Art App Reviewer PDF

Art app reviewer 7. What is the primary purpose of "plastic arts"? Sample questions: a) To create works that can be heard 1. Which of the following is NOT a b) To create wo...

Art app reviewer 7. What is the primary purpose of "plastic arts"? Sample questions: a) To create works that can be heard 1. Which of the following is NOT a b) To create works that exist in time characteristic of the "humanities"? c) To create works that exist in physical a) Concerned with human thoughts and space feelings d) To create works that express emotions b) Includes visual and performing arts c) Focuses on scientific principles 8. Which of the following is an example of d) Explores human relationships a "kinetic art"? 2. What is the primary function of art, a) A painting according to the notes? b) A sculpture a) To create beautiful objects c) A dance performance b) To express ideas and feelings d) A poem c) To document historical events d) To entertain and amuse 9. What is the term for the art of designing and constructing buildings? 3. Which of the following is an example of a "representational" art? a) Sculpture b) Architecture a) Abstract painting c) Painting b) Non-objective sculpture d) Photography c) Realistic portrait d) A musical composition 10. Which of the following materials is NOT typically used in architecture? 4. Which of the following is NOT a visual art? a) Stone b) Wood a) Painting c) Metal b) Sculpture d) Glass c) Architecture e) Plastic d) Music f) Silk 5. What is the term for the material an IDENTIFICATION: artist uses to create their work? 1. Identify the art movement that a) Technique emphasized the use of bright, bold b) Medium colors and expressive c) Style brushstrokes. Fauvism d) Form 2. Identify the art movement that sought to depict the subjective 6. Which of the following is a type of emotions and responses of the painting medium that dries quickly and artist. Expressionism creates a matte finish? 3. Identify the art movement that used geometric shapes and a) Oil paint fragmented forms to represent b) Watercolor objects. Cubism c) Tempera 4. Identify the art movement that d) Pastel explored the subconscious mind and often used dreamlike imagery. Surrealism  5. Identify the art movement that Discuss the role of "technique" in art. How glorified the energy and speed of does technique differ from medium, and how modern life. Futurism can it contribute to the artist's success? ESSAY QUESTIONS: Answer: Technique refers to the specific skills and methods an artist employs to manipulate Explain the difference between their chosen medium. While medium refers to "representational" and the materials used, technique focuses on the "non-representational" art. Provide examples artist's mastery of those materials. Technique can of each type. involve brushstrokes, sculpting techniques, musical phrasing, or any other specific skill that Answer: Representational art aims to depict contributes to the final outcome. It is distinct recognizable objects or scenes from the real from medium but equally important, as it allows world, striving for realism and accuracy. the artist to fully realize their artistic vision and Examples include portraits, landscapes, and still express their ideas effectively. A skilled lifes. Non-representational art, on the other technique can elevate the artwork, enhance its hand, does not attempt to depict any aesthetic appeal, and communicate the artist's recognizable subject matter. It focuses on intention more effectively. abstract forms, colors, textures, and emotions. Examples include abstract paintings, Explain the significance of "art appreciation" non-objective sculptures, and some forms of and how it can enrich our lives. music. Answer: Art appreciation is the ability to Discuss the importance of "medium" in art. understand, analyze, and engage with works of Explain how the choice of medium can art. It involves recognizing the artist's intention, influence the artist's expression and the the techniques employed, and the overall overall aesthetic of a work. message conveyed. Art appreciation can enrich our lives in numerous ways. It expands our Answer: The medium in art refers to the understanding of the world, cultivates our materials and techniques an artist uses to create critical thinking skills, and fosters empathy and their work. The choice of medium is crucial as it emotional intelligence. By engaging with art, we significantly influences the artist's expression, can gain new perspectives, explore different the aesthetic qualities of the artwork, and the cultures, and connect with the human experience message conveyed. For example, oil paint on a deeper level. Art appreciation allows us to allows for rich colors and smooth textures, while appreciate beauty, find meaning in the world, watercolor creates a lighter, more fluid effect. and express ourselves creatively. Similarly, sculpture can be crafted from various materials, each with its own unique properties and aesthetic appeal. The medium ultimately shapes the artist's creative vision and contributes to the overall impact of the artwork. Describe the different types of "performing arts" and