Arduino UNO Sensors PDF

Arduino UNO Sensors The most common sensor use in Arduino UNO Learning Objectives What is Sensor Difference between Analog and digital input pins Different kinds of sensor How does the sensor work and what is it used for What is Sensor A device which detects or measures a physical...

Arduino UNO Sensors The most common sensor use in Arduino UNO Learning Objectives What is Sensor Difference between Analog and digital input pins Different kinds of sensor How does the sensor work and what is it used for What is Sensor A device which detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it. A sensor converts the physical action to be measured into an electrical equivalent and processes it so that the electrical signals can be easily sent and further processed. The sensor can output whether an object is present or not present (binary) or what measurement value has been reached (analog or digital).  Difference between Analog and Digital sensor Analog sensors allow us to take readings over a range of values rather than just an ON/OFF condition. The digital pins on the Arduino provide a 1-bit signal (HIGH/LOW). The Arduino has a built-in 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). Analog signals allow us to precisely measure Temperatures, Distances, across a range and then respond accordingly. Whereas digital signals only tell us if a signal is active or not. 7 Sensors for Arduino You Must Learn The most common sensor use in Arduino Ultrasonic Sensor An ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object's proximity. You can calculate distances of 0.78 in-196 in (2cm-500cm). IR Sensor An infrared sensor (IR sensor) is a radiation-sensitive optoelectronic component with a spectral sensitivity in the infrared wavelength range 780 nm … 50 µm. IR sensors are now widely used in motion detectors, which are used in building services to switch on lamps or in alarm systems to detect unwelcome guests. The IR sensor has three pins (Ground, Power, and Signal). Connect the signal pin to any analog pin on the Arduino. Here’s how to wire an IR Sensor to an Arduino Uno. IR Receiver The Infrared Receiver is used to receive infrared signals and also used for remote control detection. There is an IR detector on the Infrared Receiver which is used to get the infrared light emitted by the Infrared Emitter. Rather than using IR light to detect an object or read a line, we’ll use an IR receiver to decode the signal from a TV remote. Photoresistor The fourth analog sensor for Arduino is a photoresistor (also known as a light-dependent resistor or LDR). Photoresistors can detect brightness. If you want to build a robot that follows a light or a prototype that triggers an action based on light or dark conditions, you’ll want to use a photoresistor. Photoresistors have two pins (Ground and signal). Because a photoresistor is a special type of resistor, you’ll create a voltage divider against the signal. You’ll also use a 10KΩ resistor to pull the signal up or down. This will determine whether dark is a high or low reading. Temperature Sensor (TMP36) The TMP36 is a low voltage, precision centigrade temperature sensor. It provides a voltage output that is linearly proportional to the Celsius temperature. It also doesn't require any external calibration to provide typical accuracies of ±1°C at +25°C and ±2°C over the −40°C to +125°C temperature range. You can also get a sensor module like the BME280, which reads the temperature, humidity, and also atmospheric pressure. This sensor is great for IoT projects or if you want to make a weather station. Potentiometer A potentiometer is a manually adjustable variable resistor with 3 terminals. Two of the terminals are connected to the opposite ends of a resistive element, and the third terminal connects to a sliding contact, called a wiper, moving over the resistive element. Some examples include controlling the brightness of an LED or setting the speed of a motor controller. Rotate the knob and you’ll get a proportional reading from the built-in ADC on the Arduino. Potentiometers have three pins (Ground, Power, and Signal). Alcohol Gas Sensor This sensor senses the presence of alcohol Gas in the air. The detection range is 10 to 1000ppm. Detecting Type: Alcohol, Ethanol Other useful sensors Other useful sensors Water sensor - This sensor is used for water detection and can be used in a project such as: sensing the rainfall, water level, water leakage, Tank overflow detector. This sensor can easily convert the water size to an analog signal, and the output analog value can directly be used in the program function, then to achieve the desired function. Line tracking sensor - This sensor tracks line. It is mostly used for projects where you want your robot/car to navigate following a white line of the black background. Methane CH4 Gas Sensor - This is a Methane propane hydrogen gas sensor for Arduino, great for home or factory gas leakage detection. This sensor can be used to Detect: Combustible gas such as LPG, butane, methane, alcohol, propane, hydrogen, smoke. 2.4GHz Wireless Transceiver in Antistatic Foam - It can help control objects wirelessly. This module can be used for projects such as wireless voice transmission such as VoIP, home automation and wireless networks. Color Sensor - This sensor detects static color and outputs a square wave with frequency directly proportional to incident light intensity. The ideal detection distance is 10mm. This can be used for sorting an object by colors.