Basic Fiqh PDF
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2014
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This document is a book on Basic Fiqh. It covers topics like cleanliness, prayer, and Islamic practices. It's published by Jamiatul Ulama (KZN).
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No Copyright (ɔ) Title: Basic Fiqh Published by: Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Ta’limi Board 4 Third Avenue P.O. Box 26024 Isipingo Beach 4115 South Africa Tel: Fax: E-mail: Website: (+27) 31 912 2172 - Ext: 209 (+27) 31 902 9268 [email protected] www.talimiboardkzn.org First Edition: Shabaan 143...
No Copyright (ɔ) Title: Basic Fiqh Published by: Jamiatul Ulama (KZN) Ta’limi Board 4 Third Avenue P.O. Box 26024 Isipingo Beach 4115 South Africa Tel: Fax: E-mail: Website: (+27) 31 912 2172 - Ext: 209 (+27) 31 902 9268 [email protected] www.talimiboardkzn.org First Edition: Shabaan 1432 / July 2011 Second Edition: Muharram 1436 / November 2014 Permission is granted for reprinting this booklet without any alterations. A humble appeal is made to the readers to offer suggestions/corrections to improve the quality of this publication. May Allah Ta’ala reward you for this. The author, translators, editors and typesetters humbly request your duas for them, their parents, families, asaatiza and mashaaikh. i Contents Introduction.................................................................................................... 1 Part 1 ................................................................................................................ 2 Cleanliness ...................................................................................................... 3 Water ............................................................................................................ 3 The Toilet .................................................................................................... 3 Etiquettes of the toilet ............................................................................... 4 Najaasat (impurity)........................................................................................ 7 There are 5 types of Najaasat (impurity): .............................................. 7 Cleansing of Najaasat ............................................................................... 7 Definitions ....................................................................................................... 8 Wudhu ........................................................................................................... 10 Faraaidh of wudhu .................................................................................. 10 Sunnah method of making wudhu ....................................................... 11 When does one have to make wudhu? ................................................ 13 Acts that Break wudhu ........................................................................... 13 Ghusal (Bath) ................................................................................................ 15 Faraaidh of ghusal ................................................................................... 15 Sunnah Method of ghusal ...................................................................... 15 Occasions when ghusal becomes compulsory .................................... 15 Aadaab (Etiquettes) of ghusal................................................................ 16 Tayammum ................................................................................................... 18 There are three compulsory acts in Tayammum: .............................. 18 Method of making Tayammum ............................................................ 18 ii A person will be allowed to make Tayammum in the following cases............................................................................................................ 19 Items with which a person can make Tayammum............................ 20 Things that break Tayammum .............................................................. 20 Masah on Khuffain ...................................................................................... 22 Duration of Masah ................................................................................... 22 Method of making Masah ...................................................................... 23 Actions that break Masah ...................................................................... 23 Azaan (The call to Salaah) ......................................................................... 25 The wording of the Azaan ..................................................................... 25 The Muazzin (One who calls out the azaan) ...................................... 27 Etiquettes for calling out the Azaan ..................................................... 27 Replying to the Azaan ............................................................................. 28 Iqaamah ......................................................................................................... 29 Words of Iqaamah ................................................................................... 29 Salaah ............................................................................................................. 30 The Virtues of Salaah .............................................................................. 30 Benefits of Salaah..................................................................................... 31 The names & times of the five daily Salaah ....................................... 31 The Seven Conditions before Salaah .................................................... 33 Very important ......................................................................................... 33 Faraaidh of Salaah ................................................................................... 34 Actions that break Salaah....................................................................... 34 Practical method of performing a two rakaat Salaah........................ 36 Tashah-hud ............................................................................................... 38 iii Durood-e-Ibraaheem ............................................................................... 38 Dua after Durood-e-Ibraaheem ............................................................. 39 Differences in the Salaah of Females ................................................... 40 Salaah Chart.............................................................................................. 42 Sajdatus Sahwu............................................................................................ 46 Method of making Sajdatus Sahwu: ..................................................... 46 Salaah with Jamaat ..................................................................................... 