Asian Trade Routes & Nodal Points PDF

UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TOPIC 7: NODAL POINTS AND ITS DEVELOPMENT AND TRADE COMPLEXES THAT AROSE IN ASIA MRS. MARIETA M. DIZON PROFESSOR IN FOUNDATION OF SOCIAL STUDIES...

UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TOPIC 7: NODAL POINTS AND ITS DEVELOPMENT AND TRADE COMPLEXES THAT AROSE IN ASIA MRS. MARIETA M. DIZON PROFESSOR IN FOUNDATION OF SOCIAL STUDIES We EDUcate, we Care  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Learning Objectives: At the end of the topic the learner will be able to: 1. To know the different trade routes, where, when, and how trading arose in Asia 2. The students may be able to analyze how the trade impacted people's lives and community development. 3.Understand the significance of Nodal Point and its development We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION MEDITERRANEAN SEA Nodal points in trade refer to strategic locations or hubs where significant volumes of goods and services are exchanged, processed, or redirected. These points play a critical role in global or regional trade networks. They often emerge due to geographical advantages, infrastructure, and economic or political importance. We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION MEDITERRANEAN SEA The Mediterranean Sea is a large body of water between Southern Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia. It gives access to the Atlantic Ocean. Three linked straits, the Bosporus, Marmara, and Dardanelles Straits, connect the Mediterranean to the Black Sea. These geographical connections would be instrumental in developing the Mediterranean Sea Trade's expansive network. We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Dardanelles, narrow strait in northwestern Turkey, 38 miles (61 km) long and 0.75 to 4 miles (1.2 to 6.5 km) wide, linking the Aegean Sea with the Sea of Marmara. The city of Dardanus in the Troad (territory around ancient Troy), where Mithradates VI (king of Pontus) and Sulla (the Roman general) signed a treaty in 85 bce, gave the strait its name. We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION This trade involved the exchange of goods between the Mediterranean region and the countries of West Asia (the Middle East). We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION Biremes were best for short distances whereas, triremes were used for long distances and cargo. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TRADING ROUTES CONNECTED TO THE MIDITERRANEAN SEA The Silk Road served as an extensive network of historical trade routes that played a significant role in uniting the East and West. The complex system of trade routes spanned several regions in Asia, Africa, and Europe, connecting East Asia and the Mediterranean world We EDUcate, we CARE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TRADING ROUTES CONNECTED TO THE MIDITERRANEAN SEA The Maritime Silk Road played a critical role in facilitating maritime trade throughout the medieval and early modern eras. Along this route, a number of important ports and trading cities emerged, such as Quanzhou and Guangzhou in China, Malacca in Malaysia, and Calicut and Malabar in India, as well as several ports in the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea. We EDUcate, we CARE  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION ANCIENT EMPIRES AND CIVILIZATIONS: ROMAN EMPIRE GREEK CITY-STATES PERSIAN EMPIRE Roman merchants and traders Greek traders established Persian merchants were played a major role, colonies and traded active in trading, and their establishing trading posts and throughout the Mediterranean empire controlled key land controlling sea routes. and West Asia. and sea routes. ARABIAN TRADERS VENETIAN MERCHANTS OTTOMAN EMPIRE Arabian traders, especially Venice, an Italian city-state, The Ottoman Empire controlled from the city of Mecca, were emerged as a major trading much of the Eastern known for their trade power in the Middle Ages, Mediterranean and West Asia, networks and skills in establishing trading networks in impacting trade flows navigation. the Eastern Mediterranean. We EDUcate, we CARE  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHEN DID IT START? - Origins: This trade is as old as the civilizations themselves. It dates back to at least 3000 BCE, with early interactions between ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Levant. - Flourished: The trade flourished during the classical era (8th to 3rd centuries BCE) with the growth of the Greek and Roman empires. - Continued: It continued through the Middle Ages (5th to 15th centuries), with significant changes and disruptions due to the rise and fall of empires, the development of new trade routes, and the spread of religions. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IMPACT ON ASIAN ECONOMIES: Economic Growth Development of trading centers Increased wealth -The trade contributed Cities like Alexandria (Egypt), -The trade brought wealth significantly to the economic Tyre (Lebanon), and Antioch to merchants, cities, and (Syria) became major centers of growth of countries in West Asia and the Mediterranean. empires. commerce and trade. Spread of technology and ideas Cultural Exchange Intercultural exchange -The exchange of goods also led It led to the exchange of The trade had a profound to the diffusion of technology, ideas, beliefs, and artistic impact on the cultures of knowledge, and cultural ideas the regions involved. styles, across different regions. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION STRAIT OF MALACCA INDOCHINA TRADE The Strait of Malacca is the shortest shipping route between the Far East and the Indian Ocean. Ships have passed through it for centuries, and trading posts grew up from an early stage, which simultaneously became centres of education, science and art. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHAT IS THE TRADE? The Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex: huge maritime, internally complex and intricately connected, it allows the possibility of 'unidirectional' movement between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, accepting the trade of goods, ideas, and cultures among many civilizations in Asia. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHO WAS INVOLVED INTHE TRADE The Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex included several diverse participants in the process - merchants, traders, sailors, and rulers of civilizations. Indian, Chinese, Southeast Asian, and Indonesian merchants played the most important roles in the activities of trade, since they played the role of controlling the goods and services flow across the region. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHEN DID IT START? The Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex was founded on complex historical activity, with the trading activity existing as far back as the 3rd century BCE. However, the complex trade of the area really reached its fullest extent from the 14th to the 16th centuries CE, when the Strait of Malacca emerged as a main hub of international trade. The trading activity continued until the end of the 17th century CE, when European colonial powers began to dominate the region. