Art Appreciation Midterm Reviewer PDF

LESSON 6: EXPRESSIONS OF Wassily Kandinsky’s Untitled Abstraction - Elongation (First Abstract Watercolor) Achieved by lengthening, protracting ART PRODUCTION...

LESSON 6: EXPRESSIONS OF Wassily Kandinsky’s Untitled Abstraction - Elongation (First Abstract Watercolor) Achieved by lengthening, protracting ART PRODUCTION or extending an aspect or feature of Was painted in 1910 and is considered by a subject. Realism art historians to be the first purely abstract Attempts to portray the subject as it painting. The bold portrayal of vibrantly is colored spots, smears and lines foregoes Describe accurately and honestly as all visuals reference to objective reality. possible what is observed and through the senses Abstraction - Distortion Manifested when the subject is misshapen or the regular shape is Abstraction - Mangling twisted. Subjects are hacked and cut with repeated blows Abstraction Is rarely used by artists today. Here, Used when the artist becomes the subject is either cut, or mutilated interested in one phase of a scene or a situation Does not show the subject as an objective reality; only the idea or feelings about it JMB - 1A  Symbolism Subject represent an idea or concept devoid in the image but rather expressed through the various elements in the piece Dadaism Formed in 1916 by a group of artist Abstraction - Cubism and poets in Zurich, Switzerland Uses cones, cylinders or spheres at Reject logic, reason, and aesthetics the expense of other pictorial of capitalist societies elements Fauvism Originated from les Fauves (Fench: the wild beast) Subjects are typically of comfort, joy, and pleasure JMB - 1A Futurism Fresco Originated in Italy in the early 20th Painting done on a moist plaster Century surface with colors ground in water Emphasizes on speed, technology, or limewater mixture youth and violence, and objects as cars, airplanes, and industrial cities Water Color Pigment mixed with water and Tempera applied to fin white paper Mineral pigments mixed with egg yolk and ore Surrealism Founded in Paris 1924 by French poet Andre Breton Known for its visual artworks which sought to express the imaginings of the unconscious mind Gouache An opaque watercolor JMB - 1A Pastel Mosaic Tapestry Stick of dried paste made of pigment Small pieces of inlaid colored stones Fabric produced by hand-weaving ground with chalk and compounded or glass called tesserae to create an colored threads upon a wrap; hung with gum and water image on walls Oil Oil paintings appear glossy and last Stained glass long Small pieces of colored glass held Bistre Most costly material to use for together by bands of lead Brown pigment extracted from the painters soot of wood and often used in pen and wash drawing JMB - 1A Line Blue can "slow the pulse rate, lower body temperature, and reduce appetite." Blue is - This is the most primitive, the considered a business color because it most universal and the reflects reliability. simplest of all the elements of art / painting Black is the absence of light and therefore, of color. The qualities and movements of line may suggest meanings It represents power, sexuality, sophistication, formality, elegance, wealth, a. Vertical lines – stability, dignity, mystery, fear, evil, anonymity, unhappiness, solemnity, joy, happiness, strength, depth, style, evil, sadness, remorse, anger, majesty underground, good technical color, mourning and death. b. Horizontal line- quietude, calmness, and repose In speech we say "Don't let a black cat cross your path", "Black Market" or "Black c. Slanting/diagonal line– gives a feeling Monday". of motion, lose of control and instability Green, one of the most-often cited d. Straight jagged line/broken line – favorite colors. It represents nature, suggests disorderliness and violent environment, health, good luck, renewal, action youth, vigor, spring, generosity, fertility, e. Curved lines/scrolled line – express jealousy, inexperience, envy, misfortune. continuity, life energy action and "Its cool quality soothes, calms, and has pleasure great healing powers." It is often worn in Blue represents peace, tranquility, calm, operating rooms by surgeons. stability, harmony, unity, trust, truth, In China, green hats mean a man's wife is confidence, conservatism, security, cheating on him; it is not a good color for cleanliness, order, loyalty, sky, water, cold, packaging. technology, and depression. JMB - 1A  In France studies have indicated We associate red with love, In eastern cultures white symbolizes green is not a good color choice for valentines, danger, desire, speed, strength, coldness and sterility. packaging either. violence, anger, emergency exit signs, stop signs and blood. Yellow represents joy, happiness, In India green is the color of Islam. optimism, idealism, imagination, hope, Red can evoke a fight-or-flight sunshine, summer, gold, philosophy, In Ireland green has religious response, raise blood pressure and make dishonesty, cowardice, betrayal, significance (Catholic). the heart beat faster. jealousy, covetousness, deceit, illness, hazard, spirituality and inspiration. In some tropical countries green is Red would not be the color of choice associated with danger. for psychiatric