48 Masbooq (late comer) ................................................................................ 50 Qadhaa Salaah ............................................................................................. 52 Musaafir (traveller) ...................................................................................... 54 Part 2 .............................................................................................................. 56 The Day of Jumuah ..................................................................................... 57 Etiquettes on the Day of Jumuah .......................................................... 57 Salaatul Jumuah ....................................................................................... 58 The Khutbah ............................................................................................. 58 Jumuah consists of 14 rakaats:............................................................... 59 Things not allowed during the Jumuah Khutbah .............................. 59 Saum (Fasting) ............................................................................................. 61 What intention should one make for fasting? .................................... 61 Sehri and Iftaar ......................................................................................... 62 People exempted from fasting in Ramadhaan .................................... 64 Things that break the fast....................................................................... 64 Things that don’t break the fast ............................................................ 64 Types of Fast ............................................................................................. 65 Kaffarah and Qadhaa fasts ..................................................................... 67 iv Taraaweeh..................................................................................................... 70 I’tikaaf ............................................................................................................. 72 Things permitted during I’tikaaf ........................................................... 72 I’tikaaf for women ................................................................................... 72 The Day of Eid .............................................................................................. 72 Etiquettes to observe on the day of Eid ............................................... 72 Rules concerning the Eid Salaah ........................................................... 74 Method of performing Eid Salaah......................................................... 74 Sadaqatul Fitr ............................................................................................... 77 Rules regarding Sadaqatul Fitr .............................................................. 77 Qurbaani ........................................................................................................ 79 Importance of Qurbaani ......................................................................... 79 Warning for not carrying out Qurbaani .............................................. 80 On whom is Qurbaani Waajib?............................................................. 80 Animals which can be slaughtered for Qurbaani .............................. 82 Rules pertaining to the Qurbaani animal ............................................ 82 Rules pertaining to zabah (slaughtering) ............................................. 83 Zakaat ............................................................................................................. 85 What is Zakaat? ....................................................................................... 85 The punishment for not giving zakaat ................................................. 85 Some benefits of giving Zakaat ............................................................. 86 Types of wealth on which zakaat is fardh .......................................... 86 Nisaab ........................................................................................................ 88 General rules regarding Zakaat............................................................. 88 Who can accept Zakaat? ......................................................................... 89 v Hajj .................................................................................................................. 91 Few rules pertaining to Hajj .................................................................. 91 Umrah ............................................................................................................ 93 Halaal and Haraam ...................................................................................... 95 Halaal Animals ......................................................................................... 95 Haraam Animals ...................................................................................... 96 Few rules pertaining to things that are permissible and impermissible ............................................................................................ 97 Income which is Haraam ........................................................................... 99 Sins pertaining to the limbs of the body ............................................... 99 Sins related to the heart .......................................................................... 99 Sins related to the tongue ..................................................................... 100 Sins related to the stomach .................................................................. 100 Sins related to the private parts........................................................... 100 Sins related to the hands....................................................................... 101 Sins related to the legs .......................................................................... 101 Sins related to the whole body ............................................................ 101 Islamic Months ........................................................................................... 