Approaches to Professional Nursing Practice Study Notes (Western Sydney University) PDF

lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Approaches to professional nursing practice - study notes Approaches To Professional Nursing Practice (Western Sydney University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or univers...

lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Approaches to professional nursing practice - study notes Approaches To Professional Nursing Practice (Western Sydney University) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 WK 1 - LIFELONG LEARNING Lifelong learners definition - Individuals who are continually learning and making effort to learn new things - These people enjoy learning, ask questions, reflect, gain knowledge and engage in learning by actively seeking opportunities - Being up to date with current policies and procedures - Increases patient safety, Strategies and resources for lifelong learning - Postgraduate studies - Workplace professional development opportunities - Self directed research and reading of peer reviewed journals/ textbooks/ research - Local libraries provide access to electronic databases, textbooks - Professional organisations - Remaining current with healthcare policies and guidelines - Ongoing critical reflection Benner’s 5 stages of lifelong learning 1. Novice Practitioner: has little or no experience and requires rules to guide their practice - this is the stage you are at now 2. Advanced beginner: some experience and typically able to demonstrate “marginally acceptable performance” - new graduate stage 3. Competent Practitioner 4. Proficiency Practitioner: Moving from fragmented understanding towards an integrated understanding 5. Expert Practitioner: Have lots of information and experiences. Makes connections and decisions without relying heavily on rules and guidance Lifelong Learning and EBP - In order to be lifelong learners in relation to nursing practice, we need to become what has been termed reflective practitioners Professional attributes Include: - Ethical practice (code of ethics), professional practitioners, reflective practice, self awareness, lifelong learning, evidence based practice (EBP) - A lot of the professional attributes overlap partially in reflective practice, lifelong learning and EBP Theory Practice Gap Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - The gap of what you learn in university (theory) and how you apply that knowledge in practice - We need to connect the theory (what we learn in uni) and apply it in the clinical environment Challenges for healthcare professionals - Reduced length of stay - Aging population - Increased morbidity - Increasing acuity - Increasing technology WK 2 & 3 - PROFESSIONALISM Self awareness Being aware of our values is important, because they provide frameworks for our perspectives on life, our thoughts and actions. Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Self unawreness If nurses are unaware of how their own values, beliefs and behaviour affect themselves, they will also not be aware of how they are affecting patients and colleagues. As a result, their ability to develop therapeutic relationships with their patients may be severely impacted. Critical reflection and self awareness - Reflective practice and self awareness link together - We need to understand ourselves to identity the influences on our thinking and actions - Family upbringing, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnicity, culture, physical and mental health, education - factors that influence how we think and act - Critical reflection and reflective writing will help to develop self awareness which in turn will enhance reflection - Identify beliefs, values, qualities, strengths and limitations – all of which influence your interactions with others and with yourself Benefits of Reflective writing - Develop new insights and self awareness - Identify strengths and weaknesses also patterns - Identify personal learning, growth and development - Formulate goals and measure progress towards achieving them - Make new connections - Identify influences (biases, values,assumptions) - Reduce stress (cathartic) and prevent burnout - Transformative - Enhance creativity and problem solving skills Law and nursing practice - Knowledge of the law is important and an obligation for nurses and midwives to practice in the clinical environment - Nurses and midwives must know and be aware of the law and respect the legal rights of patients - Failure to follow the law can lead a nurse or a midwife to face legal action by a patient or face consequences by a professional authority National Registration - AHPRA - Unregulated works are not registered with the health professional regulatory authorities and do not require a license to work e.g Assistance In Nursing - Regulated healthcare professionals e.g. nurses, midwives, Drs, pharmacist, etc are registered by the regulatory authorities who license the practitioner to practice in field Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Under australian law the objective national Tribunal - Independent body that conducts the tribunals to investigate