Arts-App-Reviewer PDF

What is humanities? What is Art? developing romance of a man and a woman, or on the pants of a broken-hearted. Humanities The Creation of Materials As a branch of...

What is humanities? What is Art? developing romance of a man and a woman, or on the pants of a broken-hearted. Humanities The Creation of Materials As a branch of knowledge, Humanities explores the human conditions through the use of analytical, The artist uses different materials or mediums to critical, or theoretical methods. give form to an idea. For example, a painter uses pigments; a sculptor uses wood, metal or stone; an The term ―Humanities is from a Latin word author uses words; and a composer who uses “humanus”, which means educated. It refers to the musical sounds to determine the notes. learning of arts such as architecture, dance, literature, music, painting, theatre, and sculpture. The Creation of Forms Art Appreciation There are diverse forms used by the artists in expressing their ideas. It is a medium of artistic Art appreciation is a way to express ideas and expression recognize as fine art. This form is used allows individuals to illustrate their feelings when to explain the physical nature of the artwork like in they view an artwork. It helps develops critical and metal sculpture, an oil painting, etc. innovative skills in thinking and teaches essential qualities in listening, observing, and responding to Function of Arts multiple viewpoints. It also requires an ability to differentiate what is apparent and what is not. Arts have been part of human history. It described, defined, and deepened the human experience. The Creation of Arts  Individual Function The word ―art is from Latin word “arti”, which -The artists perform arts because of the means craftsmanship, inventiveness, mastery of passion of their respective art forms. A form, skill. It includes literature, music, paintings, singer presents a concert for free because of photography, sculpture, etc. It serves as an original her advocacy and the love of singing. record of human needs and achievements.  Social Function -Man associates with others through his art It is a human capability to make things beautiful performance that arouses social through the production of his/her imagination consciousness. Examples of this association depending on the preparation, theme, medium, and are the choral singing, group dancing, public values used. art exhibits and other practices. Artist are usually referred to as those who create  Economic Function within a context of the fine arts such as acting, -Arts are emerging as a potent force in the dancing, drawing, filmmaking, painting, sculpture, economic life of people assumes an essential writing, photography, and music. They are those role as a direct and indirect contributor to who use imagination and skill to construct works state economies. Example for this is by that may be judged to have aesthetic importance. generating economic vitality in under- performing regions through crafts, tourism, The Creation of Ideas and cultural attractions. Artists are usually impressionable persons. They  Political Function used their experiences as their basis in the making -Art provides a forum for ideas that will lead of dance, picture, a poem, or a play or a song. For to employment, prestige, status, and power. example, a composer may write a song on the During election period, for example, the  candidates created their artworks (Poster) 1. Create beauty- Art is an expression of our which expresses their propaganda, agendas, thoughts, emotions, and intuitions. It is the and political views about making a stable communication of concepts that cannot be society. faithfully portrayed by words alone. The  Historical Function artist has considered nature as the standard -Art is an essential technique for information of beauty. For example, beauty can be in a to be recorded and preserved. It serves to snowy mountain scene, and the art is the document or reconstruct historical figure photograph of it shown to the family. and events. Most arts that are in Museums, for example, are filled with amazing stories 2. Provide Decoration- Artworks are used to about the world most excellent and creative create a pleasing environment. It is intended people who brought us treasures. By looking to beautify things to please and amuse the at a work of art’s colors, materials, and viewers through its colors. symbolism, we can learn about the story and culture that produced it in the past.  