102 vi U Introduction All Praise be to Allah Ta’ala, The Master of the worlds. May Allah Ta’ala’s special blessings, mercies and salawaat descend upon our beloved master Sayyidina, Rasulullah forever and ever. The Basic ‘ilm (knowledge of Deen) is the weapon of every believer. Without knowing what is right from wrong, man will never be able to save himself from evil and sin. Without the knowledge of Deen, man is a vulnerable victim of shaytaan. The primary maktab system is designed to equip the children of the Ummah, with the basic knowledge of Deen, which will carry them along for the rest of their lives in the obedience of Allah Ta’ala and in following the sunnah of Rasulullah . This book titled ‘Basic Fiqh’ is designed to teach little children the basic Islamic laws according to the teachings and the Fiqh of Hadhrat Imaam Abu Hanifah . An attempt has been made to cover the basic but very important aspects of Fiqh in this little booklet (Insha Allah). Though many books of Fiqh are currently available, the intention in preparing this little booklet was to present some basic rules of fundamental importance making it easier for children to learn. The Ta’limi Board (KZN) has officially introduced this booklet into the maktab curriculum. Part One of this book is taught in Grade 6 and Part two in Grade 7. May Allah Ta’ala accept this little publication and make it a means of attaining His pleasure and may He make this book a means of great benefit for the Ummah. Aameen. Ta’limi Board (KZN) 27 Rajab 1432 1 Part 1 In this section: ................. Cleanliness Najaasat Definitions Wudhu Ghusal Tayammum Masah on Khuffain Azaan Iqaamah Salaah Sajdatus Sahwu Salaah with Jamaat Qadhaa Musaafir Cleanliness 1. As Muslims, we should always be clean. We must keep our body, clothing, homes and classrooms clean at all times. 2. Our Nabi Muhammad said, “Allah is pure and He 3. 4. 5. 6. loves purity.” He also said, “Cleanliness is half of Imaan.” If a person remains dirty all the time, the Angels will stay far away from him. We should make sure that we clip our nails once a week on a Friday. We should also brush our teeth regularly so that no foul smell comes out of the mouth. We should shave the hair under our arms and below the navel regularly. If this hair is left for more than 40 days, then we will be sinful. Water It is permissible for us to use the following water to clean ourselves: 1. Rain water 2. Well water 3. River water 4. Sea water 5. Water from a big tank or pool The Toilet 1. Our religion of Islam is perfect. It teaches us how to live our day to day life. Our beloved Nabi Muhammad even taught us how to use the toilet. 3 2. The low pan type toilet is the best to use. This is closest to the sunnah of Nabi and all the Ambiyaa . It is very important for us to learn to use the low pan toilet. Using the low pan toilet is very beneficial for our health. If a person is forced to make use of the high pan due to sickness, etc., he should be very careful about the splashes of urine. 3. We should be very careful that no splashes of urine come onto our body or clothing. A person will be punished in his grave if he is not careful of the splashes of urine. Etiquettes of the toilet 1. Ensure that your head is covered. 2. Wear shoes/sandals when going to the toilet. 3. Remove anything that has the name of Allah Ta’ala on it before entering the toilet. 4. Before entering, recite ه ِمۡسِب لا لّٰلا and then the following dua: َ ه ُ ّ ي َ ُ ي ُ َ َ يُ ُ َ ي َ َ للبِث لا ُ للبُلا لا و لا نلا لا كلا م لا نلا لع لا و لا ذلا ب لا لللهملا لا ل لا 5. 6. 7. 8. Enter with the left foot. Do not stand and urinate. Sit down when relieving yourself. Do not face your back or your front towards the Qiblah. 4 9. After urinating, wait until all the drops of urine have come out before washing. 10. Clean and wash the private parts properly after relieving yourself. This is called Istinjaa. 11. Use the left hand for making Istinjaa. 12. Use clean water for Istinjaa. 13. Do not eat, drink or talk in the toilet. 14. Do not read books, comics, newspapers or use the cellphone in the toilet. 15. Do not read any Dua, Kalimah or Aayat of the Qur-aan in the toilet. 16. Step out of the toilet with the right foot and recite the following dua: َي َي َ َ َّ ي َ َ َ ُ ي َ َ َ َ يَ ي ُ ه ِني لا للذولا وفاا لا يلا ل لا ذهبلا عِن لا ل لا مدلا ّٰلا لَّل لا غ لا فرلنكلا ل لا 17. Wash your hands after coming out of the toilet. 18. Relieve yourself in such a place where you cannot be seen, especially when on a journey. 19. Do not urinate or relieve yourself under trees, in swimming pools, on the roadside, on pathways, in public places and in the shower. 20. Leave the toilet in a better state than you found it in. 5 Questions 1. Cleanliness is of Imaan. 2. Which type of toilet is best to use? 3. With which leg must one enter the toilet? 4. Should one stand or sit when urinating? 5. What is istinjaa? 6. With which hand should one make istinjaa? 7. Can one read the kalimah or duas in the toilet? 8. List 5 types of water which are permissible to use? 6 Najaasat (impurity) Najaasat means filth/impurity. A person cannot perform Salaah if he has Najaasat on his body or clothes. We must make sure that our body and clothes are pure and clean at all times. There are 5 types of Najaasat (impurity): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Urine of people and animals Stool of people and animals Blood Matter (Pus) Alcohol Cleansing of Najaasat 1. If any of the above 5 Najaasat (impurity) falls on your clothes, it must be washed three times with clean water, and squeezed after each wash. 2. If any of the above five types of Najaasat (impurity) falls on your body, it must be washed off three times with clean water. 3. We cannot perform Salaah if there is Najaasat (impurity) on our body or clothes. 4. Wash off the Najaasat three times in order to make your clothes, bedding, carpets, etc., clean. 7 Definitions Definitions of few important words that are used in Fiqh which will help us to understand the Masaa-il (laws) better. Fardh: A compulsory act. Waajib: An act which is also compulsory. Sunnah: An act which Rasulullah said, did or liked. Sunnat-e-Muakkadah: That act which Rasulullah never missed out. Sunnat-e-ghair Muakkadah: That act which Rasulullah occasionally missed out. Mustahab: A Preferred act. Nafal: An Optional act. Makrooh: A disliked act. Halaal: A permissible act. Haraam: A forbidden act. 8 Questions 1. If blood falls on our clothes how should we clean it? 2. What is the meaning of Najaasat? 3. Mention four things that we should not do in the toilet? 4. Before entering the toilet, we should ensure that our is covered. 5. Our Nabi Muhammad said, “Allah Ta’ala is and He loves ” 6. What is a Sunnat? 7. How many types of Najaasat are there? List them. 8. When coming out of the toilet, we should step out with the foot. 9. If Najaasat falls on our body or clothes, how many times should it be washed? 9 Wudhu Definition: Wudhu is a special way of washing certain parts of the body as shown to us by Rasulullah . 1. Wudhu cleans our body and washes away our sins. 2. Nabi Muhammad said, “The key to Jannah is Salaah, and the key to Salaah is purity.” 3. We should try our best to remain in the state of wudhu at all times. 4. Do not waste water when making wudhu!!! Faraaidh of wudhu There are four Faraaidh (compulsory acts) in wudhu: 1. Wash the entire face once from the hair line to below the chin and from one earlobe to the other. 