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHERE DID IT STARTED? The Indochina Trade Complex originated in the Strait of Malacca, a narrow waterway between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. The strait controlled the flow of trade between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, and it comprised participation by multiple kingdoms and empires in the region: Srivijaya, an empire then based in Indonesia, and Majapahit, based in Malaysia. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION HOW DID IT START? The origin of the Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex comes through the foundation of trade links between India and Southeast Asia. Indian merchants and Chinese commercial houses were the first in this line to establish relations of trade in the region mainly on items like spices, textiles, and precious stones. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHO WAS INVOLVED INTHE TRADE The Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex involved a vast variety of countries and places, among which the names that one comes across most are India, China, the Southeast Asian zone, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Indochina region. Other European powers participating in the trade activities included the Portuguese, establishing trading posts and colonies in the region. Other countries and places behind the trade include the Middle East, the Mediterranean, and East Africa. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IMPACT ON ASIAN ECONOMIES: The Asian countries' economy had a defining impact on the Strait of Malacca Indochina Trade Complex. High wealth and economic growth in the region were brought about by activities associated with trade, which allowed for the development of cities, kingdoms, and empires. The trade complex also urged cultural exchange and ideas, technologies, and innovations between different civilizations. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION The term "Central Asia Trade Complex" describes the East-West trade routes that traverse the region of Central Asia, both historically and currently. Because of its advantageous location along the old Silk Road, which facilitated the interchange of products, ideas, and cultures between Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, this region has long been a crossroads for trade. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Silk-Road-trade-route We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHAT IS THE TRADE? The goods that were carried along the trading routes of Central Asia shaped fashions in food and clothing all over Asia and Europe. Metal and clay were two important materials to be traded, as were textiles and all kinds and carpets, which were highly valued in both east and west. Exotic foods and flavours were particularly precious commodities, bringing new tastes such as pepper to the west. https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/knowledge-bank/precious-goods-buy We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TRADE ROUTES In Central Asia, the Silk Road was the most well-known trading route. It was a network of commercial routes, not a single road, that went across Central Asia, Persia, and the Middle East to connect China to the Mediterranean. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHO WAS INVOLVED? The Chinese were key players in the Silk Road trade, particularly in the export of silk, which was highly prized in the West. Indians merchants played an essential role in trading goods like spices, textiles, precious stones, and ivory through Central Asia. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHERE DID IT STARTED? The Silk Road may have formally opened up trade between the Far East and Europe during the Han Dynasty, which ruled China from 206 B.C. to 200 A.D. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION HOW DID IT STARTED Around 2000 BCE, during the Bronze Age, ancient nomadic peoples and others initiated the first trade in products in Central Asia. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IMPACT ON ASIAN ECONOMIES: -Central Asia's trade routes led to a deepening of economic integration between China, India, Persia, and the Middle East. Trade over great distances resulted in the interchange of goods like Persian fabrics, Chinese silk, Indian spices, and Arabian incense, which benefited both parties economically. -The growth of these trade routes promoted interdependence between various areas, stabilizing connections between far-off civilizations and guaranteeing an ongoing flow of income and goods. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION INDIAN OCEAN TRADE COMPLEX "Maritime Silk Road" Best defined as a global trade system based primarily in the Indian Ocean. It refers to the extensive network of trade routes and maritime activities that existed in the Indian Ocean region from ancient times to the medieval period. It was a complex system of trade and cultural exchange that connected various regions around the Indian Ocean, including Africa, the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and China. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHAT IS THE TRADE? Characterized by the exchange of a wide range of goods, including spices, textiles, precious metals, gemstones, ivory, timber, and more. These goods were transported by ships, and the trade routes spanned vast distances, linking different ports and trading centers. We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TRADE ROUTES The Indian Ocean trade routes connected Southeast Asia, India, Arabia, and East Africa, beginning at least as early as the third century BCE. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHO WAS INVOLVED During the classical era (4th century BCE–3rd century CE), major empires involved in the Indian Ocean trade included the Achaemenid Empire in Persia (550–330 BCE), the Mauryan Empire in India (324–185 BCE), the Han Dynasty in China (202 BCE–220 CE), and the Roman Empire (33 BCE–476 CE) in the Mediterranean. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHO WAS INVOLVED Arab and Persian: These Middle Eastern traders, who came mostly from the Arabian Peninsula and Persia, were important contributors to the maritime commerce, supplying commodities like textiles, horses, and incense to places like India and East Africa. Chinese: Chinese traders participated in the Indian Ocean commerce at various times, most notably during the Tang and Song dynasties. In return for spices and other items from India, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, they brought goods like tea, silk, and porcelain. We EDUcate, we  COLLEGE OF EDUCATION WHERE DID IT STARTED? The Indian Ocean trade network began around the 3rd century BCE and flourished over several centuries, becoming one of the most significant maritime trade routes in world history. The trade primarily started between coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, and East Africa. However, it reached its peak between the 8th and 15th centuries, with the involvement of various civilizations, including the Arabs, Persians, Indians, Southeast Asians, and later, the Chinese. https://www.vaia.com/en-us/explanations/history/modern-world- history/indian-ocean-trade/ We EDUcate, we COLLEGE OF EDUCATION HOW DID IT STARTED The Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2500–1700 BCE), which conducted long-distance trade with Mesopotamia and Egypt, is the ancient source of the Indian trading complex. We EDUcate, we Any Questions We EDUcate, we CARE