complaints against registered healthcare practitioners The tribunal has dual role 1. Primarily - safeguard public safety To protect the health and safety of the general public by: - Minimising the recurrence of risk; and - Deterring instances of similar conduct by other practitioners - The provisions of 19% of the national law detail what a tribunal may decide to do once a decision has been reached as regarding of the respondent 2. Secondarily - safeguard professional standards - Educative to practitioners about professional conduct, thereby safeguarding the high standards in which the public can have confidence. - The role of the tribunal is not punitive Comprises - A chairperson (usually a barrister - legal perspective), two nurses (judged by peers who have an understanding of expectations of the role) and a lay member (general public) Conduct and misconduct Unsatisfactory professional conduct - Is conduct that is significantly below the standard reasonably expected of a practitioner of equivalent level and experience. Professional misconduct - It refers to unsatisfactory professional conduct that is of sufficient seriousness to justify suspension or cancellation of registration - It’s more serious WK 4 - IMAGE OF NURSING Why is the image of nursing so important? - It affects how we think about ourselves which affects what we do - It affects how others perceive us - Because images persist Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 In the media Real life Doctor’s handmaiden Trustworthy Ministering angel Patient advocates Battleaxe (bad nurse) Strong Predominantly female Intelligent Incompetent Dedicated Bossy and stern Caring Compassionate Professional Images of nursing Modern issue - Some people think nurses work in hospitals - nurses can work in aged care centres, prisons, medical centres (GP), lectures, school nurse etc - Predominantly female - however nowadays there are more male nurses Modern interpretation of nurses - Compassion, understanding, trustworthy, empathetic - Provide care/ help patients Some preserve nurses as angels: - Means that they are perfect (however no person is perfect) - Overlooks the hardwork and dedication that is required to be a nurse - Recruitment posters to join the US army (during war) was to recruit nurses but also women. By women recruiting in the forces it would shame man that did not enlight into the army Battleaxe or bad nurse - aggressive, domineering, fierce, angry and forceful - They treat patients badly - Stops people from becoming a nurse Buxom - They have a sexualised stereotype its a dangerous sterotype - Wearing tight fighting clothes - Came about because nurses take care of patients and sometimes there body parts are exposed Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 WK 5 - TRANSFORMATIONAL NURSING PRACTICE Transformative Nursing Practice 1. Self 2. Patients 3. Healthcare system through critical reflection and self awareness Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Ngingali Cullen Occupation: Aboriginal activist, community development worker health worker and nurse - She has served as a health policy officer for ASHIQS and sorry day committee Roles she played - She brought the Royal Flying Doctors service to the remote communities - The establishment of aborginal alcohol rehabilitation units - Crisis counseling services in port augusta jail - Setting up a health centre in port augusta for indigenous women - Establishing regional health centres in north and south Australia Carol perks With little resources since 1991 she has transformed the lives of the poorest residents of Laos. Ways she did this: - Establishment of a primary healthcare programs - First 2 years she saved hundred of people by changing birth procedures - Reduced the incident of ghutta by distributing iodine - Reduced the rate of malaria by by convincing residence to sleep under mosquito nets - Overseeing constructions of several hospitals and clinics Sandra Kelty She implemented support for mental health especially with susceptible community members. - Example - shed idea - where people come and talk to her about their concerns/ problems Roles Sandra has played - Clinical lead aboriginal mental health in Blacktown and Mt Druitt LGA - working in partnership with the aborignal community members and various agencies to transform health/life outcomes for aborignal men/ offenders - Providers clinical leadership/ mentorship to the development of an aborignal mental health workforce, supporting aborignal mental health trainees to become competent mental health clinicians and support managers/ supervisors developing the trainee’s competencies - Supports local community mental health initiatives and projects e.g Mt Druitt AVO court project, kinchela boys home aboriginal corporation mens pilot project Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 The nursing process - ADPIE Assess - Gather information, review history Diagnose - Identify problem list Plan - Develop goals, desired outcomes, action plan Implement - Perform nursing actions Evaluate - were desired outcomes and goals achieved? Critical thinking It is a "key component of much of today's contemporary portfolio