Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety PDF

Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety dR. ORLANDO M. MALACA  Intended Learning Outcomes At the end of this module, students would be able to: TOPIC TITLE TOPIC OBJECTIVE Occupational Health and Explain Occupa...

Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety dR. ORLANDO M. MALACA  Intended Learning Outcomes At the end of this module, students would be able to: TOPIC TITLE TOPIC OBJECTIVE Occupational Health and Explain Occupational Health and Safety, its scope, and its key Safety principles. Occupational Safety and Explain the OHS Standards as promulgated by the Department Health Standards of Labor and Employment. Occupational Safety in the Explain the importance of OHS in the workplace. Workplace Definitions Occupational health and safety (OHS) generally defined as the science of the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of hazards arising in or from the workplace that could impair the health and well-being of workers, taking into account the possible impact on the surrounding communities and the general environment. Ohs is a discipline concerned with preserving and protecting human resources in the workplace. Definition of Occupational Health  Occupational health deals with all aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on the primary prevention of hazards.  The health of the workers has several determinants, including risk factors at the workplace leading to cancers, accidents, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory diseases, hearing loss, circulatory diseases, stress-related disorders, and communicable diseases, and others. Scope OHS is a discipline with a broad scope involving many specialized fields. It encompasses: MENTAL SOCIAL PHYSICAL OHS is vast encompassing many disciplines and work hazards. Components of Promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations. Occupational Prevention among workers of departures from health caused Health by their working conditions As per the definition adopted by Protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting the Joint ILO/WHO Committee from factors adverse to health, and on Occupational Health (1950), occupational health is the adaptation of work to man and Placing and maintenance of a worker in an occupational of each man to his job. It has the environment adapted to his physiological and psychological following components: equipment.  The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) under Article 162 of the Labor Code of the Philippines promulgated the Occupational Safety and Health Standards for the guidance and compliance of all concerned. This body of standards rules and regulations are referred to as "STANDARDS." Occupational Purpose and Scope Health Standards  The objective of this Standards is to protect every workingman against the dangers of injury, sickness, or in the Philippines death through safe and healthful working conditions, thereby assuring the conservation of valuable manpower resources and the prevention of loss or damage to lives and properties, consistent with national development goals and with the State’s commitment for the total development of every worker as a complete human being.  This Standards shall apply to all places of employment except as otherwise provided in this Standard.  The Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) under Article 162 of the Labor Code of the Philippines promulgated the Occupational Safety and Health Standards for the guidance and compliance of all concerned. This body of standards rules and regulations are referred to as "STANDARDS." Occupational Purpose and Scope Health Standards  The objective of this Standards is to protect every workingman against the dangers of injury, sickness, or death through safe and in the Philippines healthful working conditions, thereby assuring the conservation of valuable manpower resources and the prevention of loss or damage to lives and properties, consistent with national development goals and with the State’s commitment for the total development of every worker as a complete human being.  This Standards shall apply to all places of employment except as otherwise provided in this Standard.  DOLE shall administer and enforce the provisions of this Standards.  Every employer shall give to the Secretary or his duly authorized representative access to its premises and records for the purpose of determining compliance with the provisions of this Standards.  Every establishment or place of employment shall be inspected at least once a year to determine compliance with the provisions of this Standards.  The enforcement officer shall determine reasonable periods of compliance with recommendations depending on the gravity of the hazards needing corrections or the period needed to com into compliance with the order. Fundamental Objectives of OHS ensure that health and safety is accessible to every worker employed in any sector across the economy. (WHO) included elements of occupational health in its policy. (WHO, 1995, p.3), According to the 1. Strengthening of international and national policies for health at work and developing the necessary policy tools document, Global 2. Development of healthy work environment Strategy on 3. Development of healthy work practices and promotion of Occupational Health health at work for All, the ten high 4. Strengthening of OHS Establishing support services for occupational health priority objectives 5. 