2. Wash both the arms once up to and including the elbows. (First the right then the left) 3. Make masah of quarter the head. 4. Wash both feet once up to and including the ankles. (First the right then the left) 10 Sunnah method of making wudhu 1. Face the Qiblah whilst making wudhu. 2. Sit on a little high place so that the water doesn’t splash on one’s clothing. 3. Make intention for wudhu, (O Allah, I am making wudhu to become pure). 4. Recite the dua: ه َ يَ ي ُ ه لل لا مد لا ّٰ لا لا و لا لا لّٰ لا ِمۡسِب لا I begin in the name of Allah and all praise is for Allah 5. Wash both hands up to the wrist thrice. 6. Brush the teeth with a miswaak. 7. Gargle the mouth thrice. Use the right hand to put water into the mouth. 8. Put water into the nostrils with the right hand thrice. (The nose should be cleansed with the little finger and the thumb of the left hand). 9. Wash the entire face thrice. (The entire face from the hairline to below the chin and from one earlobe to the other). 10. Make khilaal of the beard. (Run the fingers of the right hand through the beard). 11. Wash the right hand including the elbow thrice. Thereafter, wash the left hand including the elbow thrice. 12. Recite the dua whilst making wudhu: َ هُ ي ي ي َي ي َ َ ّ ي ي ي َ ي َ َ ي ي ي ي ي ق لا فلا ر لا ز لا للا لا كلا لا يلا ولا بِر لا فلا دلر لا للا لا بلا ووس لا علا لا للا ذلا ن لا لا لغف لا رلا لا لللهم لا 11 13. Make khilaal of the fingers. (khilaal of the fingers must be done by crossing the fingers of the left hand into the right hand and then the right into the left). 14. Make masah of the entire head, ears and nape once. 15. Thereafter wash the right foot, including the ankle thrice, and then wash the left foot in the same manner. 16. Make khilaal of the toes using the little finger of the left hand. Make the khilaal starting with the small toe on the right foot and finishing off with the small toe on the left foot. 17. When making wudhu, make sure that every portion of the limb gets wet. 18. Recite the dua after wudhu َي َي َ ُ َ هُ َ ي َ ُ َ َ ي َ َُ ََ ي ش َه ُدلا لنلا ُمم ًدللا لا ٰللا ول لا حدهلا للا َش لا يك لا لا لّٰلا لا و لا نلا للا ل َٰللا لل لا ش َه ُدلا ل لا ل لا ُ َ َُع يلا ب ُده لا و َر ُس يلا و ُلا ٰل يَ َ ي َي ي َ ي َ هُ ي َي ي َ ّ َ ُ َن َ لا للمتطهر لا ي لا ِنلا من لا لجع لا ل لا يلا و لا لا لجع لا لِنلا منلا لتلولب لا لللهم لا I bear witness that there is no God besides Allah Ta’ala. He is One. He has no partner. I bear witness that Hadhrat Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. O Allah, make me of the repenters and make me of the purified ones. 12 When does one have to make wudhu? 1. 2. 3. 4. To perform Salaah. To touch the Qur-aan. To make Tawaaf of the Ka’bah. To make Sajdah-e-Tilaawat. Acts that Break wudhu There are nine acts that break wudhu: 1. To relieve oneself (urine or stool). 2. To break wind. 3. The flowing of matter (pus) or blood from any part of the body. 4. To vomit a mouthful. 5. To fall asleep whilst leaning against something. 6. To fall unconscious (fainting). 7. To become insane (mad). 8. To become intoxicated. 9. To laugh loudly in Salaah. It is mentioned in a Hadith that: “When a person makes wudhu and washes his face, all those sins which he committed with his eyes are washed off with the water or the last drop of water. When he washes his hands, all those sins which he had committed with his hands are washed off with the water or the last drop of water. When he washes his feet, all those sins which he committed with his feet are washed off, until he is completely purified from all sins.” 13 Questions 1. What is wudhu? 2. How many Faraaidh are there in wudhu? Mention them? 3. Mention 7 Sunnats of wudhu? 4. When does a person have to make wudhu? 5. How many actions will break wudhu? 6. Mention any 3 acts that break wudhu? 7. Mention one virtue of wudhu that is mentioned in the Hadith? 14 Ghusal (Bath) Definition: Ghusal means to wash the whole body in the way shown to us by our Nabi Muhammad . Faraaidh of ghusal There are three Faraaidh (compulsory acts) in ghusal: 1. Gargling of the entire mouth. 2. Rinsing the nostrils till the soft bone. 3. Washing the entire body without leaving any part dry. Sunnah Method of ghusal 1. Make niyyah (intention), (O Allah, I am making ghusal to become pure from all impurity). 2. Wash both hands up to the wrists thrice. 3. Make istinjaa. (I.e. to wash both the private parts). 4. Wash off any najaasat (impurity) that may be on one’s body. 5. Perform wudhu according to the sunnah manner. 6. Pour water over the entire head thrice. Thereafter pour water over the right shoulder thrice and then over the left shoulder thrice. Occasions when ghusal becomes compulsory 1. When one is in the state of Janaabat (major impurity). 2. When a woman completes the period of Haiz (menses). 3. When a woman completes the period of Nifaas (childbirth) 15 Note: Once Ghusal becomes compulsory, one should try and have a bath as soon as possible. Aadaab (Etiquettes) of ghusal 1. Bath in a clean place. 2. Bath in privacy i.e. in such a place where no one can see you. 3. Ensure that the satr (parts of the body that need to be compulsorily covered at all times) is completely covered when taking ghusal in a public place or in the presence of others. 4. Relieve oneself before taking ghusal. One should not urinate in the place where one is taking ghusal. 5. Use soap or anything else that will clean the body thoroughly. 6. A clean body is loved by Allah Ta’ala and it is protected from germs and sicknesses. 7. Do not waste water when making ghusal!!! Ghusal will only be complete if every part of our body gets wet!!! Hadhrat Anas narrates that Rasulullah said: “O Anas! Wash thoroughly when you are making ghusal of janaabat (major impurity). If you do this, then without doubt you will come out from the place of bathing in such a state that no sin will remain on you.” I asked: “O Rasulullah ! How does one wash thoroughly?” He replied, “It means that you wet the roots of the hair and clean the body thoroughly.” 16 Questions 1. What is the meaning of ghusal? 2. How many faraaidh are there in ghusal? 3. Explain the sunnah method of making ghusal in your own words? 4. We should ensure that our is completely covered when taking ghusal in the presence of others. 5. Ghusal will only be complete if every of our body gets 6. Mention one virtue of ghusal that is mentioned in the Hadith? 7. Mention the occasions when ghusal becomes compulsory? 17 Tayammum Definition: When no water is available then to purify oneself using clean sand, etc. in a specific way shown to us by Nabi is called Tayammum. Tayammum is a substitute for water at the time of wudhu and ghusal. There are three compulsory acts in Tayammum: 1. Niyyah (intention), (O Allah, I am making tayammum for wudhu or ghusal to become pure). 2. Striking both the hands on the earth and rubbing them on the face. 3. Striking both the hands on the earth and rubbing both the forearms including the elbows. Method of making Tayammum 1. First recite Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem. 2. Thereafter make intention (e.g. I am making tayammum for ghusal or wudhu to perform my salaah). 