Theoretical Foundations of Nursing NSG 100 PDF

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing NSG 100 BY: Venness Ann Amoroso, RN Lecturer: Mari-Angeli C. Valecia, RN ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY These are beliefs and values...

Theoretical Foundations of Nursing NSG 100 BY: Venness Ann Amoroso, RN Lecturer: Mari-Angeli C. Valecia, RN ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY These are beliefs and values that define a way of thinking CONCEPT and are generally known and MODELS understood by a group or discipline. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY A belief, policy, or CONCEPT procedure proposed or followed as the basis of MODELS action CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Relationship of Theory to Nursing Care ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E 4 www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  DESCRIPTIVE Different Types of EXPLANATORY Theories PREDICTIVE PRESCRIPTIVE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Different Types of Theories DESCRIPTIVE DESCRIPTIVE EXPLANATORY TO KNOW THE PREDICTIVE PROPERTIES AND WORKINGS OF A DISCIPLINE PRESCRIPTIVE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Different Types of Aka: “factor-isolating theories” Theories Primary level of theory development DESCRIPTIVE Main purpose is to present a phenomenon based on the five TO KNOW THE senses. PROPERTIES AND They identify and WORKINGS OF A describe major DISCIPLINE concepts of phenomena ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories DESCRIPTIVE EXPLANATORY EXPLANATORY TO EXAMINE HOW PREDICTIVE PROPERTIES RELATE AND THUS AFFECT THE DISCIPLINE PRESCRIPTIVE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories Aka: “Factor Relating Theory” EXPLANATORY Present relationship among concepts and TO EXAMINE HOW propositions. PROPERTIES RELATE Aim to provide AND THUS AFFECT THE information on how DISCIPLINE or why concepts are related ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories DESCRIPTIVE PREDICTIVE EXPLANATORY TO CALCULATE THE PREDICTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROPERTIES AND HOW THEY OCCUR PRESCRIPTIVE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories Aka: “Situation- Relating PREDICTIVE Theories” Achieved through description of TO CALCULATE THE future outcomes RELATIONSHIP consistently by the BETWEEN PROPERTIES relationship of AND HOW THEY OCCUR concepts ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories DESCRIPTIVE PRESCRIPTIVE EXPLANATORY TO IDENTIFY UNDER PREDICTIVE WHICH CONDITIONS RELATIONSHIPS OCCUR PRESCRIPTIVE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Different Types of Theories Aka: “Situation- Producing Theory” Deal with nursing PRESCRIPTIVE action and test validity and certainty TO IDENTIFY UNDER of a specific nursing WHICH CONDITIONS intervention RELATIONSHIPS OCCUR Used in testing new nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E interventions GE www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY -called the building blocks CONCEPT of theories. They are primarily the vehicles of MODELS thought that involve images. CONCEPTU AL ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph CONCEPTS Conceptual Definition – the meaning of a word based on how certain theory or relevant literature perceives it to be. It is comparable with dictionary, encyclopedia, and journals. Operational Definition – the meaning of word based on the method of how it was measured or how the person come-up with that perception. It identifies procedures and operations significant to determine concepts. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E 15 www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  LETS PRACTICE!!! GET ¼ SHEET OF PAPER AND GET YOUR PHONES. CONNECT TO THE SCHOOL INTERNET. (PREPARE 3 MINUTES) DESCRIBE THE FOLLOWING USING CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL DEFINITION. 1. LOVE 2. FAMILY 3. SCHOOL ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY Models are CONCEPT representations of the interaction among and MODELS between the concepts showing patterns. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY THEORY A conceptual framework is CONCEPT a group of related ideas, statements, or concepts. MODELS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Conceptual framework PHYSICAL LOWERED PERSON FITNESS BLOOD EXERCISE PRESSURE ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Theoretical Framework by Lydia Hall The Person Social Sciences Therapeutic Use of Self “The Core” The Body The Disease Natural and Pathological and Biological Therapeutic Intimate Medical Care Bodily Care “The Cure” “The Care” ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PROPOSITION DOMAIN PROCESS Propositions are statements that describe the relationship PARADIGM between the concepts. META PARADIGM ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY DOMAIN The domain is the PROCESS perspective of territory of a profession or a discipline PARADIGM META PARADIGM ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY DOMAIN Processes are organized PROCESS steps, changes, or functions intended to bring about the PARADIGM desired result META PARADIGM ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY A paradigm