explain how they differ from visual arts. Answer: Performing arts are those that involve live performance and direct interaction with an audience. They are typically time-based and rely on the artist's physical presence and skill. Examples include music, dance, theater, and opera. Visual arts, on the other hand, are typically static and exist in physical space. They are created for contemplation and appreciation, rather than live performance. Examples include painting, sculpture, and photography. The key distinction lies in the element of time and the direct involvement of the artist in the experience. ART APP LECTURE: meaningful and enjoyable way. - Panizo and Rustia CHAPTER 1: IMPORTANCE OF ART Four common essentials of art THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF A. Art must be man-made ART B. Art must be creative, not imitative. C. Art must benefit and satisfy man and man - Nature of art must make use of art in practical terms - Subject of art D. Art is expressed through a certain - Function of art medium or material by which the artist - Scope of art communicates himself to his fellows. Art - Origin of art appreciation is the ability to interpret or understand man-made arts and enjoy them NATURE OF ART either through actual and work-experience - Art is very important in our lives. It with art tools and materials or possession of contributes to one of the oldest and these works of art for one’s admiration and most important means of expression satisfaction. developed by man. THE SUBJECT OF ART Various definition of art 1. Representational or Objective arts. 1. Art is derived from the Latin word arts, - This type of artwork depicts meaning “ability or skill. ” - J.V. Estolas something easily recognized by most people. 2. Art is taken from the Italian word artist, 2. Non-presentational which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery - This artwork has no resemblance to or form, inventiveness, and the associations any real subject. that exist between form and ideas, between material and technique. - A. Tan FUNCTION/S OF ART 3. Art is a product of man’s need to express 1. Aesthetic function himself. - F. Zulueta - Through art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of nature 4. Art is concerned with the communication 2. Utilitarian function of certain ideas and feeings by means of - With the creation and various forms sensuous medium, color, sound, bronze, of art, man now, lives in comfort and marble, words, and film. - C. Sanchez happiness. 3. Cultural function. 5. Art is that which brings life in harmony - Through the printed matter, art with the beauty of the world. - Plato transmits and preserves skills and knowledge from one generation to 6. Art is an attitude of spirit, and state of another. mind that demands for its own satisfaction 4. Social function. and fulfillment, a shaping of matter to a new - Through civic and graphic arts, man and more significant form. - John Dewey learns to love and help each other. 7. Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of some common but significant qualities of nature such as colors, sounds, lines, movements, words, stones, wood, etc., to express human feelings, emotions, or thoughts in a perfectly SCOPE OF ART drama); popular arts (film, newspaper, magazine, radio, According to Manaois there are two television; gustatory art are the dimensions of art cuisine (food preparation, beverage preparation); and decorative arts or 1. Fine arts/ independent arts applied arts (beautification of - Fine arts music, painting. sculpture, houses, offices, cars, and other architecture, literature, dance, and structures. drama. 2. Practical arts/ useful/ utilitarian Panizo and Rustia (1995) arts - or useful arts are industrial art, 1. According to purpose distributive art, and fishery art. a. Practical or useful arts or useful According to Custodiosa Sanchez (2002) arts arts consists of visual arts, literature, drama, - produce artifacts and utensils for the and theater, music, and dance. Visual arts satisfaction of human needs. those that we perceive with our eyes. Handicrafts (basket weaving, mat weaving, etc) embroidery, ceramics 1. Graph arts iron, and metal crafts, and tin can - painting, drawing, photography, manufacturing are examples of their graphic process (printing) arts. commercial art (designing of books, b. liberal arts advertisements, signs, posters, and - intellectual growth, such as in the other displays), and mechanical study of philosophy, psychology, process, in which portrayals of forms literature, mathematics, and sciences. and symbols are recorded on a c. fine arts two-dimensional surface. - creative activity for the 2. Plastic arts contemplation of the mind and the - include all fields of visual arts for upliftment of the spirit. Examples: which materials are organized into painting, sculpture, and architecture. three -dimensional forms such as d. major arts structural architecture, landscape - actual and potential expressiveness architecture (gardens, parks, such as music, poetry, and sculpture. playgrounds, golf course e. minor arts. beautification), city physical - practical uses and purposes, such