development" and is an "effective tool for recognising formal and informal learning and development through practice" - Aids self motivation and feeling rewarded from efforts. Role of critical reflection in transformative nursing practice Critical reflection - awareness and understanding of the self enables a greater capacity to understand, empathise with and care for others and ultimalt be an agent for transformation - The development of reflection is linked to insight about our own assumptions, beliefs, values and ideals. By utilising the reflective process a student nurse/ RN can harness their knowledge ogv themselves (their strengths and weaknesses etc) to their nursing knowledge and skills to improve their critical thinking, judgment and effective action when they encounter challenges in their nursing practice. - Critical reflection allows nursing students to develop and transform their own approach to person centred care to visualise themselves dealing firsthand with a range of people's experiences, including the embarrassing, confronting, frightening and unfamiliar, in a caring and sensitive way Ways student nurses and RN’s can have an impact on transforming the lives of groups/ individuals - Continue to develop your reflective practice - continually developing self- awareness to refine skills in anticipating the needs of others - During clinical placement, engaging in critical reflection on individual patient hournets, developing empathy for that person could inform the student about even small things that could make a difference for that person e.g holding their hand, engaging them in conversations, opening blinds to broaden their outlook etc - Being a positive role model - contribute to transforming the practice of other nurses and inspiring others - Contributing to a positive environment in the workplace - being motivated about the days work, using positive language, encouraging teamwork and mutual support, encouraging self-esteem in others - Encouraging evidence based practice - reflecting on the why and how of Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 specific clinical action - Being trustworthy and reliable can inspire others - building trust with colleagues/ therapeutic reflections with patients WK 6 & 7 - SCOPE OF PRACTICE What does scope of practice include? - The nurse’s scope of practice includes their level of experience, competence and education incorporating the NMBA standards, codes and guidelines of professional practice. “Scope of practice is that in which nurses are educated, competent to perform and permitted by law. The actual scope of practice is influenced by the context in which the nurse practises, the health needs of people, the level of competence and confidence of the nurse and the policy requirements of the service provider” (NMBA, 2016, p.6) - Individuals may be required to update or increase their knowledge and skills to practice within their full scope of practise. Delegating tasks - RN’s delegate tasks to other worse from time to time - When doing this we need to be aware of their own scope of practice as well so we are assign tasks within their level of competency Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Why would it vary from nurse to nurse? - Scope of practice can vary from nurse to another depending on their area of employment, years of experience and registration standards What would be an example? For example - an Enrolled Nurse can administer medications but can only administer schedule 8 drugs in tandem with an Registered Nurse Roles of each profession Registered Nurses (RN) Enrolled Nurses (EN) Assistant in Nursing (AIN) - Registered with - Registered with - Unregulated AHPRA AHPRA - Support RN and - Supervise and - Accountable to RN EN delegate to EN and - Communicate - Accountable to RN AIN regularly with RN - Certificate 3 - Accountable for - Contribute to care - May be care, decisions planning but don't undergraduate including independently nursing student delegation make decisions - Assess patients - - Develop care plans - Evaluate care - General outline of tasks/ responsibilities Nursing classifications AIN - Assistant in Nursing Unregulated workforce/ certificate qualification AIN - Undergraduate student Studying in 2nd year of Bachelor of Nursing EN - Enrolled Nurse Certificate 4/ diploma RN - Registered Nurse University degree CNS - Clinical Nurse Specialist Additional study/ post-graduate qualifications CNE - Clinical Nurse Educator CNC - Clinical Nurse Consultant NP - Nurse Practitioner NUM - Nurse Unit Manager NMBA Registration Standards - RN’s are responsible and accountable for the supervision and the delegation of nursing activity to EN and others - Each registration standard has criteria specifying ghow the standard is Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 demonstrated. The cretera are not exhaustive and are designed to enable (rather than limit) the development of individual RN and their scope of practice - RN Standards are to be read in conjunction with other NMBA documents e.g. ethics, code of conduct, decision making framework NMBA Decision framework 1. The primary motivation for any decision about a