3. Then strike both the hands on clean ground or dust. After dusting off the excess sand, rub both the palms on the entire face in such a way that no space, even to the size of a strand of hair is left out. Make khilaal of the beard as well. 18 4. Thereafter strike both the hands again on the ground. After dusting off the excess sand, rub the left palm over the entire right hand including the elbow. And then rub the right palm over the entire left hand including the elbow. Then make khilaal of the fingers. A person will be allowed to make Tayammum in the following cases 1. When water is not available within a radius of 1.7 kilometers. 2. When the water is so little that if the water is used for wudhu or ghusal then there is fear of thirst. 3. When the use of water is harmful to the health. 4. When there is fear of an enemy or dangerous animal near the water. 5. When one does not have sufficient money to pay for water which is being sold or water is being sold at a very high price. Note: Tayammum for wudhu and ghusal is the same. 19 Items with which a person can make Tayammum 1. Pure earth. 2. Stone. 3. Sand. 4. Clay. 5. Walls made of brick, mud or stone, which are not glazed or painted. 6. All items which have thick dust on it. 7. Limestone. NOTE: A person cannot make tayammum on metal, glass, wood, items that melt or burn to ash and food items. Things that break Tayammum 1. Those things that break wudhu also break tayammum. 2. If water becomes available after making tayammum, then the tayammum will break. 3. If a person made tayammum due to sickness and then he got cured, his tayammum will break. NB: A person can perform any number of salaah he wishes with one tayammum. 20 Questions 1. What is the meaning of tayammum? ___________________ _________________________________________________ 2. How many compulsory acts are there in tayammum? Mention them. 3. Mention 5 things with which you can make tayammum? 4. Mention 3 things that you cannot use for tayammum? 5. If water is not found within a radius of _____ kilometres, tayammum will be permissible. 6. Mention 2 occasions when tayammum is permissible? 7. If a person made tayammum due to sickness, when will his tayammum break? 8. How many salaah are you allowed to read with one tayammum? 21 Masah on Khuffain 1. Khuf means a leather sock. 2. Masah means to pass wet hands over something. 3. We are allowed to make masah on the khuffain (leather socks) instead of washing the feet when making wudhu. 4. We will only be allowed to make masah on condition that the khuffain are such that: Water does not seep through it. A person can walk with it for 3 miles without it getting torn. It covers the whole foot till above the ankle. 5. It is not permissible to make masah on normal cotton socks. Duration of Masah When a person has made a complete wudhu (including washing his feet) and thereafter puts on the khuffain, then Nabi allowed such a person to make masah on his khuffain; for three days and three nights (72 hours) while on journey (musaafir) and for one day and one night (24 hours) for a person who is not on a journey. Note: A person will not start calculating this period from the time of actually wearing the khuffain but rather from the time his wudhu breaks after wearing the khuffain. For e.g. if he made wudhu and put his khuffain on at 7:00am but broke his wudhu at 10:00am, he will start his calculations from 10:00am. 22 Method of making Masah 1. Wet the fingers of both the hands and place them on top of the khuffain (right hand on right khuf and left hand on left khuf). Starting from the toes, pull the fingers towards the ankles, ensuring that your fingers go up to the ankles. 2. Masah is only done on the top of the khuf and not on the bottom. 3. Masah should be done once on each foot. Important: The top surface equal to at least three fingers space must be covered when making masah. Actions that break Masah 1. If the khuf is removed, slips off, or it tears to the extent of three small toes, the masah will break. 2. When the time of masah expires, the masah breaks. 3. When having ghusal, first remove the khuf and then take a bath. A person in need of ghusal cannot make masah on the khuffain. 23 Questions 1. What is a khuf? 2. What should a person do if his khuf slips off? 3. When will the masah on the khuffain break? 4. Must masah be made on the top or the bottom section of the khuf? 5. Will masah on the khuffain be permissible if there is a hole in it? Explain in detail. 6. Explain in your own words the method of making masah? 24 Azaan (The call to Salaah) 1. Azaan means to call people to Salaah. 2. Azaan is one of the salient signs of Allah Ta’ala. We must always respect the azaan. 3. Azaan is sunnah for the five Fardh Salaah and the Jumuah Salaah (Friday). 4. Azaan should be called out on its prescribed time. If it was called out before the time, it will have to be repeated in the correct time. The wording of the Azaan َ هُ َ ي َي َ هُ َ ي بلا ك َ يلا ّٰلا لا ل لا بلا ل لا ك لا ّٰلا لا ل لا ل لا Allaahu Akbar Allaahu Akbar َ هُ َ ي َي َ هُ َ ي كَي بلا ّٰلا لا ل لا بلا ل لا ك لا ّٰلا لا ل لا ل لا Allaahu Akbar Allaahu Akbar َي َي نلا َّللا ل َٰللا لل ه ي لا لّٰلا ش َه ُدلا ل لا ل لا Ash-hadu al-laa Ilaaha illallaawh َي َي نلا َّللا ل َٰللا لل ه ي لا لّٰلا ش َه ُدلا ل لا ل لا Ash-hadu al-laa Ilaaha illallaawh 25 َي َ ُ َ َُ لا ُمم ًدللا ر ُس يلا و ُل ه ي لا لّٰلا شهدلا لن ل لا Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-Rasoolullaah َي َ ُ َ َُ لا ُمم ًدللا ر ُس يلا و ُل ه ي لا لّٰلا شهدلا لن ل لا Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-Rasoolullaah َ ََ ي َحلا لَعلا للصلوةلا Hayya a`las-Salaah َ ََ ي َحلا لَعلا للصلا لوةلا Hayya a`las-Salaah َ ََ يَ َ ي لا للفالحلا َحلا لَع لا Hayya a`lal-Falaah َ ََ يَ َ ي لا للفالحلا َحلا لَع لا Hayya a`lal-Falaah َ هُ َ ي َي َ ه ّٰلا لا ل َ َ ي كبلا بلا ل ُلا ك لا ّٰلا لا ل لا ل لا Allaahu Akbar Allaahu Akbar َ َّل ل َٰللا لل ه ي لا لّٰلا لا Laa Ilaaha illallaawh 26 The Muazzin (One who calls out the azaan) 1. The muazzin must be a male. 2. He must be understanding i.e. he must not be mad (insane). 3. He must have knowledge of the sunnats and masaa’il (rules and laws) of azaan. 4. He must have knowledge of the salaah times. 5. He must be Muttaqi – i.e. a pious and upright Muslim (i.e. he must not be a person who commits sins openly). Etiquettes for calling out the Azaan 1. Be in the state of wudhu. 2. Face the Qiblah. 3. Stand and call out the azaan. 4. Place the index finger into the ears when calling out the azaan. 5. Turn the face to the right when saying hayya alas-salaah and to the left when saying hayya alal-falaah. 6. Call out the azaan outside the masjid boundary. 7. Call out the azaan from a high place in a loud voice. 