Cultural Function 3. Reveal Truth- Artwork helped to pursue -Art is an articulation and transmission of truth and attempted to reveal about how the new information and values. Example, when world work. It is a kind of language that you think of Cebu, you probably think of allows artists to send a message to the souls Sinulog, Magellan’s Cross, and CCLEX. of the recipients that help change their  Physical Function attitudes, their sensibility, and their ethics. -Buildings are artistically designed and constructed to protect their occupants and 4. Express Values- Arts can illuminate our make their life more meaningful. Architects, inner lives and enrich our emotional world. Industrial and Graphic Designers, and Interior Designers share the responsibility in 5. Commemorate Experience- Arts serves to building environment that balance forms and convey the personal Experiences of an artist functions. and record his impression in his work.  Aesthetic Function -Any artwork means beauty. It is visual 6. Create harmony– An artist makes use of spice for gracefully adorned interiors and the composition to put an order in the can bring out the most elegant features of diverse content of his work. different decor elements. It reasonably reproduced visual images which DEFINING ARTS communicate through fantastic persuasions and meaningful words.  art is everywhere  art as expression and communication PURPOSE OF ART  art as creation Creativity  art and experience  art and nature Creativity or imagination is the primary basis of art.  art as beauty It allows expression of individuality of the artist. Exploring Arts and Culture Some purposes of art are the following: Culture pertains to the “complex whole” of ideas FUNCTIONS OF ARTS and things produced by people in their existence.  Personal Function It is a set of values, beliefs and attitudes that a -Every masterpiece is a product of an artist’s person or group of individuals may possess. mind and creativity that depends on an artist’s emotions, thoughts, and feelings as CULTURE AND ARTS influenced by his surroundings. Culture is an accumulation of shared knowledge,  Physical Function experiences, values, attitudes, hierarchies, -It is an art form that serves various physical meanings, beliefs, notions of time and space, purposes for usefulness and comfort or material objects acquired by people in a contiguous functional. However, when art work serves space through generations both aesthetic and functional then it is called utilitarian. CULTURE AND SOCIETY  Social Function Culture and society are interwoven but should not -Refers to artworks that collectively address be confused. Culture comprises “objects” in a to culture, political, environmental or preliterate society. On the other hand, society is community issues. consisting of people that share a common way of 1. Pictorial forms living. 2. Satire 3. Propaganda literature Key Concepts of Culture 4. Advertising Art 5. Cultural/Historical/Religious  Culture is a total pattern Functions  Culture has structure  Culture is learned/adapted 1. Pictorial forms  Culture is shared -This kind of social function is a powerful means of  Culture is influential putting across a message, humanitarian concerns as  Culture is transmitted well as ideological or political comments.  Culture is dynamic/ culture change  Culture Differences 2. Satire (Caricature) Elements of Culture -It aims to ridicule an individual, groups, or society with the aim of sending across a message of  Trait awareness and change.  Complex  Pattern 3. Advertising Art  Meanings -It aims to affect the buying behavior of people.  Functions  Institutions 4. Cultural/Historical/Religious Function Synchronic- It is a method in examining works of -It commemorates important events that are part of art, where we are looking into art as it is or per se. traditions and practices. Diachronic- It analyzes the evolution of art forms  Utilitarian over time or duration.  MANNER OF PRESENTING ART AS A -Common characteristic of this art comprises the SUBJECT two dimensional surface, emphasizing the flat, and rejecting the traditional forms. Presenting an art subject requires some tools and authority -The artist projection of cubism illustrated fragmented objects.  Art critics may vary in their thoughts, ideas, and evaluation. There are common ways of -They use cone, sphere, and cylinder as pictorial presenting art as a subject: Realism, elements of their desired output. Abstraction, Surrealism, Fauvism, Dadaism, Expressionism, Futurism, and Symbolism. 