care activity isd to meet clients health needs or to enhance health outcomes (after identifying the potential risks/ hazards associated with the care) 2. Nurses are accountable for making professional judgements about when an activity is beyond their own capacity or scope of practice and for initiating consultation with or referral to other members of the healthcare team 3. Registered nurses are accountable for making decisions about who is the most appropriate person to perform an activity that is in the nursing plan of care Decision making framework - RN’s, EN’s and midwives are responsible for making professional judgements about when an activity is within their scope of practice and, when it is not, for initiating consultation and collaboration with, or referral to, other members of the healthcare team Scenario: “scope” breaches - An EN cannot delegate to other staff or to a student nurse. - A student nurse must never administer medication without direct supervision of an RN. - A first year student nurse does not administer insulin under any circumstances. - A student nurse is not permitted to manage IV medications. - No research in MIMS before administering medication. - Should advise EN that instruction is outside of their scope of practice. Scope of practice of professionals - The full spectrum of roles, functions, responsibilities, activities and decision- making capacity that individuals within that profession are educated, competent and authorised to perform" (NMBA, 2013, p. 1). - Will often overlap with other health disciplines. Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Wk 8 - CONSENT, ETHICS AND CONFIDENTIALITY Informed consent? Every human being of adult years and sound mind has the right to determine what shall be done with his own body - Can be implied, verbal or written. - Must be freely and voluntarily given (without coercion, duress or fraud). - Information must be accurate, comprehensive, non-biased and in plain terms. - Adults must be competent, able and have the legal capacity to give consent. When it is consent not needed - Not all situations require informed consent e.g life threatening emergencies - However if situation is not critical and treatment is progressed without patient consent healthcare professionals may face charges of assault, battery, false imprisonment What are ethics? Ethics is about human potential, behaviour and expectations of what is good and socially worthy Law is about rules and the consequences or penalties imposed should someone fail to adhere to what society expects Ethical principles 1. Autonomy - freedom to decide right to refuse 2. Beneficence - good health and welfare of the patient. Treat all clients equally 3. Non-maleficence - intentionally action that cause harM 4. Justice - just behaviour or treatment - The study of what we ought to do. - Concerned with human wellbeing. - Prescriptive, ie what we should do. - Principles and ideas are universal. Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Ethics is more significant than law, politics or self-interest. ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses (2012): - Fundamental ethical values and standards for nurses in Australia and around the world. - Reference point for nurses to reflect on the conduct of themselves and others. - Guide ethical decision making and practice. - Outline to the community the ethical standards they can expect of nurses Ethics is not - Professional etiquette or opinion - Hospital policy or medical authority - Religion or morality - Law - Gut feeling or intuition - Empirical data - Public opinion or consensus - Following the orders of a supervisor or manager Confidentiality? - All information about a patient is confidential. It is only to be shared as necessary with the treating team. - Human rights. - Breaches will decrease patient trust in HCP, probably influencing the therapeutic relationship - May also impact on the profession as a whole - Laws have been enacted to protect privacy and confidentiality; breaches are, therefore, often illegal as well as unethical. - Requirements outlined in ICN Code of Ethics, Code of Professional Conduct and Standards for Practice for RN’s. Confidentiality or privacy - Confidentiality is the assurance that information (data) about a person will not be disclosed without their permission. - Privacy is an individual’s desire to control access to information about themselves. - Basically, confidentiality protects access to data, while privacy protects access to the person. Key issues Complaint asserts that the practitioner was guilty of unsatisfactory professional conduct because: Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Personal judgement and care were significantly below the standard expected; and - He breached privacy and confidentiality of patient's not in his direct care. - Complaint also asserts that these issues are of sufficient severity to warrant the more serious charge of professional misconduct which may result in suspension or cancellation of registration. Wk 9 - EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE How do nurses acquire knowledge? Subjective knowledge - Opinion based knowledge - use