Arbutil 2 Electrical, Electronics and Mechanical System PDF

ARBUTIL 2 ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS AND MECHANICAL SYSTEM REQUIRED PARTS OF ELECTRICAL PLAN ARBUTIL 2 A. GENERAL NOTES / SPECIFICATION Specification written on electrical plan should indicate : 1. That the design is done in accordance with the P.E.C. and all electr...

ARBUTIL 2 ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS AND MECHANICAL SYSTEM REQUIRED PARTS OF ELECTRICAL PLAN ARBUTIL 2 A. GENERAL NOTES / SPECIFICATION Specification written on electrical plan should indicate : 1. That the design is done in accordance with the P.E.C. and all electrical works shall comply with the provisions of all authorities having jurisdiction on the use of electrical power. 2. The nature of the service including voltage, phase and frequency. 3. The type of approved wiring to used in installing service entrance, feeders, sub-feeders, branch circuit conductors, remote control system, fire protection, signal and communication system. 4. All other aspects and details that the designer and the owner would want to be done in the actual construction of the project. 1. Works here under shall comply with the latest edition of the P.E.C, the national building code, municipal or city ordinances, office of the municipal or city electrician, & Meralco. 2. Type of services shall be 230 volts, 1 phase, 2 wire system, 60 hertz and there shall be only one service drop to the building. ARBUTIL 2 3. Method of wiring shall be EMT both exposed and embedded work with proper fitting and supports. In cases where concealed conduits wiring is impracticable to use, metal moulding may be applied. 4. All materials and equipment shall be new and approved type for both location and purpose intended. 5. All lighting and convenience outlet circuit homeruns shall be wired with no less than 2 sq. mm and 3.5 sq. mm respectively, unless otherwise indicated on the plan. 6. Lighting and power panel board shall be circuit breaker type surface or flushed mounted or as indicated on the plan; door shall be provided with locked and milled key, a line circuit directory card and holder shall be provided in innerface or door. 7. Whenever required and necessary, full boxes and junction boxes of proper sizes shall be installed at convenient and inconspicuous locations although such boxes are not shown on the plans nor mentioned in the specification. 8. All outdoor installation shall be weather proof type. 9. All electrical work shall be done under the direct and immediate supervision of a duly licensed Electrical Engineer. ARBUTIL 2 B. LEGEND AND SYMBOLS The legend or symbols shall show symbols or configurations and figures of devices and equipment used. Standard Electrical symbols can be obtained from the appendix – a of the Philippine Electrical Code. C. LOCATION PLAN Location or site plan with proposed structures and owner’s land drawn to appropriate metric scale shall show: 1. Bordering areas showing public or well known streets. 2. Location of service drop, service equipment and nearest pole of the utility company furnishing electrical energy. 3. Clearance of the path or run of service drops and service structure wires to adjacent existing or proposed structures.  D. RISER DIAGRAM The riser diagram consists of the schematic diagram of service entrance, feeders and branch circuits. This indicates: 1. The number of branch circuits, the size of conductors, size of conduit and protection for each branch circuit. 2. The sizes of feeders, its conduit and feeder’s protection. 3. The type of service, size of service entrance conductor, conduits and main protective device. E. TITLE BLOCK: Title block or nameplate of plans and drawings shall be a standard strip of 40 mm high at the bottom of each sheet. It shall contain the following: 1. Name and location of proposed installation, project, or watercraft; 2. Name, signature and address of owner/manager/operator; 3. Title of sheet and sheet number; 4. Scale used; 5. Name, signature and dry seal of professional electrical engineer together with registration number, Professional Tax Receipt (PTR) and Tax Identification Number (TIN); 6. Initial of draftsman; and 7. Date drawn or revised.  F. ELECTRICAL LIGHTING AND POWER LAYOUT Electrical layout for each floor of the building shall indicate the location of: 1. Location of lighting outlets. 2. Location of convenience outlets. 3. Location of switches with their corresponding symbols. 4. Location of outlets for air conditioning units. 5. Location of telephone, intercom and master antenna television outlets. 