27 Replying to the Azaan 1. 2. When the azaan is being called out, one should stop whatever work he is doing and reply to the azaan. It is Mustahab to repeat the words of the muazzin. ي ََ يَ َ ي َ ََ َ 3. Reply to the words وة َح لا لَع لا للصللا لاand ح ال لا لا للف لا َح لا لَع لا لا, by ه َ ُ ََ ََ ي َ saying: ِّٰ للا ُوةلا لللا ب لا للا ح لا وللا و لا لا. ي َ ّ ُ َ ير َ 4. After the words ي لا من لا لَّ لا وم للصللا وة لا خ لاin the Fajr Azaan, say: َ لا و َب َر يلا ر َ َص َد لا ُي. َ ت تلا 5. The following dua should be recited after the azaan: َ ه َي َُ ي َ ُ َ َ َ َ لا لل لا قِلا ثمةلا لا للا تلا ُمم لا دۨلا لا عوةلا لتللا ِلا مةلا وللصللا وة لا للهملا ربلا هلا ذهلا لدل لا ل لا َ َ َ يَ ي ََ َ يَ ي ََ َ ي َ ي ُ َ َ ً ي يلا َو َع يلا دت ُلا ه إنكلا للا لا ُم ُم يلا و لا دۨلا لا لَّل يلا لا للوس لا ي لا لةلا و لا للفض لا يلةلا و لا لبع لا ثهلا مقِمِ لا ُي ُ ي َ ُتلفلا للم يلا ي َع لا ِد Nabi is reported to have said, “My intercession is necessary on the day of Qiyaamah for that person who recites durood shareef and then recites this dua after hearing the azaan.” 28 Iqaamah 1. Iqaamah is called out in the masjid to inform the people that salaah is about to begin. 2. It is preferable that the one who called out the azaan should also call out the Iqaamah. 3. Another name for Iqaamah is Takbeer. 4. The one who calls out the Iqaamah is called a mukabbir. 5. As soon as the Iqaamah is called out, the Imaam should commence the Salaah. 6. The musallis should also reply to the words of the Iqaamah. Words of Iqaamah The words of the Iqaamah are the same as the words of the azaan. However, after: َ ََ يَ َ ي الحلا لا للف لا َحلا لَع لا Hayya alal Falaah One will add… َ َ َ َُ الةلا لا لا َُ يلا دلا َ َُ َُ يلا دلا الة ِمتلا للص لا ِمتلا للص لا Qad Qaamatis-Salaah Qad Qaamatis-Salaah 29 Salaah The Virtues of Salaah Salaah is the most important Ibaadah in the life of a Muslim. It is the second pillar of Islam. Rasulullah said, “A person who has missed one salaah is like the one who has lost all his family and wealth.” Hadhrat Abu Zar narrates that once Nabi came out of his house. It was autumn and the leaves were falling off the trees. He caught hold of a branch and shook it. Its leaves began to fall in large number. At this he remarked, “O Abu Zar! When a Muslim offers salaah to please Allah, his sins are shed away from him just as these leaves are falling off this tree.” Hadhrat Abu Qataadah says that he heard Rasulullah saying that Allah has said, “O Muhammad! I have ordained five daily salaah on your followers. I made a promise with myself that whosoever is regular in performing his salaah at its fixed hour shall be admitted into Jannah. And those of your followers who do not guard their salaah, are not included in this promise.” 30 Benefits of Salaah 1. Salaah is the key to Jannah. 2. Salaah is the difference between a Muslim and a NonMuslim. 3. Allah Ta’ala will be happy with us if we read our five daily Salaah. 4. Salaah will save us from the punishment in the grave and in the hereafter. The names & times of the five daily Salaah There are five salaah in a day: 1. Fajr - The early morning Salaah. It is performed after Subh Saadiq and before sunrise. 2. Zuhr - The midday Salaah. It is performed after Zawaal i.e. when half the day has passed (after + 12:15pm). 3. Asr - The late afternoon Salaah. It is performed + 1 ½ hours before sunset. 4. Maghrib - The evening Salaah. It is performed immediately after the sun has set. 5. Esha - The night Salaah. It is performed when total darkness has set in. (About 1 ½ hours after sunset) 31 Questions 1. Which is the most important act of worship in Islam? 2. What is the example of Salaah in Islam? 3. How many times do we perform Salaah in a day? 4. Mention two benefits of Salaah? 5. If a person reads his Salaah after the time has passed, will Allah Ta’ala be happy with him? 6. When is Maghrib Salaah performed? 7. What time do we read Fajr Salaah? 32 The Seven Conditions before Salaah Salaah is very important to a Muslim. Therefore we should ensure that before performing Salaah seven conditions are adhered to. Allah Ta’ala will only accept our Salaah if these seven conditions are found. Before performing Salaah, we must ensure that: 1. Our clothes are clean. 2. Our body is clean. 3. The place where we will perform Salaah is clean. 4. We must face the Qiblah. 5. Our satr (private areas) are covered. 6. We have the correct intention. 7. The time for salaah is correct. NOTE: The satr (private area) of a male is from the navel to the knee and the satr (private area) of a female is her entire body besides her face, palms and feet. Very important It is not permissible for males to have their trousers or kurtas below their ankles at all times and more especially in Salaah. 33 Faraaidh of Salaah There are six Faraaidh (compulsory acts) in Salaah: 1. Takbeer-e-Tahreemah (first takbeer). 2. Qiyaam (standing posture). 3. Qiraat (Qur-aan recitation). 4. Ruku (Bowing). 5. Both the Sajdahs (prostration). 6. Qa’dah Akheerah (last sitting). Actions that break Salaah The following actions will break our Salaah: 1. When one’s wudhu breaks. 2. To speak in Salaah. 3. To turn one’s chest away from the Qiblah. 4. To eat or drink in Salaah. 5. To step ahead of the Imaam 34 Questions 1. How many conditions are there for Salaah? 2. If one of these conditions are not found, will the Salaah be accepted? 3. Explain what is the satr of a man and a woman? 4. Mention three things that will break Salaah? 5. How many faraaidh are there in Salaah? Mention them? 6. What is the Qa’dah Akheerah? 7. Is it permissible for a man to have his kurta or trousers below his ankles? 35 Practical method of performing a two rakaat Salaah One must first make niyyah (intention). Thereafter raise both hands up to the ears and with the palms facing the Qiblah say: Allahu Akbar, while folding both hands below the navel. Thereafter recite the Sanaa: َ َ َ ُّ َ ََ َ ُ ُ ي َ َ َ هُ َ َ ي َ َََ َ َ ي َ َ للا لٰللا لا لسمكلا وتعِللا جدكلا و لا س لا بحِنكلا لللهملا وبح لا مدكلا وتبِرك لا َ ي َلا ك غ ي ُلا Sub-haana-kal-law-hum-ma / wa bi-ham-di-ka / wa tabaa-ra-kasmu-ka / wa ta’aa-laa jad-du-ka / wa laa-ilaa-ha ghai-ruk Read Ta’awwuz: َ ُ ه ل ُع يلا وذلا بِّٰلا م َنلا للش يلا ي َطِنلا للرج يلا ي لا م A-‘oo-zu / -billa-hi / -mi-nash / -shay-taw-nir /-rajeem. Then recite Tasmiya: ي ه منلا للرح يلا ي لا م ِمۡسِبلا لّٰلا للر لا Bis-mil-laa / -hir-rah-maa / -nir-ra-heem Now recite Surah Faatiha (Alhamdu). After completing Surah Faatiha, say Aameen softly. Thereafter recite any Surah you know, and then while saying Allahu Akbar go into Ruku. In Ruku hold the knees with your hands and spread the fingers around the knees. Recite the Tasbeeh of Ruku three times: 36 ُ ي َ َ َ ي لا لل َعظ يلا ي لا م س لا بحِنلا رِّب لا Sub-haa-na / rab-bi-yal / ‘a-zeem Stand up while saying: ه نلا َم َد لا هي لا لّٰلا ل َم يلا َسم َع ُلا Sa-mi-‘Al law-hu / li-man / ha-mi-dah While standing in Qaumah (standing up) say: َ َ ي لا لل يلا م ُدلا َرب َنِ لك َلا ‘Rab-ba-naa / la-kal hamd While Saying Takbeer, go into Sajdah by first placing your knees, then both the hands, the nose and lastly the forehead between both hands on the ground. In Sajdah recite the Tasbeeh thrice: ُ ي َ َ َ يَ ي لا لللَعلا س لا بحِنلا رِّب لا Sub-haa-na / rab-bi-yal / ‘a’-laa. Thereafter, while saying the Takbeer, sit upright in Jalsa. One must sit on the left foot with the right foot straight up with the toes facing the Qiblah. Now repeat the Takbeer and go back into Sajdah in the same manner as in the first Sajdah. On finishing the second Sajdah, one Rakaat has been completed. After completing the second Sajdah stand up while saying Allahu Akbar without putting the hands on the ground. 