interpersonal communication skills within the context of a therapeutic relationship to learn how the patient feels about their life and their typical activities. Objective knowledge - Knowledge that results from research and scientific activities - eg T, P, BP, R, oxygen sats, ECG, blood tests, x-rays Ways of acquiring knowledge Ways of knowing: - Tradition custom and authority - Trial and error - Personal experience - Reasoning - Intuition Evidence based practice - EBP is the provision of (quality) nursing care that is supported by reliable research-based evidence Based on 3 main attributes 1. Best research evidence 2. Clinical expertise 3. Individual patient needs - Key to building an evidence-based practice in nursing. We can only practice EBP if we have “evidence”. - Develop knowledge for the discipline, including: - Patient-centred care, quality of care … - Nurse education Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Nursing administration - Healthcare services - Nurse characteristics - Nursing roles - Constantly evaluating and improving what we do. - Inform development of clinical guidelines. - Advances in medical/health knowledge. - Contribute to workplace satisfaction and retention Levels of Evidence 1. Systematic reviews - when you haven't done the research 2. Randomised controlled trials 3. Case-controlled studies 4. Non-experimental designs 5. Expert opinions 6. Views of colleagues/ peers Lifelong Learning and EBP - "Nurses demonstrate knowledge and clinical competence through the utilization of evidence-based practice, which is intricately intertwined with lifelong learning." - "A desire to incorporate the newest evidence into nursing practice is a component of lifelong learning" Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 WK 10- MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM Terminology Multidisciplinary team - care consists of at least one patient and multiple health professionals from several different disciplines. Interdisciplinary team - team members from different disciplines working collaboratively, with a common purpose, to set goals, make decisions and share resources and responsibilities. Transdisciplinary team - A process where a team shares skills, works together seamlessly and in a fluid way to meet combined outcomes. Multi-disciplinary team - Safe and high quality health care is delivered predominantly by teams, so we all need good teamwork skills. - No one person can meet the health care needs of a patient. Findings from Garling Inquiry - Healthcare professionals do not communicate effectively - Healthcare professionals do not recognise deteriorating patients - By working together as a team we can improve patient outcomes. - There is widespread evidence that effective teamwork and communication is critical to safety in many areas of society such as healthcare and aviation. - Medical errors, adverse events and patient harm are associated with poor teamwork and ineffective or insufficient communication Team members Patient Speech language pathologist Nurse Special worker Doctor Chaplain Physiotherapist Pharmacist Psychologist Diversional therapist Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Occupational therapist Podiatrist Dietician Exercise physiologists - And others……... Effective healthcare teams have (team attributes) - Clear purpose (usually best patient outcomes). - Clear roles - Good communication (Poor communication is one of the main reasons for dysfunction in a team.) - Phillips and Hickman described communication as an essential element when working as part of a team - Mechanisms for conflict resolution. - Shared language. - Interdependence. - Cooperation - Coordination of activities. - Division of tasks Successful teams - Allow for flexibility within the team and be alert to opportunities and strategies. - Identify potential barriers to success and try to do something about them. - Agree and implement actions - Identify opportunities and strategies - Take advantage of educational opportunities and team building exercises - Support people who find it difficult to work in teams Conflict Causes of team conflict - Unclear expectations - Poor communication - Lack of clear jurisdiction - Incompatibilities or disagreements based on difference - Conflict of interest - Operational or staffing changes - Lots of people from different disciplines with different perspectives Conflict resolution - Conflict is not always bad; may lead to new perspectives - However, serious conflict that affects team functioning needs to be resolved - Usually team leader responsible for and has skills in resolving conflict Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Early intervention - Good communication skills are helpful in resolving conflict - Phillips and Hickman described communication as an essential element when working as part of a team - Allow for flexibility within the team and be alert to opportunities and strategies for effective change - Identify potential barriers to success - Agree on and implement the framework to be adapted (e.g. shared care, case management) by the MDT - Identify opportunities and strategies to assist and promote change within the