wards, prisons or a hospital. The yellow rose is a symbol of friendship, less passionate or Orange is a combination of yellow and In China red symbolizes celebration threatening than red ones. red. Orange is considered a warm color and luck, used in many cultural ceremonies like red, but to a lesser extent; orange that range from funerals to weddings. In Asia yellow is sacred, and imperial. expresses energy. It has luminous qualities and has been used for In India red is the color of purity (used attention-getting purposes, such as on in wedding outfits). caution signs. White is what we see when all colors come Orange brings up memories of fall together in perfect balance. leaves, pumpkins and Halloween. It symbolizes balance, warmth, It represents reverence, purity, enthusiasm, vibrance, flamboyancy, and simplicity, cleanliness, peace, humility, is demanding of attention. precision, innocence, youth, birth, winter, snow, good, sterility, and marriage. In Ireland orange has religious significance (Protestant). We use white in figures of speech like "pure as the driven snow" or "a white lie." We Red is the color that we pay the most associate white with the good guy in old attention to. It is the warmest and most western movies. energetic color in the spectrum. In Japan, white carnations signify death. JMB - 1A LESSON 7: ELEMENTS OF ARTS SHAPE SPACE Two-dimensional area that is defined The area where the shapes and AND DESIGN in some way, perhaps with a outline forms exist or solid area of color Area in, around, and between the DESIGN May also be implied components of the designs A plan or drawing produced to show Negative space - are within a design the look and function or workings of that is void of materials art The look of the art piece itself LINE The path of a moving point Has two specific behaviors: static and dynamic Has two specific ‘existence’: actual lines and implied lines FORM Objects that have three-dimensions: length, width and depth The configuration of an individual component of the overall, geometric shapes JMB - 1A TEXTURE COLOR The way things feel or how they look Appeals directly to the audience's and feel if a person touches it emotions and stands for ideas and The surface quality of a material, as feelings perceived by the sense Categorized based on degrees: primary, secondary and tertiary colors JMB - 1A LESSON 8: PRINCIPLES OF GRADIATION Combining art elements by using a DESIGNS series of gradual changes in those elements While the elements of art design help the Favors step-by-step changes audience identify the basic building components of an art work PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNS Helps figure out the visual appeal and aesthetic employed by the artist Fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design EMPHASIS The way in which the artist combines BALANCE the art elements to stress the The way art elements are arranged differences between those elements to create a feeling of stability in a and create more centers of interest work; also called as symmetry in a work Contrast Visual balance causes an audience Makes one part of a work dominant …..to show difference and diversity in an to feel that the elements have been over other parts artwork by combining elements to create arranged appropriately interest. Contrast is to provide an artwork ….arranging elements so that no one part with something interesting to break the of a work overpowers, or seems heavier repetitions. than any other part. Two different kinds of balance are symmetrical and asymmetrical. Symmetrical (or formal) balance is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be the same. Asymmetrical (or informal) balance is SHARBAT GULA/SHARBAT BIBI when two sides of an artwork are different. “sweet-water flower girl” JMB - 1A  RHYTHM AND MOVEMENT Combining art elements to produce the look of action or to cause the viewer’s eye to sweep over the work of art in a certain manner Achieved through repeated art elements Rhythm can make an artwork seem active. Some different kinds of rhythm are: Movement HARMONY In two dimensional art, occurs when objects Accenting the similarities of art Regular rhythm - a repetition of elements appear to be moving. MOVEMENT creates a elements and binding the design that are evenly spaced. sense of excitement and helps direct the parts into a whole viewer’s eye around the image The appearance of congruency Irregular rhythm - elements that are repeated but not exactly. Progressive rhythm - as elements repeat, You can create an illusion of movement they increase or decrease in size. through the following techniques: You can create movement using diagonal or curvy lines. JMB - 1A You can create movement by blurring objects. Create movement by using repeat similar Create a sense of MOVEMENT through a shapes or objects. progression of images, like a comic strip. You can create movement by creating an illusion of space. Movement can also be made by using Movement ……creating the illusion of energetic mark making. action or physical change in position. Leading viewer’s to sense action, or, the path the viewer’s eye follows throughout an artwork. You can create movement by changing directions. JMB - 1A PROPORTION UNITY The relationship of art