as planning, and interior arranging interior decoration and porcelain art. (design of wallpaper, furniture), 2. According to media sculpture, crafts, industrial design, dress and costume design, and a. plastic arts theater design. - exist in a physical space and are perceived by the sense of sight. Such Josefina estolas (1995) group into major arts include sculpture and decorative and minor arts materials. b. phonetic arts 1. Major arts - utilize sounds and words as mediums - painting, architecture, sculpture, of expression. Examples: music, literature, music, and dance. drama, and literature 2. Minor arts c. kinetic arts - decorative arts, popular arts, graphic - element of rhythm. Dance is a arts, plastic arts, and industrial arts. popular type of kinetic art. She also grouped arts into visual arts d. pure arts graphic arts, plastic arts performing - only one medium of expression like arts literary arts (short story,poetry) sound in music and color in painting.  e. mixed arts - more than one medium such as the opera which combines music, poetry, and drama ORIGIN OF ART The history of art began with humanity, rooted in superstitions and spiritual beliefs. Indigenous art, expressed through dance, painting, music, and poetry, was central to ancient rituals and ceremonies. Early humans used dance to entertain, worship, and seek blessings, while music and poetry recorded their ancestors' lives and legends. Tribalist cultures adorned themselves with body painting during ceremonies, and cave paintings reflected religious beliefs. Temples from both the East and West showcase art connected to gods, goddesses, religious figures, and royalty. CHAPTER 2: THE ARTIST’S MEDIUM The artist and his medium - An artist shapes their vision through MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE their chosen medium, selecting one that best expresses their idea. Medium Sometimes, they use more than one - A medium, from the Latin word medium to enhance their creative *medium*, refers to the means by work. Artists typically choose which an artist communicates ideas. materials they can handle easily and It includes materials used to express that suit their plan, ensuring the feelings or thoughts. Various desired qualities are shown. They mediums include wood, bamboo, must understand and respect their bricks, and concrete for architects; medium to improve their skills. Each pigments on wood or canvas for medium has unique characteristics, painters; steel, marble, and wood for such as wood, which can be carved sculptors; instruments for musicians; in detail and, when varnished, and words for writers. The medium provides a smooth, glossy finish. is essential in the creation of art. The artist and his technique Visual art - Artists differ in technique, even - Visual arts are those that can be seen when using the same medium. In and occupy space. They are divided music, technique refers to a into two types: musician's ability to shape sound as desired. Technique varies across art 1. Two-dimensional arts: forms, and an artist’s technique in - These include painting, drawing, one medium differs from another. printmaking, and photography. The distinction between art and craft is often based on technique. For an 2. Three-dimensional arts artist, technique is a means to - These include sculpture, architecture, express ideas, while for a craftsman, landscape design, community it is the goal. This distinction planning, industrial designs, and highlights the importance of crafts. technique in differentiating art from craft. Auditory arts - mediums can be heard and expressed Mediums of the visual arts in time. these are music and - Visual arts are those arts that can be literature. perceived with our eyes. The most common visual arts are painting, Combined arts sculpture, and architecture. Their - mediums that can be both seen and mediums are discussed as follows: heard, existing in both space and time. These include dance, opera, Painting drama, and film. Along with music, - art of creating meaningful effects on they are part of the performing arts, a flat surface by the use of pigments. which portray significant events and Different mediums are used in are performed before an audience. painting. Each medium exerts a pronounced effect on the finished Technique product, is capable of varied - It is the ability with which he fulfills treatment, and determines its own the technical requirements of his stroke. These mediums are applied to particular work of art. it has wet plaster, canvas, wood, or paper. something to do with the way he manipulates his medium to express his ideas in the artwork. 1. Watercolor 7. Oil - is difficult to handle because - heavy painting medium where producing warm and rich tones using pigments are mixed with linseed oil this medium proves to be a and applied to canvas. It is flexible, challenge. On the contrary, allowing for slow drying, and watercolor pigments invite brilliance enabling changes and corrections and a variety of hues. Changes may over time. Oil paintings have a be made once the paint has been glossy finish and are long-lasting. applied, such changes normally tend to make the color less luminous. 