6. Development of occupational health standards based on proposed by the scientific risk assessment strategy are as 7. Development of human resources for occupational health follows: 8. Establishment of registration and data systems, development of information services for experts, effective transmission of data, and raising of public awareness through public information 9. Strengthening of research 10. Development of collaboration in occupational health with other activities and services   Strengthening of international and national policies for health at work and developing the necessary policy tools (WHO, 1995, p.3),  Development of healthy work environment According to the Development of healthy work practices and promotion of document, Global  health at work Strategy on  Strengthening of OHS Occupational  Establishing support services for occupational health Health for All, the  Development of occupational health standards based on ten high priority scientific risk assessment objectives  Development of human resources for occupational health proposed by the  Establishment of registration and data systems, development strategy are as of information services for experts, effective transmission of data, and raising of public awareness through public follows: information  Strengthening of research  Development of collaboration in occupational health with other activities and services Principles of OHS according to ILO (INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE, GENEVA) Occupational health and safety policies All workers have rights. must be established. There is a need for consultation with Prevention and protection must be the the social partners (that is, employers aim of OHS programs and policies. and workers) and other stakeholders.  Principles of OHS according to ILO Information is vital for the Compensation, rehabilitation, and curative Occupational health services development and services must be made available to workers covering all workers should be implementation of effective who suffer occupational injuries, accidents, established. programs and policies. and work-related diseases. Education and training are vital Health promotion is a central Workers, employers, and competent components of safe, healthy element of occupational health authorities have certain responsibilities, working environments. practice. duties, and obligations. Policies must be enforced. Occupational Safety in the Workplace Addressing concerns like worker's health, safety measures within the workplace, a pleasant and secure working environment, policies or systems contributing to an employee's physical, social and psychological well-being. Thus, approaching the workplace or occupation from the perspective of health and safety is a crucial requirement and is the very basis of OHS. The environment of the workplace has an impact on the individual's socio-psychological health, which has an impact on the overall output. Human relationship in the Workplace How do men behave with women at the workplace? How is the behavior of an employer towards his or her employee? Does any employee face various forms of harassment (sexual harassment or bullying)? Does the workplace have policies such as a health and safety policy, prevention of sexual harassment policy, and other policies, which ensure that everyone working the workplace is secure and is free from stress? Occupational Safety in the Workplace The employer is responsible for the safety make sure that the work is safe and does not involve any danger or hazard to the worker’s health worker must be given sufficient information about the hazards and risks at the workplace and taught safe ways of working worker must be given the necessary work equipment and personal protectors, and guidance in how to use them the employer makes sure that the foreman as well as the person doing the work are qualified for it and have enough work experience Working in a team does not lessen the employer’s obligations and the supervisor is still responsible for safety matters Occupational Safety in the Workplace Occupational Safety at the common workplace The employers must see to it that everyone is given enough information and instructions, and knowledge of the measures needed to tackle the hazards in the work, for instance, fire safety, first aid, and rescue maneuvers The employer takes care of the safety training of his own employees. The firm purchasing the maintenance services is responsible for instructing the workers about the risks of the work and the dangers at the workplace. Occupational Safety in the Workplace Preventing Hazards at work The employers and independent workers must inform each other about the hazards in their own activities, and how to eliminate them. They can then agree on the necessary rescue and safety measures. Occupational Safety in the Workplace The workers’ obligations  The worker must carry out the work tasks with care, and follow the instructions given by the employer.  If the worker notices hazards or neglects in safety, which he or she is unable to eliminate for some reason, such as lack of possibilities or technical skills, the worker must report these to the supervisor and the occupational safety delegate of the workplace.  The worker has the right to get feedback concerning the reported hazard. Any questions? Any questions?  BASIC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION 1  2 13 Shocking Construction Injury Statistics Published November 4th, 2014 by Rachel Burger in Construction Management As the construction industry changes and develops new safety protocols, it’s tough to keep up with what injury statistics continue to hold true today. There are 13 surprising construction injury statistics that reveal the state of the industry today.  3 13 Shocking Construction Injury Statistics Published November 4th, 2014 by Rachel Burger in Construction Management 1.One in ten construction workers are injured every year. (Source: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration) 2. Over the course of a 45-year career, a construction worker has a 1 in 200 chance of dying. (Source: Safety + Health)  4 13 Shocking Construction Injury Statistics Published November 4th, 2014 by Rachel Burger in Construction Management 3. Falls are the greatest cause of fatal construction injuries. (Source: The Center for Construction Research and Training)  5 13 Shocking Construction Injury Statistics Published November 4th, 2014 by Rachel Burger in Construction Management 4. The most-violated OSHA standard is fall protection. (Source: The Occupational Safety and Health Administration) 5. The job with the highest injury rates in the construction industry is ironwork. (Source: AOL)  6 13 Shocking Construction Injury Statistics Published November 4th, 2014 by Rachel Burger in Construction Management 6. In 2012, Maine had