elements to The quality of wholeness or oneness the whole and to each other of the art piece Highlights the comparative size, Achieved through deliberate or quantity and degree of emphasis intuitive balancing of harmony and among the components of the art variety piece Good proportion creates HARMONY and BALANCE in a work of art. *Golden ratio Here are a couple of ways to use VARIETY proportion: Combining art elements in involves ways to achieve intricate and Standard Proportion: Objects appear to complex relationships be correct in size in comparison to its Obtained through the use of diversity surroundings. and change in increasing the visual interest of the work Altered Proportion: Proportions of objects have been changed or appear unrealistic. Miniature Proportion: Objects are smaller than normal. Monumental Proportion: Objects are larger than normal. JMB - 1A LESSON 9: THE ANCIENT ARTS EMERGENCE OF ART Covered period such as Paleolithic, ART AND THE RELIGIOUS AND Neolithic, the Bronze Age and Iron POLITICAL ORDERS Age Thrived between 5000BC and No uniformity emerged from any 300AD sources nor any art movement ; Means to enforce religious and most were used as social archives political order Characterized as stiff, explicit, and Ancient art - those created from direct representation of life 30,000BCE to 400AD Code of Hummurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law of ancient Khafre Enthroned Mesopotamia, dated back to about 1754 Pharaoh Khafre of the fourth dynasty BC (Middle Chronology). of ancient Egypt (2570BC) It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. EGYPT Depicts Gods, Goddesses and Pharaohs Characterized by the idea of order Used symmetry to create sense of order and balance (static lines) JMB - 1A ROSETTA STONE Hermes is represented in the act of Contains three versions of a decree carrying the child Dionysus to the nymphs issued at Memphis, Egypt who he charged with his rearing. The uplifted right arm is missing but may have held out to the child a bunch of grapes to symbolize his future as the god of wine. Contrapposto is an Italian term that means “counterpoise”. It is used in the visual arts to describe a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot, so that its shoulders and arms twist GREECE off-axis from the hips and legs in the axial Include much pottery sculpture plane. Athena Parthenos (contrapposto), and architecture Housed in the Parthenon Periods: Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic Ermes and Infant Dionysus The Athena statue depicted a fully-armed Also include coin design and gem Gods of Trade and Travel and woman wearing a goatskin shield known as engraving Harvest an aegis. She held a six-foot tall statue of the Greek goddess Nike in her right hand The first monumental sculptures of the high Hermes was the ancient Greek god of and a shield in her left hand that illustrated Renaissance were the Pieta and David. trade, wealth, luck, fertility, animal various battle scenes. Two griffins and a husbandry, sleep, language, thieves and sphinx stood on her helmet and a large travel. snake behind her shield. JMB - 1A  King Chandragupta I Issued gold coin during the Gupta Period The Gupta Empire was characterized by wealth and prosperity, largely thanks to its control over lucrative trade routes. Gupta ports and trading centers connected merchants from East, Central, West and South Asia, as well as some that had connections to Europe and East Africa. A sarcophagus is a box-like funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly INDIA carved in stone, and usually displayed Date back to the Indus Valley above ground, though it may also be Civilization some 5,000 years ago buried. Produced intricate bronzes as well as temple carvings and shrines Reflect Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism ROME Strongly influenced by Greek and Etruscan art Commemorate and glorify past emperors Express ideas of beauty and nobility verism JMB - 1A COLOSSEUM IN ROME NAGOYA CASTLE Used for gladiator shows Used to prevent fire The Colosseum is an amphitheater built in Nagoya Castle was Japan's first castle to Rome under the Flavian emperors of the be designated a National Treasure. Even Roman Empire. It is also called the Flavian after wartime air raid destruction, it was Amphitheatre. It is an elliptical structure deemed historically important enough to be made of stone, concrete, and tuff, and it designated a National Historic Site. stands four stories tall at its highest point. Restoration work being carried out is returning Nagoya Castle to original condition. Giant Panda Common Chinese painting subject Pandas have become a symbol of China and they are really significant to the Chinese culture. In addition to symbolizing strength, the panda also symbolizes JAPAN peace and friendship because they have Correspond to locations of a gentle temperament and aren't known for government attacking others. Strongly influenced by religion CHINA Flourished during the Jomon and Produced multiple classes of Yayoitimme periods bronzeware vessels for practical purposes as well as for religious and geomancy Date back to the Warring States Period (silk) Show more continuity between ancient and modern periods JMB - 1A