8. Acrylic 2. Gouache - a popular medium among - a method of painting with opaque contemporary painters, combining watercolors. It is done by mixing the transparency and quick-drying zinc white with regular watercolor properties of watercolor with the paints to tone them down. flexibility of oil. It is a synthetic 3. Fresco paint mixed with acrylic emulsion as - is a painting method done on a moist a binder for coating artwork surfaces. plaster surface with colors ground in water or a limewater mixture. Fresco 9. Mosaic must be done quickly because it is an - art of putting together small pieces of exacting medium. The image colored stones or glass called becomes permanently fixed and “tesserae” to create an image. The almost impossible to remove tesserae are most often cut into 4. Tempera squares and glued on a surface with - is a paint made from mineral plaster or cement. Mosaic art is an pigments mixed with egg yolk or important feature of Byzantine white, forming an emulsion that churches. binds pigments to the surface. It dries quickly and is known for its 10. Stained glass luminous, clear, and beautiful colors. - as an artwork is common in Gothic Tempera was popular with painters cathedrals and churches. It is made before oil paints became common in by combining small pieces of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. It colored glass, held together by the is typically used on wooden panels hands of lead. The pictures in the smoothed with plaster, known as stained glass commonly depict the "gesso" (a mix of chalk and gum). lives of saints and in effect, also 5. Pastel serve as a means of religious - is a stick made from dried paste, instruction among Christians. combining pigment, chalk, and gum water. While vibrant, pastels are less 11. Tapestry popular due to the difficulty in - a fabric produced by hand-weaving preserving the artwork. The image colored threads upon a warp. The can lose brilliance if the chalk rubs woven designs often end up as off, making it challenging to pictorials, wall hangings, and maintain the original state. furniture covers. During the Middle 6. Encaustic Ages, they were hung on the walls of - early mediums used by the Egyptians palaces and in cathedrals on festive for painting portraits on mummy occasions to provide warmth cases. This is done by applying wax colors fixed with heat. Painting with wax produces luster and radiance, making subjects appear at their best in portraits. Drawings 7. Printmaking - is usually done on paper using - A print is anything printed on a pencil, pen and ink, or charcoal. It is surface that is a direct result of the the most fundamental of all skills duplication process. necessary in arts. Some of the world’s best-known drawings are by 8. Lithography the Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci - is a surface printing done from an (1452-1519). He drew everything almost smooth surface that has been from animals and birds to ideas for treated chemically or mechanically flying machines. so that some surface areas will print and others will not. 1. Pencil lead (graphite) - are graded in different degrees of SCULPTURE hardness or softness. Grades are - choosing a subject for sculpture, the chosen depending on the kind of most important thing to consider is drawing the artist will undertake. the material. The materials available for sculpture are limitless. Each of 2. Charcoal these materials presents a challenge - used in representing broad masses of to the sculptor’s creativity. light and shadow. Like drawing pencils, soft charcoal produces the Stone darkest value, while the hardest - hard and brittle substance form from produces the lightest tone mineral and earth material. Stones include sandstone, granite, basalt, 3. Pen and ink marble, and limestone. - One of the oldest mediums still in - use, offers a great variety of TYPES: qualities, depending in the tools and Granite- is a granular igneous rock techniques used in application. composed of feldspar and quartz, usually - India ink- comes in liquid form, and combined with other materials. is the favorite medium of comic strip Marble- is limestone in a more or less illustrators and cartoonists. crystalline state sufficiently closed in - Chinese ink- comes in solid sticks texture, and capable of taking a high polish. that are dissolved in water before - Brecciated Marble- is composed of they are used. angular fragments. - Serpentine Marble- is prized for its 4. Bistre variegated patterns and is often used - is a brown pigment extracted from in large flat planes. the soot of wood, and often used in Basalt- is hard and black. pen and wash drawings. Limestone- has a fine and even texture. 