APP1-Q1-W3-Academic-Texts-and-Languages.pdf

Academic Texts and Languages Lesson Objectives: I will be able to: 1. define academic text; 2. determine text structure of an academic text; 3. explain the components of the three-part essay structure. 4. determine the usage of academic language; and 5. constr...

Academic Texts and Languages Lesson Objectives: I will be able to: 1. define academic text; 2. determine text structure of an academic text; 3. explain the components of the three-part essay structure. 4. determine the usage of academic language; and 5. construct sentences using academic language. 2 “As a Louisian who bears the core value, Social Responsibility, how can you use this knowledge about academic texts in sharing information whether through social media or to others?” 3 1 Academic texts  Academic Texts defined as critical, objective, specialized texts written by experts or professionals in each field using formal language. This means that academic texts are based on facts with solid basis. Academic writing, therefore, is generally quite formal, objective (impersonal) and technical. It is formal by avoiding casual or conversational language, such as contractions or informal vocabulary. It is impersonal and objective by avoiding direct reference to people or feelings, and instead emphasizing objects, facts and ideas. It is technical by using vocabulary specific to the discipline. To be a good academic writer, you will need to learn the specific styles and structures for your discipline, as well as for each individual writing task. 5 Examples of Academic Texts Literary Analysis Research Paper Dissertation - information to support a - book-length summarization - examines, evaluates, and thesis or make an argument. of the doctoral candidate’s makes an argument about a research. literary work. - involves synthesizing this external information with your own ideas. Reaction, Review or Concept Paper Position Paper Critique Paper - presents an arguable - primary aim of a research - not simply summaries but are opinion about an issue – concept paper is to convince critical assessments, analyses, typically that of the author or the reader that the proposed or evaluation of different works some specified entity. research project is worth - involve your skills in critical doing. thinking and recognizing arguments. 6 2 Structure Two Common Structures of Academic Texts Three-Part Essay IMRaD The three-part essay The sections of the IMRaD structure is a basic structure structure are Introduction, that consists of introduction, Methods, Results, and body, and conclusion. Discussion. 8  Three-Part Essay Introduction. Its purpose is to clearly tell the reader the topic, purpose, and structure of the paper. As a rough guide, an introduction might be between 10 and 20 percent of the length of the whole paper and has three main parts: A. The most general information, such as background and/or definitions. B. The core of the introduction, where you show the overall topic, purpose, your point of view, hypotheses and/or research questions (depending on what kind of paper it is). C. The most specific information, describing the scope and structure of your paper. The Body. It develops the question, “What is the topic about?”. It may elaborate directly on the topic sentence by giving definitions, classifications, explanations, contrasts, examples and evidence. This is considered as the heart of the essay because it expounds the specific ideas for the readers to have a better understanding of the topic. It usually is the largest part of the essay. Conclusion. The conclusion is closely related to the introduction and is often described as its ‘mirror image’. This means that if the introduction begins with general information and ends with specific information, the conclusion moves in the opposite direction. The conclusion usually begins by briefly summarizing the main scope or structure of the paper, confirms the topic that was given in the introduction, ends with a more general statement about how this topic relates to its context. This may take the form of an evaluation of the importance of the topic, implications for future research or a recommendation about theory or practice. 9  IMRaD Introduction – Make a case for your research The introduction explains why this research is important or necessary or important. Begin by describing the problem or situation that motivates the research. Move to discussing the current state of research in the field; then reveal a “gap” or problem in the field. Finally, explain how the present research is a solution to that problem or gap. If the study has hypotheses, they are presented at the end of the introduction. Methods – What did you do? The methods section tells readers how you conducted your study. It includes information about your population, sample, methods, and equipment. The “gold standard” of the methods section is that it should enable readers to duplicate your study. Methods sections typically use subheadings; they are written in past tense, and they use a lot of passive voice. This is typically the least read section of an IMRaD report. Results – What did you find? In this section, you present your findings. Typically, the Results section contains only the findings, not any explanation of or commentary on the findings (see below). Results sections are usually written in the past tense. Make sure all tables and figures are labeled and numbered separately. Captions go above tables and beneath figures. Discussion – What does it mean? In this section, you summarize your main findings, comment on those findings (see below), and connect them to another research. You also discuss limitations of your study, and use these limitations as reasons to suggest additional, future research. 10  formal and informal vocabs 25 26 27 28 29 vocab check 1. 2. 15. 3. 16. 4. 17. 5. 18. 6. 19. 7. 20. 8. 21. 9. 22. 10. 23. 11. 24. 12. 25. 13. 26. 14. 27. 1. 2. 15. 3. 16. 4. 17. 5. 18. 6. 19. 7. 20. 8. 21. 9. 22. 10. 23. 11. 24. 12. 25. 13. 26. 14. 27. Do you have any questions? 33 Lesson Objectives: I will be able to: 1. define academic text; 2. determine text structure of an academic text; 3. explain the components of the three-part essay structure. 4. determine the usage of academic language; and 5. construct sentences using academic language. 34 “As a Louisian who bears the core value, Social Responsibility, how can you use this knowledge about academic texts in sharing information whether through social media or to others?” 35