37 Now the second Rakaat will begin as in the first. Recite the Tasmiya, Surah Faatiha and a Surah, perform the Ruku, Qauma and both Sajdahs. After the second Sajdah do not stand up but remain in a sitting position and recite Tashahhud followed by Durood-e-Ibraaheem and the dua after Durood-e-Ibraaheem. Tashah-hud َ َ ُ ه َ َ ُ َ َّ ُ َ َ ُ َ َي ُّ كلا ل َ ُّي َهِلا لَّبلا الملا عل لا ي لتلحيِتلا ّٰلا وللصلولا تلا وللطيبِتلا للس لا َ َ ََ َ يَُ ه َ َََ ُُ َ َ ُ َ َي ي َ ه َ يلا لَعلا عبِدلا لّٰلا للصِل لا الملا عل لا ينِلا و لا مةلا لّٰلا وبرتاتهلا للس لا ور لا ُ َي َي َ ً َُ َ ُ َ هُ ََي َ ُلا ع يلا ب ُده لا و َر ُس يلا و ُلا ٰل شهدلا لنلا ُممدل نلا للا لا ل َٰللا لللا لّٰلا ول لا ش َه ُدلا ل لا ل لا ‘At-ta-hiy-yaa-tu / lil-laa-hi / was sa-la-waa-tu / wat tay-yibaa-tu / ‘as-sa-laa-mu / ‘a-lay-ka / ‘ay-yu-han na-biy-yu / wa rah-ma-tul-law-hi / wa ba-ra-kaa-tu-hu / ‘as-sa-laa-mu ‘a-lay-naa / wa ‘a-laa / ‘i-baa-dil laa / his saw-li-heen. / ‘Ash-ha-du ‘a laa’i-laa-ha ‘il-lal-law-hu / wa ‘ash-ha-du ‘anna mu-ham-ma-dan / ‘ab-du-hoo wa ra-soo-luh Durood-e-Ibraaheem َ َ َ َ َ ي َ َُ َُ َ ّ َ َُ ه تلا لَعلا للا بي َرله يلا ي َملا لَعلا لللا ُمم ٍدلا َمِلا صل لا ي لا صللا لَعلا ُمم ٍدلا و لا لللهم َ َ َ َولَعلا لللا للا بي َرله يلا ي َملا لنكلا م يلا ي ردلا َّم يلا ي رلا د َ َ َ َ َ َي َ َُ َُ َ َ هُ َ ي تلا لَعلا للا بي َرله يلا ي َملا لَعلا لللا ُمم ٍدلا َمِلا بِر لا كلا لَعلا ُمم ٍدلا و لا لللهملا بِر لا َ َ َ َولَعلا لللا لا للا بي َرله يلا ي َملا لنكلا م يلا ي ردلا َّم يلا ي رلا د 38 ‘Al-law-hum-ma / sal-li ‘a-laa / mu-ham-ma-diw / wa ‘a-laa ‘aa-li / mu-ham-ma-din / ka-maa sal-lay-ta / ‘a-laa ibraa-heema wa ‘a-laa aa-li ‘ibraa-heema / in-na-ka ha-mee-dum ma-jeed./ ‘Al-law-hum-ma / baa-rik ‘a-laa / mu-ham-ma-diw / wa ‘a-laa aa-li / mu-ham-ma-din / ka-maa baa-rak-ta / ‘a-laa ibraa-heema / wa ‘alaa ‘aa-li ibraa-heema / in-na-ka ha-mee-dum ma-jeed. Dua after Durood-e-Ibraaheem َ ًَ ه ُ ّي َ َ ي ُ َ ي ي ُ ي ً َ ي َ ل َي يلا غف ُرلا ل َُّّلنُ يلا و َبلا لللا لا ل َلا ني تلا يل و لا سلا ظ لا لمِلا َث لا نلا ظل لا متلا ن لا ف لا لللهملا ل لا ُ َ َ ي ي ي َ ي َ ً ّ ي ي َ َ ي َ ي ي َ َي َ ي لا للغف يلا و ُرلا للرح يلا ي ُلا م ِنلا لنكلا للا نت لا م لا لر لا نلا ع لا ندكلا و لا للا م لا غفرةلا م لا ِغف لا ر لا ا لا ‘Al-law-hum-ma / in-nee / za-lam-tu / naf-see / zul-man / ka-see-ra wa laa/ yagh-fi-ruz zunoo-ba / il-laa an-ta / fagh-fir lee / magh-fi-ratam min in-di-ka / war-ham-nee / in-na-ka / ‘an-tal gha-foo-rur raheem/. Lastly make the salaam: َ َ ُ َ َي ُ ي َ َ يَُ ه لا لّٰي مة لا الملا عل لا يك لا ملا ور لا للس لا As-sa-laa-mu 'a-lay-kum / wa rah-ma-tul laah First turn the head towards the right and make salaam and then towards the left and make salaam. After the salaam, make dua asking Allah Ta’ala to fulfil all your needs. The method of dua is to raise the hands to the height of the chest with the palms facing the sky. After the completion of dua, pass the hands over the face. 39 Differences in the Salaah of Females 1. Takbeer-e-Tahreema (The first takbeer) Females should raise their hands up to the chest without exposing their hands. i.e. the hands should remain beneath the Burqah. She must not bend her head forward nor make her head touch her chest. 2. Qiyaam (standing posture) She should keep her feet together and tie her hands on her chest in such a way that the palm of her right hand is placed on the back of her left palm. She will not tie her hands below the navel (as men do). 3. Ruku (Bowing) She should only bow down so much that the tips of her fingers are able to touch the top of her knees. Her fingers and feet should be kept together. She should also ensure that her elbows touch her sides in Ruku. 4. Sajdah (Prostration) Her stomach and thighs must be kept together with her forearms placed flat on the ground and her feet horizontally facing towards the right. Her fingers should face the Qiblah in Sajdah. 5. Qa’dah (Sitting Posture) She should not sit on the left leg (as men do) but rather sit on the floor. 40 Her feet should be spread out horizontally on the ground towards the right side. Her both hands should be kept on the upper part of the thighs with the fingers kept together. Women must not raise their voices when reciting in Salaah. Hadhrat Abu Hurayrah narrates that once Rasulullah asked his companions, “Do you believe that dirt can remain on a person bathing five times a day in a stream running in front of his door?’ ‘No’, replied the companions. ‘No dirt can remain on his body.’ Rasulullah remarked: ‘Exactly is the effect of Salaah offered five times a day. With the grace of Allah Ta’ala it washes away all sins.’” 41 42 4 4 - - 4 - 4 - - - Zuhr Asr Maghrib Esha Taraaweeh Jumuah Eid - 2 - 4 3 4 4 2 Fardh - 4+2 20 2 2 - 2 - SM - 2 - 2 2 - 2 - 2 - - 3 - - - - Nafl Waajib - - - 2 - - - - Nafl AFTER FARDH SM = Sunnat -e- Muakkadah SGM = Sunnat -e- Ghair Muakkadah 2 14 20 17 7 8 12 4 TOTAL 4 Takbeers only. No Azaan, Iqaamah or rak'aats. 2 - Fajr Janazah SM BEFORE FARDH SGM Name of Salaah Salaah Chart Questions 1. Explain the method of making dua after Salaah? 2. What is the difference in the first Takbeer of a man and woman? 3. Mention one virtue of Salaah that has been mentioned in the Hadith? 4. What is the meaning of Sunnat-e-Ghair Mu’akkadah? 5. How many Rakaats are there in Janaazah Salaah? 6. How many Fardh are there in the Maghrib Salaah? 43 7. All together how many Rakaats are there in the Esha Salaah? 8. What Dua should we read in Sajdah? 9. What is the meaning of Nafl? 10. Should a woman recite the Qur’aan loudly or softly in Salaah? 11. When going into Sajdah, should we place the hands on the ground first or the knees? 