4. DISTORTION 1. REALISM -There is an alteration of the shape, forms its What you see is what you get! original form like twisted or bent out of shape from -the exact replica regular condition. -they draw images that are accurate and real that -Distorted paintings include a person’s body parts does not need interpretation. like nose, eyes, and face. -For other forms of art, the scenes will depict the -In the process, the figures or subjects have been realities of life. arranged in such a way the proportions differ from that of the natural measurements. It is achieved for -Realism becomes a “platform” for presenting spirituality, power, and authority. actions and social conditions as what they actually are; these are without idealization or presentation in abstract form. 5. MANGLING -Introduced by Dadaist artist around 1918. 2. ABSTRACTIONISM -Literally not appealing to the audience. Abstract art finds its meaning with the artist. -Common characteristic are objects or persons who -It is a manner or the process of simplifying and re- are severely injured, mutilated, slashed, or organizing objects and elements either with shapes disfigured. or color. -It refers to visual artworks that move beyond 6. ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM reality as contrasted to realism. Pollock led the revolutionized art. -It provides avenue wherein not only meanings are residing with them but the totality of the work isi -The so-called Radical Abstract Styles. moving away from what they really are. -Gestural abstraction It is known as color field or action painting 3. CUBISM becausework of art becomes an “event” -Characteristics of messiness, exceptionally -Dada works often show rejection of logic, zeroing energetic application of paint which includes on none-sense, intuition, and irrationality. spontaneity, free, and personal emotional expression. -This has led artist to express more due to their anger as they perceived society’s senseless war and unjust condition. 7. SURREALISM -They have intended their art to express offensive and provoke artistry and political elites. It is a way of representing the subject by combining realism and distortion. -It involves a lot of contradictions of situations of 10. EXPRESSIONISM reality and that of absolute reality. -In expressionism the brushwork is typically free -Super realism and the applied paint has the tendency to be generous and textured highly. -The art movement starts at 1900 -The artist let the viewers to see the depiction of the -It was used to reunite the conscious and subjects with swirling and swaying brushstrokes. unconscious realms of experiences as the worlds of fantasy and dreams are merged to the rational -It seeks to picture subjective emotions and in living. effect, viewers often see the work as emotional and mystical. 8. FAUVISM 11. FUTURISM -There is employment of colors as mentioned in symbolism art. -Characterized by technology, modernity, youth and speed are observed here. -Bright to express joy, happiness, and freedom -Common objects include airplane and urbanized -would not likely use dark colors. Largely city. influenced by Matisse. -Dynamism -Fauvist identified themselves as “wild beast” -Adoption of technology -The presentation has become an antecedent to Expressionism and Cubism, as well as modes of Abstraction. 12. SYMBOLISM Even the colors used in an artwork signify meaning 9. DADAISM and their utilization convey significance in an artists’ work. -Started as protest against the arts Switzerland. -White for purity -Dada means “hobby horse” which technically means non-sensical way of presenting art. -Red for violence -Black may mean something evil. Levels and Meaning of Subjects  Encaustic  Tempera  Factual Meaning  Fresco -A subject that is represented and referred to  Watercolor its literal statement or narrative content.  Oil  Subjective Meaning  Mosaic -When an artist provides personal meaning to its work.  Acrylic  Conventional Meaning  Stained Glass -The special meaning that a certain object  Tapestry has for a particular culture, society or group  Drawing of people.  Velvet Painting What is a MEDIUM? ARTIST AND THE ARTISANS It refers to materials used in the work of art.  Production, Process, Medium, Technique,  For painting- Pigments and Curation  For sculpture and architecture- Wood and stone ARTIST  For sound and dance- Medium -Refers to the making of any artwork or products What is a Technique? that came from one’s expression of creativity and imagination that is for pure aesthetic reason. It came It refers to the ability of the artist to make his from the french word “artise” that refers to creative medium works for him to produce effects for his professionals; ranging from painting, sculpture, artwork that he cannot possibly attain by any other music, and performing arts. means. ARTISANS  In literature- words to express emotions  In music- handle musical interpretation. -They produce crafts out of the imagination and creation of the artist. It came from the Italian word This is what actually differentiates