BCULT 110 topic No. 5.pptx

Safe work practices for everyone The human body is healthiest when it is moving. Working in the same position for long periods of time should be avoided. Here are some easy ways to maximize comfort and reduce the risk of injury whatever your job.  the workstation Take regular breaks from your w...

Safe work practices for everyone The human body is healthiest when it is moving. Working in the same position for long periods of time should be avoided. Here are some easy ways to maximize comfort and reduce the risk of injury whatever your job.  the workstation Take regular breaks from your workstation – at least every 30 minutes. Vary tasks so you are not keying for extended periods of time. Change your posture as frequently as practical. Avoid eye strain when using the computer: focus on an object in the distance at least 6 meters every 10 – 15 minutes. Take your lunch break away from your desk, preferably going for a walk outside for 15 – 20 minutes. Make sure your chair is adjusted to support your lower back – use safe sitting posture. Make sure that your chair is in good working order – do not use a chair that needs maintenance. Learn to touch type (less repetitive movement for your neck). Switch the computer mouse to the other hand regularly. In general  Keep hydrated and drink plenty of water  Reduce clutter in your work and storage areas – you’ll work in amore organized way, feel less pressured and avoid trips and falls.  Switch tasks if possible to manage repetitive tasks. This will keep your body and you mind fresh.  Change your method of doing repetitive by using a different body part or different muscles, such as switching hands. General Safety Workers should always be aware of their surroundings. Is there adequate light? Are there any tripping hazards which need to be addressed ? Are furnishings and equipment free from defect? Are Material Safety Data sheets readily available and used? The list goes on …To be safe, you must understand what “safe” is. Fire and Electrical Hazards Prevention and Safety An organization that ignores fire and electrical codes does so at its own risk and faces the possibility of losses of epic proportions. Fire extinguishers should be readily available, tested regularly and their operation should be explain to every employee. Fire alarms must be in working order and inspected on a routine basis; and fire drills need to be a regular part of normal operations. These fire drills should be both planned and unplanned to gauge their effectiveness. Electrical outlets and circuitry should be available in proportion to their need and should not be overloaded. Electrical panels should be properly labeled and flammable or combustible materials should not be  GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL(HOUSEKEEPING) General Environmental Control (Housekeeping) An organization should strive to have a place for everything and see to it that things are kept in their place. Uncorrected, housekeeping concerns create a definite risk for injury and loss of productivity. Flooring needs to be observed on a regular basis and problems such as liquid spills, snow and rain and deteriorated conditions need to be corrected as quickly as possible. Waste receptacles need to be emptied regularly and trash that doesn’t “hit the can” needs to be picked up. Work and storage areas need to be kept clean of debris or clutter. 5’S: The Practice of Good Housekeeping What is 5S? 5S is a systematized approach to organized work areas, keep rules and standards, and maintain the discipline needed to do an excellent job. - Is it just another “ cleaning” campaign? -...No – 5S is a way to set a new standard that we all agree on and helps us get the discipline we need to maintain it. … these are sustained improvements.... this is the end of one-shot cleaning campaign. First S SEIRI - SORT (MAG-URI) MANGUKAY “Take out unnecessary items and dispose”. SEIRI - SORT (MAG-URI) MANGUKAY has two main goals: Remove unnecessary objects Reduce waste  SEIRI - SORT (MAG-URI) MANGUKAY Look around and dispose all unnecessary items. Eliminate obstacles to make work easy. Eliminate the need to take care of unnecessary items. Provide no chance of being disturbed with unnecessary items. Prevent accumulation of unnecessary items. If you and your colleagues cannot decide if an item is necessary or unnecessary, put a “Disposal Notice” with the date on the item, and set the item aside. Use “Stock Cards” for an inventory of office supplies After a period, say three months, check if someone needed the item or not. A. Sell to outside the company B. Move to other section where the item is needed C. Throw it away, or dispose as garbage D. It is better to make people know who has the authority for disposal E. Make known to the people where to return excessive stock of materials and supplies. F. Look at every corner like when you’re looking for cockroaches.  