44 45 SGM SM BEFORE FARDH Fardh SM = Sunnat -e- Muakkadah Janazah Eid Jumuah Taraaweeh Esha Maghrib Asr Zuhr Fajr Name of Salaah Nafl Waajib Nafl TOTAL SGM = Sunnat -e- Ghair Muakkadah SM AFTER FARDH 12. Fill in the following salaah chart diagram? Sajdatus Sahwu Definition: When a person makes a mistake in salaah (e.g. left out, delayed or repeated a waajib act or, he delayed or repeated a fardh act), then one will have to make two extra sajdahs at the end of the salaah to cover up for the mistake. If one does not make these two sajdahs, then one will have to repeat the salaah. If a person leaves out a Fardh act of Salaah, one cannot cover it up by making Sajdatus Sahwu, rather one will have to repeat the Salaah. Method of making Sajdatus Sahwu: In Qa’dah Akheerah (the last sitting), after reciting tashahhud, make one salaam to the right and thereafter, go into sajdah (make two sajdahs). Thereafter, sit up and complete the salaah as normal by reciting Tashahhud, Durood-e-Ibraaheem and the dua. Thereafter make salaam and complete the salaah. Note: If the muqtadee (one reading behind the Imaam) makes a mistake which makes Sajdatus Sahwu necessary, he will not have to make Sajdatus Sahwu. 46 Questions 1. When will a person have to make Sajdatus Sahwu? 2. If the muqtadee makes a mistake, what should he do? 3. Explain in your own words how to make Sajdatus Sahwu? 47 Salaah with Jamaat Salaah with jamaat means to read salaah in a group with one person as the Imaam. Nabi said, “The salaah performed with jamaat is twenty seven times superior to the salaah which is performed alone.” Nabi said, “Give glad tidings to those people who go to the masjid during the hours of darkness, for they will have a perfect light on the day of Qiyaamah.” Nabi said, “I wish I could ask the boys to collect a huge quantity of firewood for me. I would then go around and set fire to the houses of those who read their salaah in their homes without any valid excuse.” It is mentioned in another Hadith, “A person who does not go for salaah, after hearing the azaan, is committing a great wrong and is doing an act of kufr (disbelief) and nifaaq (hypocrisy).” 48 1. The person who is leading the salaah is called the Imaam and the people following him are called the Muqtadees. 2. It is necessary for men to read their salaah with jamaat. To neglect salaah with jamaat without a valid excuse is very sinful. 3. Jamaat is not necessary for woman, children, those who are very sick, the blind and those men who have a valid excuse. 49 Masbooq (late comer) 1. A Masbooq is a person who joins the salaah after the Imaam completes the ruku of the first rakaat. 2. When the masbooq joins the Imaam, he will continue his salaah as normal with the Imaam. 3. As soon as the Imaam completes his salaah with the second salaam, the masbooq will stand up and complete the missed rakaats. 4. If a person joins the Imaam whilst he is still in ruku, it will be as though he got that rakaat. Therefore, he will not have to repeat that particular rakaat. 5. Once the Imaam makes the final salaam to the right, the latecomer cannot join in the jamaat salaah. 50 Questions 1. Explain the following terms: IMAAM: MUQTADEE: MASBOOQ: 2. Mention one reward for reading salaah with jamaat? 3. Once the Imaam makes the first salaam, can a latecomer join in the jamaat? 4. Is salaah with jamaat necessary on men or on women? 5. Mention one warning from the Hadith for neglecting salaah with jamaat? 51 Qadhaa Salaah 1. Qadhaa means to perform a fardh or waajib salaah after its prescribed time has expired. 2. To delay any salaah and cause it to become qadhaa without a valid excuse is a major sin. 3. Nabi said in a Hadith, “The example of the one who has missed one salaah is like a person who has lost all his family and wealth.” 4. Qadhaa is only compulsory for fardh and waajib salaah. There is no qadhaa for sunnah and nafl salaah. 5. When a person is completing his missed salaah, he should make this intention, e.g. ‘I am performing Fajr or Zuhr, etc. of such and such day.’ 6. If a person has so many qadhaa salaah that he doesn’t know the exact amount, then he should make a fair estimate of all the salaah that he has missed (e.g. 1 month, 6 months, 2 years etc.). He should then draw up a chart and strike off one salaah at a time as he completes his qadhaa. 7. The person performing his qadhaa must make his intention like this, e.g. ‘I am reading qadhaa for the first Fajr or first Zuhr etc. that I missed.’ He should continue in this manner until his heart is at ease that all his qadhaa salaah is now completed. 8. Women in the state of haiz and nifaas will not have to make qadhaa for the salaah missed while they were in the state of haiz or nifaas. 52 Questions 1. What does qadhaa mean? 2. Mention the Hadith regarding a person who makes his salaah qadhaa? 3. Is there qadhaa for the sunnah and nafl salaah? 4. If a person is making qadhaa for an unknown estimated period of time, what intention should he make? 5. Does a woman in the state of haiz and nifaas have to make qadhaa? 53 Musaafir (traveller) 1. A person who travels 77km or more out of the boundary of his town is called a musaafir. 2. If a musaafir intends staying at a place for less than 15 days, he will perform his salaah by making Qasr (shortening the salaah). i.e., for Zuhr, Asr and Esha Salaah, he will read only two rakaats fardh and not four. However, he will read the fardh of the Fajr and Maghrib Salaah as normal. 3. If the musaafir is in a hurry, he can leave out the sunnah and nafl salaah. However, if he has time, it is better that he reads the sunnah and nafl salaah as well. 4. The musaafir has to also read the witr salaah. He cannot leave it out even if he is in a hurry. 5. If a musaafir reads salaah behind a muqeem (resident) Imaam, he will read the full salaah. 6. If the musaafir is the Imaam and the muqtadees (followers) are all residents, he (Musaafir) will only read two rakaats. After he makes salaam, the followers will stand up and complete the remaining two rakaats without reciting Surah Faatihah and a Surah. 54 Questions 1. When will a person be regarded as a musaafir 2. How many rakaats will a musaafir read for Maghrib Salaah? 3. Does the musaafir have to read all the sunnah and nafl salaah? Explain in detail. 4. If a musaafir reads salaah behind the local Imaam, will he make qasr or not? 5. If the musaafir is in a hurry, can he leave out the witr salaah? 55 Part 2 In this section: ..................... Jumuah Eid Saum (Fasting) / Taraaweeh / I’itikaaf Qurbaani Zakaat Hajj / Umrah Halaal and Haraam Sins Islamic Months 56 U The Day of Jumuah Allah Ta’ala mentions in the Qur-aan, “O you who believe! When the azaan is called for Salaah on Friday, then hasten to the remembrance of Allah and stop doing business. That is better for you if you knew. Thus, when the salaah is completed, then spread out in the earth and seek the grace of Allah and remember Allah often that you may be successful.” Nabi mentioned in a Hadith, “The best of days that the sun has risen on is the Day of Jumuah (Friday). It was on this day that Aadam was created, on this day he entered Jannah and on this day he was removed from there. Qiyaamah will also take place on the day of Jumuah.” Etiquettes on the Day of Jumuah Clip the finger and toe nails. Remove
