Judaism - Introduction to World Religions PDF

DAY 4 JUDAISM INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGIONS AND BELIEF SYSTEMS JUDAISM The Jewish Religion THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM Yahweh made his appearance to His people by directly making a covenant with Abraham and Moses. THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM ABRAHAM...

DAY 4 JUDAISM INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGIONS AND BELIEF SYSTEMS JUDAISM The Jewish Religion THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM Yahweh made his appearance to His people by directly making a covenant with Abraham and Moses. THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM ABRAHAM: THE FOUNDER shepherd who came from Ur, Mesopotamia and moved to Harran made a covenant with Yahweh enlightened that there is only one true God THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM ABRAHAM: THE FOUNDER considered as the father of the three great monotheistic religions (Abrahamic religions): Judaism Christianity Islam THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM ABRAHAM: THE FOUNDER God revealed himself to him several times for an agreement to test his obedience. God blessed Abraham and his family in return. THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM ABRAHAM: THE FOUNDER be the father of the Canaan nation bring with him his family and his possessions circumcision of the male members of his family sacrifice Isaac, his child with Sarah THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM MOSES: THE LAW-GIVER He was born when the Israelites were slaves in Egypt. To save him, his mother and elder sister put him in a basket that was left floating in the Nile River. THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM MOSES: THE LAW-GIVER was raised as a prince and initially identified himself as an Egyptian killed an Egyptian foreman and lived in Midian Asked by God to lead the Israelites out of Egypt THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM MOSES: THE LAW-GIVER This is the tenth plague to demonstrate God’s power. The angel of death killed all Egyptian firstborn sons and spared the firstborn son of Israelites THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM MOSES: THE LAW-GIVER God helped the Israelites cross the Red Sea until they reached dry land, and water returned in time that drowned the Egyptians. THE FOREFATHERS OF JUDAISM MOSES: MOSES AND THE TEN COMMANDMENTS Moses received God’s commandments at the top of Mount Sinai in return for blessing them and keeping them safe from harm. TANAKH TALMUD referred to as the Hebrew composed of books that Bible are commentating and divided into three books: interpretative theTorah, the Nevi’im, consists of two books: and the Ketuvim Mishnah and Gemara  JEWISH SACRED SCRIPTURES: THE TANAKH TORAH NEVI’IM KETUVIM (THE TEACHINGS) (THE PROPHETS) (THE WRITINGS) It consists of laws It consists of 22 books It consists of materials based on Israelites’ given to Moses by that came from former knowledge and God at Mount Sinai in prophets and latter experiences with the two forms: written and prophets. Each book influence of other nations’ oral. was named after them. culture. JEWISH SACRED SCRIPTURES: THE TALMUD MISHNAH GEMARA (ORAL TORAH) (TO FINISH OR TO COMPLETE) These are composed of These are composed a written collection of of legal and ethical Jewish oral traditions to be passed through commentaries on the generations. Mishnah. ESTABLISHMENT THE CONSIDERED BIRTHPLACE OF JUDAISM IS THE LAND OF CANAAN. CANAAN WAS SITUATED IN THE SOUTHERN LEVANT TERRITORY. VIEW OF GOD JUDAISM IS A MONOTHEISTIC RELIGION. JEWS REFER TO GOD AS YAHWEH, WRITTEN AS YHWH, WORD ROOT OF "EHYEH ASHER EHYER." VIEW OF GOD JEWS BELIEVED THAT THE MESSIAH OR THE SAVIOR WHO WOULD UNITE THE PEOPLE WORLDWIDE HAD NOT COME YET. FOLLOWERS CAN BE CALLED JEWS, ISRAELITES, OR HEBREWS “GOD’S CHOSEN PEOPLE” ANYONE CAN BE JEWISH THROUGH A FORMAL PROCESS OF PROFESSING THE FAITH DOCTRINES OF JUDAISM THE TEN COMMANDMENTS handed down by God to Moses to serve as moral guiding principles for daily living of His chosen people, the Israelites The Ten Commandments 1. I am the Lord Your God. You shall not have other gods besides me. 2. You shall not make images of anything in heaven or on earth or in the water under the earth. 3. You shall not use the name of the Lord God in vain. 4. You shall keep holy the Sabbath Day. 5. You shall honor your mother and father. 6. You shall not kill. 7. You shall not covet your neighbor’s spouse. 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. 