sense, it has Anglo-Saxonized mankind?”* _(Strong,. Rev. Josiah, _Our Country: Its Possible Future_) * **White Man's Burden:** Rudyard Kipling's most famous poem highlighting the benefits of imperialism on native countries. ### Resources: 49th State * **Alaskan Purchase (1867):** * **William Seward (Sec. of State):** * 663,000 sq. mi. from Russia for $7.2 million ($125 million today) * _Ridiculed for it. Called “Seward's Folly", "Seward's Icebox"_ * Provides: timber, oil, minerals (gold), natural gas ### Why Hawaii? * **Location:** * Naval port in middle of Pacific * **Missionaries wanted the souls** * **Climate/resources:** * Sugar in demand * **World pressure:** * Russia, Japan, Great Britain were already eyeing it * Concessions (money) already being sent ### Conquest of Hawaii? * **Sugar planters run the show** * Consists of 3¼ islands wealth * **McKinley Tariff:** Eliminated duty (tariff)-free status * **Queen Liliuokalani v. the US** * John L. Stevens & Sanford Dole (tycoons) lead a revolution with private army * **Pres. Cleveland feels bad:** * Sent a new US. minister to Hawaii to restore the queen * _Criticized as obstacle to Manifest Destiny_ * _Dole refused to step aside_ and instead proclaimed the independent Republic of Hawaii. * _Unwilling to overthrow the government by force, he accepted Hawaii as US territory._ ## WWI ### Main Causes for WWI * **M-ilitarism:** * New military technologies * Arms race between countries * Glorification of war * **A-lliances:** * Agreements to aide each other if attacked * Most nations sign secret alliances * **Allies & Central Powers** (Image of a Diagram): [DESCRIBE THE DIAGRAM HERE - please include what each symbol represents and where countries are located on the diagram] ### Imperialism * Competition for colonies * Many smaller wars over territory ### Nationalism * French-German border conflicts * Ethnic nationalism in the Balkans ### America Joining War * Most of America is isolationist * President Wilson campaigns on keeping America out of war ### Sinking of Lusitania * Germany declared “unrestricted submarine warfare.” * _Lusitania sunk by German U-boat in 1915._ * _Kills 1000 & 130 Americans._ ### The Zimmerman Telegram * Secret message from Germany to Mexico * Proposes an alliance against the US * _Mexico would declare war on America and get lost territory after victory._ * Causes an outrage in America. ***Congress officially declared war on Germany in April 1917.*** ### The 14 Points 1. Woodrow Wilson's plan for a long lasting peace 2. Conflicts with Europeans desire to punish Germany ### The Treaty of Versailles **Germany**: 1. Forced to accept full responsibility for war 2. Loses all its territories 3. Must pay reparation payments to the Allies 4. Must only have a very limited military ### Mandate System: 1. Great Britain and France divide up Middle East 2. British take Iraq, Jordan, and Palestine 3. France takes Syria and Lebanon ## WWI Propaganda Posters ### Common Objectives: * **Recruitment of soldiers or other wartime personnel, either through a draft or voluntary enlistment.** * **Financing the war**