SEITON - SYSTEMATIZE (MAG-AYOS) MANGHIMOS “Arrange necessary items in good order for use”. The goal of SEITON - SYSTEMATIZE (MAG-AYOS) MANGHIMOS is that everything should be stored “conveniently”. In practice, this means: Store tools where they will be used The more frequently it is used, the closer it should be kept Reduce clutter by storing rarely-used tools farther away Make it easy to fetch and retrieve items The worker should not bend, stoop or stretch frequently The worker should not have to twist or change direction after lifting a heavy object Keep work pathways smooth and clear Avoid having to lift one object over another Avoid having to move an object several times because it gets in the way 5S practitioners may describe three zones for storage: Keep the most frequently-used tools right at the workbench: Handy Visible Easy to reach Easy to put back when not needed Daily or monthly tools might be kept somewhere near the equipment, but not in the way Try hanging tools on a rack – clearly outline and label each hanger for its own tool Consider using a storage cabinet to keep dust and grime off the tool These storage areas should still be visible from the area of the work station Rarely-used tools or spare parts could be stored away from the shop floor Try using a storage room Third S SEISO -SWEEP (MAGLINIS) MANGLIMPYO “Clean your workplace” The two goals of the SEISO -SWEEP (MAGLINIS) MANGLIMPYO step are: To set the new standard for cleanliness To learn how to maintain that level of cleanliness SEISO - SWEEP (MAGLINIS) MANGLIMPYO Do not wait until things get dirty. Clean your workplace, including machines and equipment, tools and furniture, regularly. A. Remove dusts & cobwebs from walls B. Paint walls & ceilings with appropriate colors C. Prepare cleaning schedules & assign a person responsible for equipment & maintenance of an area or storage SEISO - SWEEP (MAGLINIS) MANGLIMPYO Points to remember: Put aside 3 minutes every day for SEISO. You and your colleagues should be responsible for the work area around you. Never throw anything and make it your habit. Cleaning is also checking. Fourth S Seiketsu – (MAGPANATILI) MAG-SIGE “Standardized Cleanup” Seiketsu is the fourth step of the 5S method. It means “standardized cleanup”. It derives from the one-time Seiso step which made the factory “shiny clean” and set the standard for cleanliness. Seiketsu makes it possible and feasible to live up to that standard. So as not to waste your efforts, do not stop after implementing initial 3S’s. 1. Make a schedule for cleaning of your workplace. 2. Interdepartmental competition / 5S Evaluation Sheet A. Indicate the name(s) of the person who is responsible for the work area and for the machine. B. Regular inspection and evaluation by a 5S committee. C. Do not only criticize poor cases, but also praise and commend good practices or good performers. Fifth S SHITSUKE- SELF-DISCIPLINE(MAGKAROON NG SARILING DISIPLINA) MAGDISIPLINA SA KAUGALINGON “Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered”. Shitsuke is the fifth and final step of the 5S method. It means “sustain” or “sustained discipline”. It is a Japanese word that carries a wealth of cultural meaning: Discipline and training imposed upon a person: Children are taught by their parents to brush their teeth after every meal Self-discipline: Children grow into adults who brush their teeth after every meal Shared cultural self-discipline: Everyone is expected to brush their teeth after every meal Personal discipline to continually practice and improve: Golfers practice putts and drives – they do not simply play a round on the weekend without practicing in between SHITSUKE - SELF-DISCIPLINE(MAGKAROON NG SARILING DISIPLINA) MAGDISIPLINA SA KAUGALINGON “CLAYGO” Clean As You Go Go Eat and smoke at designated areas Keep workplace always clean & tidy Wear clean uniform & shoes Follow safety rules Put things back in their proper place after use Work according to standards Importance of 5S QUALITY - Prevent errors PRODUCTIVITY - Eliminate wastes SAFETY - Prevent accidents EQUIPMENT - Eliminate maintenance RELIABILITY - breakdowns INDIVIDUAL BENEFITS OF 5S - 5S Makes Your Workplace More Pleasant - 5S Makes you Work More Efficient - 5S Improves Your Safety - 5S Improves Quality of Your Work and Your Products COMPANY BENEFITS OF 5S 5S increases PRODUCTION 5S improves QUALITY 5S reduces COSTS 5S makes DELIVERY on time 5S improves SAFETY 5S improves MORALE KEY POINTS TO SUSTAIN 5S Management: Set standards and processes (including task lists and schedules) based on the prior 5S stages (Seiso and Seiketsu), if this was not already accomplished Introduce an audit process Introduce a certification program Inspect and enforce while the workforce is becoming accustomed to the new procedures, paying extra attention to the less-frequent cleanup tasks Train new employees to follow the procedures; and also provide the reasons for 5S Provide resources – tool racks, cleaning supplies, repairs, signage, storage areas, and the time required for weekly and infrequent cleaning Continue communicating the 5S message in person and using appropriate media such as posters or newsletters, as well as posting the photographs from the one-time Seiso clean-up Encourage continuous improvement by accepting suggestions on topics such as: better places to store tools; more efficient sequences of tasks; how to avoid creating dirt in the first place Hold regular “family visit” days, to reinforce the employees’ pride in making their workplace efficient, safe and tidy Employees: The 5S process should be a boost for morale and mutual respect: common tools are cleaned and stored properly; work benches and machines are tidy at the end of a shift; and everyone shares the responsibility and the achievement Make suggestions to improve the processes Help each other by visually inspecting each others’ work areas Notes on Sustaining 5S - A checklist is a powerful tool. It is a task list, it provides evidence that the tasks have been completed, but it also is physical evidence that management is serious about the tasks. This helps the company “walk the talk” that 5S is important. - Ongoing communication is also important. Communication is only effective if the message is clear and well understood. The best communication will also be easily and quickly understood. - For safety, standardize signs that point out hazards. (The “red circle with a diagonal slash” is commonly used for “don’t do this”; alternating yellow and black lines use a wasp’s color scheme to indicate a hazard). Use consistent signs where the messages are similar.