10. You shall not covet your neighbor’s goods. 613 MITZVOT (COMMANDMENTS) These are Jewish rules and commandments that cover many issues such as food, punishments, and ways to worship Yahweh. These are given by God to Moses as part of the covenant between God and His people.  613 MITZVOT (COMMANDMENTS) mitzvot aseh or Positive mitzvot 248 in number guide Jews on what they should do mitzvot lo ta’aseh or Negative mitzvot 365 in number remind Jews of what they should not do JEWISH BELIEFS AND PRACTICES SHABBAT a day of rest and prayer observed by reading or discussing the Torah, going to the synagogue, or sharing meals with other jews BAR MITZVAH Upon turning 13, a young boy is granted all the rights and obligations of a Jewish adult including the commandments of the Torah. PASSOVER celebrated by Jews to commemorate their freedom from slavery in Egypt celebrated by sharing a big ritual meal called seder and reading instructions from the Haggadah YOM KIPPUR also known as the “Day of Atonement” holiest day of the year for the Jews 10 DAYS OF AWE time for introspection and repentance ROSH HASHANAH Jewish New Year celebrated through fasting and holding a special religious service ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF JUDAISM Environmental Conservation Training | Feb. 2020 JEWISH SECTS ASSIMILATION AND SECULARISM HAVE BEEN THE CONCERN OF THE JEWS, HENCE LED TO MANY INTERPRETATIONS OF THE RELEVANCE OF THE RELIGION TO THE MODERN SOCIETY. JEWISH SECTS THESE LED TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE THREE SECTS: ORTHODOX, CONSERVATIVE, AND REFORM LIBERAL JUDAISM. ORTHODOX Jews who strictly adheres to the oral JUDAISM and written laws of Judaism. Strong belief that both the Torah and the collated oral laws are Divinely inspired. Interpretation away from the prescribed Judaic tradition, alteration Proponents of the Sect: and changes to these sacred Samson Raphael Hirsch documents are strictly prohibited. Moses Sofer CONSERVATIVE Jews that strictly follows the Torah but oral laws can be viewed on in the JUDAISM context of the modern age. Strong belief that the Torah is Divinely inspired and oral laws can be interpreted through science. Also called as Masorti Judaism, it is a Zacharias Frankel, a middle ground between the Orthdox German Jewish historian, and Reform Liberal Judaism was an important figure in the formation of the sect. REFORM Jews that embrace the changes in society while following some traditions LIBERAL of the religion JUDAISM Clamour for the importance of adaptability to the modern society. Relaxation in following religious Zacharias Frankel, a customs and traditions such as dress German Jewish historian, code, sabbath practices, inter-religious was an important figure in marriages, and important worship and the formation of the sect. ritual practices. ISSUES IN JUDAISM Jews faced many issues in the recent history, very similar to the fate of the ancient Jews. ISSUES IN JUDAISM In recent centuries, Judaism faced many issues such as Zionism, Antisemitism, and Holocust.  Jewish nationalist movement that ZIONISM called for a return to the promised land. It came from the experienced of Jews for many centuries as a nation without territory. Theodore Herzl was Jewish The movement gave birth to a more political leader who put complex problem that put the state of the cause of Zionism as an Israel in conflict with the Arab states in international issue that the West Asia Region. needs to be addressed. ANTISEMITISM General hatred to the Semitic race or Jewish race. Since the middle ages, Jewish Europeans experienced hostile interaction with non-Jewish population Jewish Europeans experienced Prominent European figures had discrimination in business, societal a friendlier relationship with the status, and priveledges. Jews such as Martin Luther and Napoleon Bonaparte.  One of the darkest period in history as HOLOCAUST millions of people were exterminated during World War II. Around 1.1 million to 1.8 million were killed, majority were Jews descent. Auschwitz concentration camp was The defeat of German one of the biggest facilities located in Empire on 1945 put a halt to Poland. the extermination of the Jews in Europe. Issues of Judaism in the 21st Century CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE JEWS AND PRESENT DAY PALESTINIAN ARABS IN ANTISEMITISM ISRAEL. ASSIMILATION OF SECULARISM OF MANY MANY YOUNG JEWS IN JEWISH TRADITION AND WORLD SOCIETY. CUSTOMS.  DAY 4 JUDAISM INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGIONS AND BELIEF SYSTEMS  ASYNCHRONOUS ACTIVITY ACTIVITY VIA GOOGLE FORM WILL BE POSTED IN THE GOOGLE CLASSROOM.