organisation - Take advantage of educational opportunities and team building exercises provided by the organisation - Managers within the organisation must recognise that some health care professionals find working in teams more difficult than others and support must be provided to those WK 11 & 12- LEGAL AND ETHICAL Advanced Care Directive - An expression of a person's wishes in respect to health care, when the person can no longer make decisions for themselves - There is no legislation addressing ACD in NSW: however they are legally Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 binding in NSW under the Common law Advanced Care Directives are only valid if - It is current - It is specific - The person making it should possess the requisite mental capacity to make one - It should be witnessed Clinical situations No Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Order - Valid for current hospital admission only; - Reviewed at least weekly - Can only be completed or revoked by consultant or registrar; - Patient’s best interest is paramount Do not resuscitate / Not for resuscitation - CPR in emergency situation - Staff need to be aware of DNR status - CPR in non-emergency may be battery - Not performing CPR may be neglect - DNR does not mean no care A DNR or NFRorder only valid if - For current hospital admission only - If reviewed at least weakly - If completed or revoked by consultant or registrar - If patient's best interest is paramount Euthanasia in Australia Laws regarding euthanasia or assisted suicide in Australia are matters for state governemnets, and in the case of territories, the federal government Victoria - An assisted suiced scheme has been in place since June 2019 and came into effect in Western Australia in July 2021 Tasmania - Passed voluntary assisted dying legislation in March 2021 and expected to go in effect in October 2022 South Australia - Passed legislation in September 2021 and goes into effect from January 2023 Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Voluntary euthansia and assisted suised are illegal in all territories of Australia under federal law as well as in New South Wales under the Crimes Act 1900 Euthanasia Issues - Euthanasia (mercy killing) - Doctrine of double effect - “Drawing the line” - Not “elder abuse” - Unrelievable suffering for weeks or months. Is this not abuse? - Safeguards: Voluntary; mental capacity; irreversible suffering; other options considered. - Turning off life support in the context of futility is not euthanasia. Definitions Euthanaisa - The intentional killing by act or omission of a dependent human being for his or her alleged benefit - If the death is not intended it is not an act of euthanasia Euthanasia is legal in The Netherlands, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Belgium, Oregon State, Washington State, Andalusia, (was briefly legalised in the NT in 1995 and then nullified in 1997) Assisted sucide - Someone provides an individual with the information, guidance and means to take his or her own life with the intention that they will be used for this purpose - When it is a doctor who heps another person to kill themselves it is called “physican assisted suicide” Mercy killing - Killing a chronically ill person as an act of “mercy” Homicide - Killing a person Doctrine of double effect Doing something morally good has a morally bad side-effect, it's ethically OK to do it providing the bad side-effect wasn't intended. This is true even if you foresaw that the bad effect would probably happen. Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 Death - Is a natural event - Is not necessarily a medical failure - Death can be a feared by some - because people don't talk about it Brain death - It is the complete loss of brain function, including involuntary activity necessary to sustain life - The person on the life support machine no longer has any brain functions - This means they will not regain consciousness or be able to breathe without support. - A person whose brain is dead is legally confirmed as dead Abortion - Also known as termination of pregnancy - Can be surgical (suction/ cervical dilatation) or medical (tablets) - When does life start - Conception? - Later? - Backyard abortion = 25% death rate - Unsafe abortion is one of the most preventable causes of maternal morbidity and mortality Debate about Abortion The abortion debate is the ongoing controversy surrounding the moral, legal, and religious status of induced abortion. Positions on abortion - Conservative - Moderate - liberal Transplants Tissue transplant - any human tissues, including organs Organ transplants - organs only Risk of blood transfusion - Inaccurate cross matching - Incorrect donor or patient ID - Patient did not need the transfusion Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Reaction (febrile, allergic or infection) NMBA and ACSQHC Documents July 2010 - National registration for all nurses and midwives in Australia introduced AHPRA (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency) - Regulating Australia's health practitioners in partnership with the National Boards - Registration