6. Location of service equipment and/or disconnecting means. 7. Location of service kilowatthour meter. G. SCHEDULE OF LOADS AND COMPUTATIONS: Schedule of loads in tabulated form shall indicate: A. MOTOR LOADS: 1. Motor as numbered or identified in power layout. 2. Type of motor 3. HP/kW/kVA rating 4. Voltage rating 5. Full load current rating 6. Frequency rating 7. Number of phases ARBUTIL 2 B. LIGHTING AND POWER LOADS: 1. Panel as numbered in the riser diagram. 2. Circuit designation number. 3. Number and lightning outlets in each circuits. 4. Number of switches in each circuit. 5. Number of convinience outlet 6. Voltage circuit 7. Fuse rating or trip rating of circuit protective device. C. OTHER LOADS 1. Designation number on plan 2. Description loads 3. Classification of service duty 4. Rating in kilovolt ampere (KVA) or kilowatt (KW) 5. Phase loading indicating full load line current 6. Voltage rating ARBUTIL 2 Design computation or Design analysis where necessary shall be included on the drawings or may be submitted on separate sheets of uniform size paper, shall allow : 1. Illumination design computations and tabulated lighting levels in lux critical areas in institutional, Industrial recreational & commercial building. 2. Feed lines and protective devices of motors, electrical equipment and appliances indicating types and ratings. 3. Sizes of branch circuit wires, Feeders and busbars including protective devices. 4. Size and type of service entrance wires, race ways and equipment. 5. Setting / ratingsof over current devices. GROUNDING PROTECTION A ground is an electrical connection which may either be intentional or accidental between an electric circuit or equipment and the earth, or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth. The purpose of grounding a circuit is to fix permanently a zero voltage point in the system. The grounded line of a circuit should not be broken nor fused to maintain a solid and uninterrupted connection to the ground. LIST OF GOOD ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR 1. Silver 2. Copper 3. Aluminum 4. Nickel 5. Brass 6. Zinc 7. Platinum 8. Iron 9. Tin 10. Lead LIST OF INSULATING MATERIALS 1. Rubber 2. Porcelain 3. Varnish 4. Slate 5. Glass 6. Mica 7. Latex 8. Asbestos 9. Thermoplastics 10. Paper 11. Oils 12. Wax 13. Dry air  WIRES AND CABLES Wires are those electrical conductors which are 8 mm2 (AWG no. 8) or smaller, while cables are those larger than the wires. They are either solid or stranded. Stranded wire – consists of a group of wires twisted to form metallic string. The total circular- mil area of a stranded wire is found by multiplying the circular mil area of each strand by the total number of strand. Cord is the term given to an insulated stranded wire. CIRCULAR MIL. This is the unit of cross section in the American wire gauge. The term “mil” means one- thousandth of an inch (0.001 in.). It is the area of a circular wire having a diameter of one mil. To find the number of circular mils in a circle of a given diameter, we have to square the number of mils in the diameter. DIFFRENT TYPES OF CABLES 1. Armored Cable. This type of cable, the type AC is a fabricated assembly of insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metalsheath. Armored cable is used in both exposed and concealed work. 2. Metal Clad Cable. Cable of the type MC is a factory assembled cable of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in a metallic sheath of interlocking tape, or a smooth or corrugated tube. This type is used specifically for services, feeders, branch circuits, either exposed or concealed and for indoor or outdoor work. 3. Mineral Insulated Cable. This type of cable, type MI, is a factory assembly of one or more conductors insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and enclosed in liquid-tight and gas-tight continuous copper sheath. The type MI is used in dry, wet or continuously moist location as service, feeders or branch circuit. 4. Nonmetallic Sheathed Cable. Types NM and NMC are factory assembled two or more insulated conductors having a moisture- resistant outer sheath, flame-retardant and non-metallic material. These types are used specifically for one or two dwelling not exceeding 3 storey buildings.  5. Shielded Nonmetallic Sheathed Cable. This type of cable, the type SNM, is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors in an extruded core or moisture-resistant and flame-retardant material, covered with an overlapping spiral metal tape. This type is used in hazardous locations and in cable trays or in raceways. 