5. Silverpoint - To produce a silverpoint artwork, the a. Jade artist uses a silver stylus to produce a - A fine stone, usually colored green, thin grayish on specially prepared and used widely in ancient china. It paper. Silverpoint drawings were is believed to symbolizes virtues popular during the Renaissance such as faithfulness, wisdom, and period charity b. Ivory 6. Crayons - which comes from the main parts of - pigments bound by wax and shaped the tusks of elephants, is the into sticks for drawing, popular hand-white substance used to make especially among children. carvings and fashion jewelry  c. Metal There are various factors to be considered in - includes any of a class of elementary the choice and use of architectural materials. substances such as gold, silver, or These are: copper, all of which are crystalline when solid and many of which are 1. Structural property- workability with characterized by capacity, ductility, tools when used as construction materials conductivity, and peculiar luster a. Compressive strength when freshly fractured. b. Tensile strength c. Porosity d. Plaster d. Lightness - is composed of lime, sand, and e. Durability water. It is worked on an armature of f. Flexibility of use metal wires and rods in addition to g. Gracefulness various materials and fibers h. Rigidity 2. Physical property- use of the material for e. Clay aesthetic purposes - a natural earthy material that is a. Texture plastic when wet. It consists b. tonal quality essentially of hydrated silicates of c. Color aluminum and is used for making 3. Weakness of the material bricks and ceramics a. Rotting b. corrosion due to moisture f. Glass c. susceptibility to infection by - A medium that is hard, brittle, wood-boring weevils, termites, and non-crystalline, more or less other pests transparent substances produced by d. Discoloration fusion, usually consisting of e. solar radiation mutually dissolved silica and f. fungus growth silicates, and contains soda and lime. 4. Longevity of the material - lifespan of the material g. Wood a. 10 years - a medium is easier to carve then any b. 20 years other medium available because it c. Half a century can be subjected to a variety of d. More than a century treatment 5. Other inherent properties a. Weight Architecture b. water resistance - is an art. In its strictest meaning, it is c. heat resistance the art of designing a building and d. acoustic values supervising its construction. In its e. Availability broader meaning, architecture is f. Economy producing shelter to serve as protection of men in carrying out his Classification of Architectural Materials activities- work, recreation, and (Salvan, 1999) sleep. 1. Physical needs Materials used in architecture are classified 2. Emotional needs into three: 3. Intellectual needs 4. Psychosocial needs (1) the materials found in nature (direct product of nature) (2) materials manufactured or made by man (3) indigenous materials. Materials in Nature  1. Stone differing in texture, color, and - is one of the oldest and perhaps the design. most permanent building material. It is used in most of the great 2. Metals architectures of the world. Concrete - objects of iron and other metals were is a building material made of sand cast in form. Today, rolling and and gravel mixed with cement. Like pressing are considered as the most stone, it has high compressive important methods in manufacturing strength. It doesn't easily crumble or metal products. The common metals break down when subjected to heavy used in architecture are as follows: weight. It does not rot or corrode and a. Bronze - This material is popularly is fire resistant. For stronger used for banking screens, doors and structures, Ferroconcrete is used. It is grills, and hardware and lighting concrete reinforced with steel. features a. LIMESTONE - This type of stone b. Chrome - nickel steel - hard, has a fine, even texture. Its color non-corrosive metal which can lend ranges from a light cream to a buff itself to welding, stamping, and and from a light gray to a darker, forging. It may be polished or left bluish gray. It is most useful in walls dull. It is used in interiors for doors, and exterior parts of the building and panels, grills or railings. lends itself very well to carving. c. Copper - ductile and is adaptable for b. GRANITE - When polished, it is cornices, spandrels, and roofing. It frequently used as shafts of columns has a protective green carbonated with limestone or terra cotta capitals upon its surface which gives an and bases. The nature of this material interesting quality to the material makes it very adaptable to d. Wrought iron - used for brackets, monumental work. grills, hinges, locks, gates, and c. MARBLE - This is metamorphosed balconies limestone which is capable of taking e. Aluminum - non-corrosive and a polish. non-staining and can be cast or d. SANDSTONE - widely used in forged into various shapes to buildings that have an informal produce a desired design. character than in formal ones. This f. Monel metal - a mixture of nickel can be found in structures of the and copper with an addition of iron, earlier years up to the present silica, and manganese, giving an appearance that resembles that of a 2. Wood nickel. - not a permanent material but with g. Nickel silver - soft, has a dull proper care, it can last for a century. texture, and combines well with It is the common building material marble and wood for stylistic types before the 90s. It owes its popularity of architecture. It is ideal for interior to its abundance, relative durability, work. and high tensile and compression strength. 