Cell Structure PDF

Cell Structure Learning Objectives  I can explain the role of the cell nucleus.  I can identify the cellular structures that make and transport proteins and other macromolecules.  I can distinguish the functions of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the cytoplasm.  I can compare the roles of chloropl...

Cell Structure Learning Objectives  I can explain the role of the cell nucleus.  I can identify the cellular structures that make and transport proteins and other macromolecules.  I can distinguish the functions of vacuoles, lysosomes, and the cytoplasm.  I can compare the roles of chloroplasts and mitochondria.  I can describe the role of the cell membrane. Cell Structure Pre-Assessment. Kahoot hm.  https://create.kahoot.it/creator/c14bd5e4-7faf-458b-b47a-2 e689192da90  https://create.kahoot.it/preview/c14bd5e4-7faf-458b-b47a- 2e689192da90  Task 3: Both factories and cells need to bring in raw materials and get rid of waste. Contribute to a list of distinct structures and functions depicted in the cell “factory”. Why is each structure-function pair necessary for the factory to produce its intended product? Draw and label a simple factory, such an industrial style Bakery, label as many areas with factory names and their cell analogy. Analogy Exploring Cell Organelles Interactivity Cell structure 15 min. Nucleus The nucleus controls most cell processes and contains DNA. Animal Cell Plant Cell Question 1 Do we find the same nucleus in the prokaryotic cells? Then, how is the DNA contained ? Describe the function of each: Nuclear membrane: Nuclear pores: Nucleolus: Organelles That Build Proteins 1. Proteins are assembled on ribosomes. 2. Some proteins complete their assembly on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 3. Proteins are carried to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. Question2: Describe what do you see?  What happens first? What happens next? What happens next? Ribosomes are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in all cells. Ribosomes assemble proteins by following coded instructions that come from DNA. Proteins targeted for export to the cell membrane or to specialized locations within the cell complete their assembly on ribosomes bound to the rough ER. Protein gets fed into the rough ER. Protein ends up in a vesicle. Newly assembled proteins are carried from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. Organelles That Build Proteins 5. Vesicles are shipped to their final destination. 4. The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages proteins. Question 3: What does the vesicle do? What happens next? Try it yourself! And Than Answer.  One student have a bag or a box of small items.  Another student have a bunch of loose items in her hand that are not easy to hold, like a large quantity of paperclips or bouncy balls.  Have the students do a simple task, like take the items to another location in the room.  Answer: Why is it better for a cell to transport materials using vesicles than without? The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum. Vesicles are sent to different places. vesicles from the Golgi apparatus are shipped to their final destination within or out of the cell. Making Proteins: Review Rough endoplasmic Nucleus reticulum Ribosome Cell membrane Cytoplasm Protein Smooth Vesicle Golgi endoplasmic apparatus reticulum Task1 Where are proteins assembled? What can you infer about a cell that is packed with more than the typical number of ribosomes? Where is the synthesis of membrane proteins completed? Task 2: How are proteins transported to the Golgi apparatus? What happens to proteins leaving the Golgi apparatus? Create flowcharts summarizing the role of each of the following cellular structures in protein synthesis: nucleus, nuclear envelope, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, vacuole, and cell membrane. Reminder, proteins can follow multiple processing paths depending on their destination, so the flowcharts may branch at some points. Vacuoles, Vesicles, and Lysosomes Animal Cell Plant Cell Question 4 What is likely true about the vacuoles of a wilting plant? Explain your answer. Find the function of contractile vacuole. Cytoskeleton Differentiate between, Microfilaments (pale purple) and microtubules (yellow) Microtubules  Chloroplasts Chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight and convert it into food that contains chemical energy. Plant Cell What type of cells contain chloroplasts? Mitochondria Mitochondria convert chemical energy from food into compounds the cell can use. This process is called cellular respiration. Cellular Boundaries Cell Membranes Cell Walls Cell Membranes