an artisan and an “Artigiano” that refers to a skilled craft worker who artist. creates or makes things by hand either for function or even for aesthetic purposes. PAINTING MEDIUMS When it comes to production, technique, and It is the process of applying pigment on a smooth medium, ARTIST is more free and able to explore surface securing interesting arrangement of forms, and manipulate its mediums and applies freely the lines, and colors. It is made of Pigments that technique. Whereas, ARTISANS, commits its work supplies the colors and requires the liquid to the with the aid and instruction from the artist, the pigments before applying it to the flat surface. techniques, and procedures. There are limitations to 1. Encaustic minimize errors. -oldest painting medium made from bee’s wax and THE MEDIUMS AND TECHNIQUES resin Painting Mediums 2. Tempera -One of the oldest painting medium It is made of -an art form utilizing spray paint and performed in earth or mineral pigments mixed with egg yolks and poster board or wood or even in food like cake. white egg. -Traditionally called “graffiti”. 3. Panel Painting or Mixed Painting 10. Mosaic -is a method of painting where egg in tempera is used to build volume, then glazed with oil paints -It is only related to painting because it creates mixed with resin--- producing a jewel-like effect. pictures on flat surface. -It’s a floor or wall decoration made of small cubes 4. Fresco or irregularly cut pieces of colored stones or glass -Earth pigments + Water on a plaster (Plaster is called “Tesserae. damp) Color sinks into the surface and becomes an integral part of the wall. For Asians, there’s this we -Purpose of which is to inspire and for religious call “Fresco Secco) purposes. 5. Water Color 11. Stained Glass -Made out of pure pigment bound with gum Arabic. -An artwork that creates pictures on a flat surface It is done in one sitting. Gouaches is material in the with the use of glass into pieces. paint in which the pigment has been mixed with -Commonly seen in gothic cathedrals chalk like material--- making the paint opaque. -It allows lights 6. Oil -It depicts scenes from the bible. -Thick pigment that requires the application or turpentine or any solvent before application. 12. Tapestry -Slow to dry. -These are fabrics into which colored designs have been woven. It added colors to the drab interiors. -Can be changed (It can be worked over a long period of time. -It serves to retain in the room whatever heat was generated from the fireplace. 7. Impasto -It is added to the features of every home to provide -a 3 dimensional character, a technique used in oil, privacy and illusion of space. by dabbing the lumps of thick paint on the canvas with a knife. 13. Drawing 8. Acrylic - This is the most fundamental of all skills needed in arts. -a synthetic paint used as binder. -“Study” for the sake of learning or investigation. -The newest medium. -“Sketch” showing the general organization or -With quick drying characters of watercolors and design of a product being planned. oil. -“Cartoon” -Does not crack, turn yellow or darken with age 9. Spray Paint -Pencil- is a medium made of lead of which it  WET-ON-WET comes in different hardnness. -Layers of wet paint are applied to previous layers of wet paint. -Oldest materials that is still in used is “Ink”  CHIAROSCURO SAMPLES OF INK -Characterized by strong difference between light and dark. Sepia -To achieve volume. -A dark brown ink coming from the ink sac of the  SFUMATO squid. -To create a perception of depth. -It means “smoky” Bistre -It overlays translucent layers ofcolors or tones -A gray brown ink made from the soot produced by -Goal= no perceptible transition burning some woods. -Smooth Chinise Ink  REPOUSSOIR -From the French verb which means “to -Solid stick dissolved in water before used. push-back”. -It puts a figure in or object in the extreme  PASTEL AND CHALK foreground. -A drawing medium made of dry pigment -To increase illusion of depth and focus on held together with a gum binder and the subject. compressed into sticks.  