Animal Tissues PDF

 A TISSUE is a group of connected cells that have a similar function within an organism. 1. Epithelial Tissue 2. Muscle Tissue 3. Nerve Tissue 4. Connective Tissue (Cartilage, Bone, Blood, Adipose) General functions of epithelial tissue 1. Provides a barrier between the ext...

 A TISSUE is a group of connected cells that have a similar function within an organism. 1. Epithelial Tissue 2. Muscle Tissue 3. Nerve Tissue 4. Connective Tissue (Cartilage, Bone, Blood, Adipose) General functions of epithelial tissue 1. Provides a barrier between the external environment and the organ it covers. 2. Specializes to function in secretion and absorption. 3. Protects organisms from microorganisms, injury, and fluid loss. 4. Excretes waste products such as sweat from the skin. ❖ Simple Epithelia- has single layer of cells. ❖ Stratified Epithelia- has multiple tiers of cells; range from 2 to 20 or more layers of cells. Squamous Cuboidal Columnar EPITHELIAL TISSUE TYPE LOCATION IN BODY STRUCTURE FUNCTION Responsible for Thin and flat cells diffusion. Thin Simple squamous Simple: capillaries, that are elliptically structure allows for and stratified alveoli (in lungs); shaped and lie on movement of squamous stratified: skin basement substances across membrane. the cells. EPITHELIAL TISSUE TYPE LOCATION IN BODY STRUCTURE FUNCTION Serve a protective Cube-like in structure; may Kidney tubules or function against bacteria occasionally have glands (regions of the and the wearing away of Cuboidal structures body responsible for certain organs by lining called microvilli on surface excretion). various structures. Also to aid absorption. prevent water loss. EPITHELIAL TISSUE TYPE LOCATION IN BODY STRUCTURE FUNCTION Elongated cells, nuclei Main function is located at the base of the protective. Prevents Digestive tract, cell. Cells connected by against bacterial Columnar reproductive organs tight junctions and receive infection. Can also their nutrients from the secrete mucus to protect basement membrane. surface from damage. Connective tissue is a biological tissue that is important in supporting, connecting or separating different types of tissues and organs in the body. All connective tissue is made up of cells, fibers (such as collagen) and extracellular matrix. General functions of connective tissue: 1. Binding of organs 7. Heat production 2. Support 8. Transport 3. Physical Protection 4. Immune protection 5. Movement 6. Storage 1. Fibroblasts- produce fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of the tissue. 2. Macrophages- are large phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy bacteria, other foreign particles, or dead cells of our own body. 3. Tendons- attach muscles to bones 4. Ligaments- join bones together at joints. 5. Blood- it does meet the criterion of having an extensive extracellular matrix. PLASMA RBC PLATELETS WBC 1. Collagenous Fibers- made of collagen, are tough, flexible, and resist stretching 2. Reticular Fibers- are thin collagen fibers coated with glycoprotein. 3. Elastic Fibers- are thinner than collagenous fibers, made of protein called “elastin” Is a specialized type of loose connective tissue that stores fat in adipose cells distributed throughout the matrix. Bone or osseus tissue, is a hard calcified connective tissue that composes the skeleton. Skeletal Smooth Cardiac Muscle Muscle Muscle Skeletal Muscle ❖Is generally responsible for voluntary movements of the body. ❖It is also called as “Striated muscle”. Smooth Muscle ❖Lacks striations and it is involutary. ❖It is found in the walls of digestive tract, bladder, arteries, and other internal organs. Cardiac Muscle ❖It is limited to the heart. ❖Cardiomyocytes are striated but differ from skeletal muscle in other ends. ❖Is specialized for communication by means of electrical and chemical signals. ❖It is found in brain and spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia.