ATP-ADP Cycle PowerPoint Presentation PDF

Energy Transformation: ATP – ADP Cycle and Photosynthesis TERESA ELIEZEL B. COLLONG GENERAL BIOLOGY I QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 Learning Objectives The learners should be able to: 1.explain coupled reaction processes and describe the role of ATP in energy...

Energy Transformation: ATP – ADP Cycle and Photosynthesis TERESA ELIEZEL B. COLLONG GENERAL BIOLOGY I QUARTER 2 WEEK 1 Learning Objectives The learners should be able to: 1.explain coupled reaction processes and describe the role of ATP in energy coupling and transfer (STEM_BIO11/12- IIa-j-1). 2.describe the major features and chemical events in photosynthesis (STEM_BIO11/12-IIa-J-2). 3.explain the importance of chlorophyll and other pigments (STEM_BIO11/12-IIa- 4.describe the patterns of electron flow through light reaction events (STEM_BIO11/12-IIa-j-4). 5.describe the significant events of the Calvin Cycle (STEM_BIO11/12- IIa-j-5). Activity Match the fruit to its leaves 1 2 3 4 a b c d Those plants starts from a tiny seed. How does it happen? Where does mass of tree come from? Where do they get their energy? Lab of Love No. 1 and 2: Role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis and Iodine Test for Starch Extraction of chlorophyll ⮚ variegated leaf was collected ⮚ placed in test tube with 70% ethyl alcohol ⮚ boiled in a water bath until the leaf became pale ⮚ the leaf was rinsed with water. Iodine Test for Starch ⮚ it’s ready for the test of presence of starch using a drop(s) of iodine solution. ⮚ a blue black color indicates the presence of Post – Laboratory Questions: Why do we have to use alcohol in the removal of chlorophyll? Which portion of the leaves turn blue-black? What does it indicates? Why is it that some portion of the leaves are not green? What is the main function of the chlorophyll in photosynthesis? ATP-ADP Cycle The Flow of Energy All life on earth depends on the flow of energy through ecosystems All energy on the earth ultimately comes from the sun Organisms are classified according to their energy source These are the: AUTOTROPHS HETEROTROPHS Autotrophs organisms capable of making their own food. plants are photoautotrophs they use light energy from the sun to produce glucose (sugar) Heterotrophs organisms not capable of making their own food they are consumers of the biosphere they must eat plants, or other animals who eat plants to acquire indirectly the energy from the sun Pyramid of Energy What is the energy currency of the cells of autotrophs and heterotrophs? Adenosine Triphosphate The common energy currency of cells. With one big molecule that is made of 5 smaller molecules bonded together. Adenosine Tri- phosphate  How energy is released from ATP? ATP transfer energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell function. Energy is released when phosphate group (P) is removed ADP is charge into ATP when phosphate group (P) is added.  Key concepts of ATP/ADP Cycle 1.ATP contains MORE energy than ADP because it has more bonds. 2.When a phosphate is REMOVED energy is RELEASED. 3.When a phosphate is ADDED energy is NEEDED. How ATP is made? The human body uses molecules held in the fats, proteins, and carbohydrates we eat or drink as sources of energy to make ATP. This happens through a process called hydrolysis. After food is digested, it's synthesized into glucose, which is a form of sugar. Glucose is the main source of fuel that your cells' mitochondria use to convert caloric energy from food into ATP, which is an energy form How ATP is made? ATP is made via a process called cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. Mitochondria are tiny subunits within a cell that specialize in extracting energy from the foods we eat and converting it into ATP. Mitochondria can convert glucose into ATP via two different types of cellular respiration: Aerobic (with oxygen) Anaerobic (without oxygen) ATP-ADP Cycle: Carbohydrates Energy: up to 36 ATP molecules (1 glucose) Details: Most commonly broken down to make ATP Not stored in large amounts  ATP-ADP Cycle: Fats/Lipids Energy: about 146 ATP molecules (triglyceride) Details: Lipids store the most energy 80% of the enrgy in our body ATP-ADP Cycle: Proteins Energy: about 36 ATP molecules BUT… Details: Proteins are least likely to be broken down to make ATP, Amino acids not Energy Content of Biomolecules MOLECULES ENERGY Carbohydrates 4 calories per mg Lipid 9 calories per mg Protein 4 calories per mg Learning Check 1.Where does plants get energy to produce its own food? 2.Consumers are also termed as ___________. 3.When does ATP release its stored energy? 4.What molecule will be formed if 1 molecule of phosphate will be released? Answer 1.Sun 2.Heterotrophs 3.When 1 of the phosphorus is broken and released 4.ADP 5.Lipids/Fats