Body Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - Complaints Body Role of NMBA - Registering nursing and midwifery practitioners and students - Developing standards, codes and guidelines for the nursing and midwifery profession - Handling notifications, complaints, investigations and disciplinary hearings - Assessing overseas trained practitioners who wish to practise in Australia - Approving accreditation standards and accredited courses of study - NATIONAL REGISTRATION FOR NURSES AND MIDWIVES INTRODUCED 2010 ICN code of Ethics for Nurses Purpose of NMBA Code of Ethics - Identify the fundamental ethical values and standards for nurses in Australia - Provide reference point for nurses to reflect on the conduct of themselves and others - Guide ethical decision making and practice - Outline to the community the ethical standards they can expect of nurses 1. Nurses and people The nurse’s primary professional responsibility is to people requiring nursing care 2. Nurses and practice The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining competence by continual learning. 3. Nurses and the profession The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice, management, research and education. 4. Nurses and co-worker The nurse sustains a collaborative and respectful relationship with co-workers in nursing and other fields Registered Nurses Standards for Practice 1. Thinks critically and analyses nursing practice 2. Engages in therapeutic and professional relationships 3. Maintains capability for practice 4. Comprehensively conducts assessments 5. Develops a plan for nursing practice 6. Provides safe, appropriate and responsive quality nursing practice Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 7. Evaluates outcomes to inform nursing Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses 1. Nurses practice in a safe and competent manner 2. Nurses practice in accordance with the standards of the profession and broader health system 3. Nurses practice and conduct themselves in accordance with laws relevant to the profession and practice of nursing 4. Nurses respect the dignity, culture, ethnicity, values and beliefs of people receiving care and treatment and their colleagues 5. Nurses treat personal information obtained in a professional capacity as well as private and confidential 6. Nurses provide impartial, honest and accurate information in relation to nursing care and health care products 7. Nurse support the health, wellbeing and informed decision making of people requiring and receiving care 8. Nurses promote and preserve the trust and privilege inherent in the relationship between nurses and the person receiving care 9. Nurses maintain and build on the community's trust and confidence in the nursing profession 10. Nurses practice nursing reflectively and ethically ACSQHC - National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards - 8 standards - Were developed by the Commission Aim of NSQHS Standards 1. Protect the public from harm 2. Improve the quality of health service provision 1. Clinical Governance Aims to ensure that a clinical governance framework is implemented to ensure that patients and consumers receive safe and high-quality health care - aims to ensure that there are systems in place within health service organisations to maintain and improve the reliability, safety and quality of health care. 2. Partnering with Consumers Aims to create (systems and strategies) health service organisations in which there are mutually beneficial outcomes by having: Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40425400 - consumers as partners in planning, design, delivery, measurement and evaluation of systems and services - patients as partners in their own care, to the extent that they choose. 3. Preventing and Controlling HAI Describes the systems and strategies to prevent infection of patients within the healthcare system and to manage infections effectively when they occur to minimise the consequences. 4. Medication Safety Describes the systems and strategies to ensure clinicians safely prescribe, dispense and administer appropriate medicines to informed patients 5. Comprehensive Care Aims to ensure that patients receive comprehensive health care that meets their individual needs, and considers the impact of their health issues on their life and wellbeing - It also aims to ensure that risks of harm for patients during health care are prevented and managed through targeted strategies. 6. Communicating for Safety Aims to ensure timely, purpose-driven and effective communication and documentation that support continuous, coordinated and safe care for patients. 7. Blood Management Aims to improve outcomes for patients by identifying risks and using strategies that optimise and conserve a patient's own blood - Ensures that any blood and blood products that patients receive are safe and appropriate. 8. Recognising and Responding to Acute Deterioration Aims to ensure that a person's acute deterioration is recognised promptly and appropriate action is taken. Acute deterioration includes physiological changes, as well as acute changes in cognition and mental state. Downloaded by sami beigi ([email protected])