3. Concrete Materials - Materials like concrete and masonry Materials Manufactured by Man are increasingly favored in architecture for their availability, 1. Ceramic Materials durability, and flexibility. Concrete - manufactured in different ways. Clay offers high strength and aesthetic can be used to make bricks, roofing options. Masonry finishes, such as tiles, toilet tiles, and clay pot. washout finishes, use cement mortar Various forms of bricks and tiles and mixed with materials like pebbles, glasses are available in the market, broken glass, or synthetic stones. 4. Plastics Mediums of the Performing Arts - opened up new architectural forms - Performing arts creative activities and designs due to its versatility. presented before an audience, on Plastics may be sowed, cut, bent, stage, and in open places. When drilled, and treaded. They can also be heard and seen simultaneously, these molded, cast, extruded, and arts become combined arts. The laminated depending upon their performing arts include music, composition or use. Cast plastics dance, theatre arts (play or drama), may come as sheets, rods, strips, and literature cylinders, and cones and can be used 1. Music for walls, ceilings, and doors - an art - Culture is reflected in art. The more Indigenous Materials music a man knows, the more cultured he becomes. Music deals 1. Sawali - This material comes from with sounds. The mediums of music outer covering of bamboo poles. It is are vocal and instrumental music woven into mats and ideal for 2. Vocal music cement backing. - Vocal music is the oldest form of 2. Coco coir (trunks, leaves, husk) - music, produced by the vibrations of This by-product of coconut is used to vocal cords. To amplify the sound, minimize the use of cement and as resonators like the lungs, esophagus, sandwich panels for insulation. head, and mouth cavities are used. 3. Bagasse - This is a sugar cane waste Proper body, head, and mouth used for insulation or cement positioning helps the air vibrate backing. freely and increase volume. 4. Abaca. This is a fiber material a. Correct posture obtained from the leafstalk of a - Standing correctly allows air in body banana plant. Most of these materials cavities to vibrate and flow fully. To are found in the Bicol region. maintain balance, keep one foot 5. Bamboo - This indigenous material forward. When seated, keep your has a low degree of electricity, low back away from the chair in an concrete adhesion, and wide variable upright position. moisture content. It is very useful in b. Correct breathing architectural forms of designs, - The quality and volume of the voice mainly as reinforcement to concrete. depend upon breathing, proper It is mostly found in Nueva Vizcaya exhalation (putting put air) and and Isabela. inhalation (taking in air) are 6. Palm frond stems - This material is necessary. often used for non-structural panels, c. Correct placement of the voice walls, screens, and bases of houses. - prevent throat strain and develop Despite being widely used, it is good tone quality, avoid forcing the susceptible to termites and must be voice. Instead, project it upward replaced every 4 to 5 years. To raise towards the head to improve tonal its life span to 15 years and above, quality. the material must be treated with d. Correct diction anti-termite chemical like solignum - Good diction—correct or the structure must be raised above pronunciation, clean enunciation, the ground. and distinct articulation—is crucial 7. Mud bricks - This material is brittle, for conveying a song's meaning. has less strength, and cannot stand e. Correct interpretation up well to tension. However, it is the - Proper interpretation enhances choice of building material in places music's beauty. A singer's use of with hot, dry surroundings their face, eyes, and hands helps convey the song's meaning. Classification of Vocal Music - Lyric soprano: less high and - Vocal Music can be classified into flute-like. It is suited for sweet songs (1) Long vocal forms and (2) Short like melodies vocal forms. Long vocal forms 2. Men’s voices include: a. Tenor - the highest type in 1. Opera men's voices - drama set to music with action, b. Baritone - lies between tenor costume, and scenery. It consists of and bass overture, arias, recitative, ensemble, c. Bass - lowest and deepest and chorus. voice quality 2. Cantata - story told in the music without Instrumental music action. It is a smaller version of the 1. Sonata - a long composition for solo oratorio and may be secular or instruments, consisting of large religious. sections called movements. These 3. Oratorio movements are allegro, andante, and - This dramatic music form includes rondo. An example is Sonata C overture, arias, recitative, and major by composer Wolfgang A. ensemble, based on biblical stories or Mozart. contemplative themes. Performed in 2. Suite - a series of musical pieces that concert style without costumes or tell a story. A music that tells a story scenery, it emphasizes the chorus and is called program music while the often features a narrator. music that says no story is absolute 4. Moro - Moro music. An example is the - a Philippine drama set to music that "Nutcracker Suite" composed by depicts Christian and non-Christian Peter Tchaikovsky conflicts. 