refers to a DOMAIN pattern of shared PROCESS understanding and assumptions about reality PARADIGM and the world, worldview, or widely accepted value META system. PARADIGM ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHILOSOPHY A metaparadigm is the most general statement of DOMAIN discipline and functions as PROCESS a framework in which the more restricted structures PARADIGM of conceptual models develop. META PARADIGM ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph DEFINITION A definition is composed of various descriptions ASSUMPTION which convey a general HYPOTHESES meaning and reduces the vagueness in INDUCTION understanding a set of DEDUCTION concepts ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph DEFINITION Assumption is a ASSUMPTION statement that specifies a HYPOTHESES relationship or connection of factual concepts or INDUCTION phenomena DEDUCTION ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph DEFINITION ASSUMPTION HYPOTHESES A testable relationship statement INDUCTION DEDUCTION ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph DEFINITION ASSUMPTION A type of reasoning that HYPOTHESES uses specific details to form a general conclusion INDUCTION DEDUCTION ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Inductive reasoning is when you start with specific observations or facts, and infer a general rule or conclusion from them. For example, if you notice that every time you eat spicy food, you get a stomach ache, you might use inductive reasoning to conclude that spicy food causes stomach aches. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph DEFINITION A type of reasoning that ASSUMPTION uses specific details to HYPOTHESIS form a general conclusion INDUCTION By definition, a valid deduction yields a conclusion that must be DEDUCTION true given that the premises are true. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph Deductive reasoning is when you start with a general rule or principle, and apply it to a specific case or situation. For example, if you know that all birds have wings, and you see a parrot, you can use deductive reasoning to deduce that the parrot has wings. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHENOMENON Sets of empirical data or RESEARCH experiences that can be physically observed or tangible such as crying or grimacing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph In nursing, phenomena can be: Clinical or environmental setting of nursing “Use of Facilities” RHU vs. Hospital Disease process “Response to Diagnosis” “Coping Strategies” Client’s behavior “Resistant to Quit from Smoking” Interventions “Use of Okra – Lady Finger to Lower Blood Sugar” Practices “Use of Stamping Pad for Foot Printing” ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph PHENOMENON Use of systematic RESEARCH methods to study a phenomenon and create a general knowledge ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  A metaparadigm is the most general statement of discipline and functions as a framework in which the more restricted structures of conceptual models develop. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Metaparadigm For Nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  P E R S Metaparadigm O N For Nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  PERSON Person is the recipient of nursing care and may include individuals, Metaparadigm patients, For groups, Nursing families, and communities ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  E N P V E I R R O N S Metaparadigm O M E N For N T Nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  ENVIRONMENT P Environment E (or situation) R is defined as the S Metaparadigm internal and O For external N Nursing surroundings that affect the ST. A L E X I U S C O Lclient LEGE. www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Environment How the environment affects the health and recovery from illness Can be altered to improved conditions so that the natural laws could allow healing to occur ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  E N P H V E E I R R A L O N S Metaparadigm T M E O For N H N T Nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  HEALTH P E E R Health is N S V defined as the I O Metaparadigm degree of R O N For wellness or N M Nursing well-being E N that the client T experiences. ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Health As opposed to Illness “Health is not only to be well but to use well every power we have” ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  E N N U V I R R P S H O N E Metaparadigm I E M E R For N A S G L N T O Nursing T N ST. A L E XH IUS COLLEGE www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  E NURSING H N P V E I E The nurse’s R R A O attributes, L N S characteristics, and actions T M O E Metaparadigm provide care on H N N behalf of or in T For conjunction with the client. Nursing ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  Nursing As opposed to Medicine Nursing is different from medicine, the goal of nursing is to place the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act. Nursing = activities that promote health in any caregiving situation ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph  End ST. A L E X I U S C O L L E G E www.stalexiuscollege.edu.ph