CHARCOAL PRINT MAKING -A drawing medium that comes from a burned twig or wood. -It originated as early as 3500 BCE in Persia  CRAYONS RELIEF -A drawing medium made of pigments bounded by wax and compressed into sticks -involves cutting away from a block of wood the  SILVER POINT portions of designs the artist does not want to show. -A pointed instrument or a silver wire drawn LITHOGRAPHY over a sheet of paper prepared beforehand with zinc white -a planographic that make use immiscibility of water and grease. VELVET PAINTING INTAGLIO -The use of black or any color of velvet cloth in support for paper, silk or any materials as its -Image or design is scratched or engraved into a canvas. metal plate. -The velvet provides dark backgrounds. SCREEN PAINTING TECHNIQUES -also known as serigraphy creates a bold color using stencil technique. -To provide Illusion od depth, colors, and meaning to the work. XYLOGRAPHY CYCLORAMA -The art of carving wood. -Series of images that represents a continuous scene. STENCIL PRINTING -The oldest form of graphic art. ART AND SCULPTURE Mediums and Technique OTHER PRINTING PROCESS ENGRAVING Medium in Sculpture -incising lines into hard surface. -integrated with the sculpture SAND PAINTING -It is used to create and decorate or embellish many -referred to as dry painting. It is the art of pouring architectural structure. colored sands onto surface to make a painting. Architecture PHOTOGRAPHY -An art of designing a building and supervising its -drawing or writing with light. construction. -It is the actual likeness, the production of which is -A shelter to serve as protection of all activities in the artist’s creativity men 3 steps -A creation for the fulfillment of man’s need.  Choosing the subject Person’s Needs  Mechanical process  Chemical process  Intellectual Needs  Psychosocial Needs DIGITAL PRINTS  Emotional Needs -edition of images created with a computer using  Physical Needs drawings, other prints, photographs, and so on. The Mediums TARPAULIN  Wood -from the french word “trick the eye” -The softest and most available and used material. -It is a new unique art technique that is used and -Easier to carve involved in creating extremely realistic imagery. -Treated to preserve its quality. -It can be used as a theater backdrop.  Metal -Characterized by capacity, ductility, GICLEE conductivity and peculiar luster when freshly fractured. -Process of fine art prints from a digital source using ink-jet printing 1. Cooper  -Metal used as a casting medium. It is -ABACA- a fiber material obtained from the reddish in color, a good conductor of leafstalk of a banana plant. heat and electricity, and normally shaped -BAMBOO- used for building nipa huts as by hammering. walls or foundation. The use of it can lead to substantial savings since it can be found in 2. Bronze the environment. -most popular metals for sculpture -PALM FRONDS STEM- used for non- because it possess atmospheric structural panela, certain walls, screen and corrosion. base of the house. -MUD BRICKS- materials that have 3. Gold and Silver beneficial effect in hot, dry climates. -a casting material for small pieces only. -CONCRETE MATERIALS- a more -Rare and very expensive material dominant and a very popular building -Historically, used as religious and material used at present for building personal adornments. structures and houses. 4. Brass  Stones -Has many practical uses -hard and brittle substance formed from -It does not rust mineral and earth material. -It takes high polish 1. Granite 5. Lead -granular igneous rock composed of -Used for casting and forging feldspars and quarts. -It can be worked into a variety of unique and exciting forms. 2. Basalt -hard and black in its color. Mostly 6. Aluminum used in spas and massage healing centers. -The newest addition to the list of metal mediums. 3. Limestone and Sandstone -Fine, soft, even texture, and ideal for sculpture.  Indigenous Materials -Materials found in the locality and are 4. Marble widely -a limestone in a more or less -used for both sculpture and architecture crystalline state. purposes. -Brecciated- composed of angular -Many of them are parts of plants, trees, and fragments used for flooring fruits -Serpentine- variegated or perfect -SAWALI- materials that refers to the outer angle often used in planes. covering of bamboo poles as a woven 5. Jade material for cement. -COCO COIRIS - product material of a -Fine and colorful stone usually coconut used as sandwich panels’ insulation. green and widely used in China. -BAGASSE- a sugar cane waste used for cement backing. 6. Ivory -It comes from the main parts of tusk of elephants. The white substances are used to make carvings, piano keys, and billiard balls.  Ceramic Materials -Manufactured in many ways with the use of clay. 1. Clay -a natural earthy material that has the nature of plasticity when wet. 2. Terra Cotta -known as “Baked Earth”. It is easily broken. 3. Porcelain -used for brick-a-back, figurine, and dentures  Glass -It is a hard brittle used as covering and paneling. It is used to make beautiful yet fragile figurines.  Plaster -Used extensively for making manikins, molds, architectural decorations and other indoor sculpture.  Plastic -A material transformed by chemical process. It is lightweight, easy to handle and remarkably scratch and strain resistant.