3. Symphony - a sonata for the 5. Zarzuela orchestra. Ludwig Van Beethoven - Philippine drama set to music that (1770- 1827) was a great musician like the opera. remembered for his immortal symphonies. Short vocal forms include: folk songs, art 4. Concerto - a sonata for solo and songs, kundiman, balitaw, danza habanera, orchestra designed to show off the anthem, motet, madrigal, ballad, chorale, virtuosity of the soloist. Some of the round/cannon, area greatest concerto musicians were J.S. Bach and Vivaldi. Voice Classification 5. Chamber music - written for two - Voice differs considerably depending solo instruments (violins and flutes) on its timbre (quality) and range. As and basso continuo (low string and to timbre, voices are classified into: keyboard) and usually in several women's voices and men's voices movements. Chamber music is 1. Women’s voices classified into sonata da camara a. Soprano (chamber sonata) and sonata da tone is lighter in character, less somber, and chiesa (church sonata). Some frequently more flexible. It is broken down composers of chamber music were into: Vitali, J.S.Bach, Torelli, and Purcelli Coloratura soprano: - highest and lightest of all voices. The music written for this Types of Musical Instruments voice quality is full of runs, trills, and light - Musical instruments, essential in ornaments. music, come in three main types: Mezzo-soprano: medium-high in tonal string (bowed), wind (blown), and quality. percussion (struck). Wind instruments include brass (usually made of brass) and woodwinds  (originally made of wood, but 2. Abstraction -Abstract art occurs modern flutes and piccolos are when an artist focuses on their own metal). In Philippine music, ideas or feelings about a scene or instruments are listed by range, with situation rather than depicting it as smaller instruments producing higher an objective reality. "Abstract" pitches and larger ones producing means to move away or separate lower pitches. from literal representation. a. Distortion - This clearly 1. String instruments manifested when the subject 2. Woodwinds is in a misshapen condition or 3. Brasses the regular shape is twisted 4. Percussion instruments b. Elongation - refers to the lengthening of a subject The properties of musical sound (protraction or extension). c. Mangling - not be common 1. Pitch - The highness or lowness of a way of presenting an abstract tone in the musical scale subject. But there are few 2. Duration artists who show subjects or - Depends on the length of time over objects that are cut, lacerated, which vibration is maintained. mutilated, or hacked -Tones are not only high or low but repeatedly. also short and long d. Cubism - It takes the abstract 3. Volume - refers to force or form through the use of a percussive effects as result of which cone, cylinder, or sphere at the tone strikes us as being loud or the expense of other pictorial soft. Forte means loud; piano means elements. Cubist wants to soft show forms in their basic 4. Timbre or tone color - Is the geometric shape. Paul individual quality of the sound Cezanne’s work played an produced by other instruments important part in the development of cubism Literature e. Abstract Expression - is a - The medium of literature is style of abstract painting that languages. Literature written in originated in New Work after languages like French, Chinese, World War III and gained an Italian, German or Russia. international vogue Symbolism Methods of art production and - A symbol in general is a visible sign presentation of something invisible such as an idea or a quality. 1. Realism - Realists aim to describe Fauvism observed reality as accurately and - It was the first important art honestly as possible. The artist’s role movement in 1990s. The fauves is to be objective, though personal flourished as a group only from feelings and thoughts may influence about 1903 to 1907 but their style their selection and presentation of greatly influenced many later artist. material. Henry Matisse led the movement Dadaism - The best known Dadaist was the French artist Marcel Duchamp. The Dadaist reacted to what the believed were out worn traditions in art and evils they saw in society. The name  “dada” is a French word meaning “Hobby horse” Futurism - These paintings glorified the mechanical energy of modern life. It is developed in Italy about the time cubism appeared in France Surrealism - Uses art as a weapon against the evil and restrictions the surrealists see in society. Surrealism invented the word meaning “super-realism “ the movement was influenced by Freudian Psychology which emphasizes the activities of the subconscious state of the mind. Expressionism - Artistic style in which the artist seeks to depict not objective reality but rather the subjective emotions and responses that objects and events arouse within a person. The artist accomplishes this aim through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, and fantasy and through the vivid, jarring, violent, or dynamic application of formal elements.