6. Service Entrance Cable. This is a single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or without an over-all covering, primarily used for services and of the types SE and USE. 7. Underground Feeder and Brach Circuit Cables. This type of cable, the type UF cable is a moisture-resistant cable used for underground, including direct burial in the ground, as feeder or branch circuit. 8. Power and Control Tray Cable. Type TC cable is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors with or without associated bare or covered grounding under a metallic sheath. This is used for installation in cable trays, raceways or where supported by a messenger wire. 9. Flat Cable Assemblies. This is an assembly of parallel conductors formed integrally with an insulating material web designed specifically for field installation in metal surface raceway. Cables of this type are the types FC. ARBUTIL2 10. Flat Conductor Cable. This type of cable, type FCC consists of three or more flat conductors placed edge to edge, separated and enclosed within an insulating assembly. This is used for general purpose, appliance branch circuits and for individual branch circuits specifically on hard, smooth, continuous floor surfaces, etc. 11. Medium Voltage Cables. MV cable is a single or multiconductor solid dielectric insulated cable rated 2,001 volts or higher and is used for power systems up to 35,000 volts. The MV cables are of different types and characteristics. TYPES OF WIRES A. TYPES T, TW, THW The most ordinary type of plastic insulated wire is the “type T”. It may be used only in dry locations. Some manufactures no longer make the ordinary Type T, instead produce Type TW, which is identical in appearance, but may be used in wet or dry locations. Also available is Type THW, is similar to Type TW but withstand a greater degree of heat, and consequently has a higher ampacity rating in the larger sizes. B. TYPES THHN, THWN These are comparatively new types of wire, consisting of the basic Type THH and THW but with less thermoplastic insulation, and with a final extruded jacket of nylon. Nylon has exceptional insulating qualities and great mechanical strength, all of which results in a wire which is smaller in diameter than ordinary Types T, TW, TW of corresponding size. TYPES OF WIRES C. TYPE XHHW In appearance, it resembles Types T, TW, THW but because of somewhat thinner layer of insulation, the over-all diameter is smaller. The insulation is “cross-linked synthetic polymer,” which has an extraordinary properties as to insulating value, heat resistance, and moisture resistance. It may be used in dry or wet locations. While at present, it is an expensive wire, it would be no surprise if in due course of time, this one single type will replace all the many types and subtypes of Type T or R now recognized by the Code. D. RUBBER-COVERED WIRE It consists of copper conductor, tinned to make it easier to remove the insulation, and for easy soldering. Over the copper is a layer of rubber, the thickness of which depends on the size of the wire. Then follows an outer fabric braid which is saturated with moisture-and-fire-resistant compounds; if it is set on fire with a blowtorch, the flame dies out when the torch is removed. TYPES OF WIRES E. OTHER TYPES Other types such as the basic Type R, which is suitable for only in dry locations, is no longer being made. The most ordinary kind is Type RHW, which may be used for dry or wet locations. Types RH and RHH have insulation which withstands more heat and therefore have a higher ampacity in the larger size. They may be used only in dry locations. CONDUITS PVC CONDUITS - Polyvinylchloride (PVC) widely used and choice for electrical conduit, duct, tubing, fittings, and boxes for years, because of resistance to corrosion and chemical, safely contain and protect power, telecommunications, utility, and signaling conductors and cabling. CONDUITS G.I. CONDUIT - Galvanized Iron, it is mostly used for construction of integrated wiring, fire-fighting wiring, etc. It has good shielding and anti- electronic interference performance. It can also be used as a BAS (building automation system and network integrated wiring perforated pipe in the construction of communication signal cables. because of high strength, durable and popular for commercial and industrial application subject to heavy loads. ELECTRICAL BOXES Electrical boxes - also known as junction, utility, and square boxes,it enclose wire connections. It help protect wires against short circuits, which can cause fires. They come in many shapes, sizes and kinds to fit wherever you need them. OHMS LAW OHMS LAW OHMS LAW OHMS LAW OHMS LAW OHMS LAW