Anatomy Lec 1 (Introduction) PDF

Introduction to Anatomy Aizaz Demonstrator Surgical KMU-IPMS Peshawar What is anatomy Anatomy is the branch of science that deals with the study of the structure of plants and animals. HUMAN ANATOMY Human anatomy is the study of the structure of different par...

Introduction to Anatomy Aizaz Demonstrator Surgical KMU-IPMS Peshawar What is anatomy Anatomy is the branch of science that deals with the study of the structure of plants and animals. HUMAN ANATOMY Human anatomy is the study of the structure of different parts and organs of the human body and also the interrelation of various structures that constitute these parts and organs.  HISTORY OF ANATOMY Anatomy is a Greek term which means to cut up.(Ana= excessive, tomy =cutting) The word was created in the ancient times when the knowledge of anatomy developed as a result of cutting up ( Dissection) of the animal as well as human anatomy. HISTORY OF ANATOMY The Greek physician Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.E) Known as “Father of Medicine” Wrote Several books on anatomy and considered the “The founder of anatomy” Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E) Famous Greek philosopher also wrote on the anatomy of human body and regarded as the 1st person who use word Galen (129-200) A Greek Physician work in Rome bring anatomical findings in organized written Form.His observation was based mainly on Animals dissections hence contain many errors. However Galen writings were accepted to be undisputable for about 1300 Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564) A Belgian Biologist considered to be father of modern anatomy.his work on Human anatomy titled De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septein ( Seven book on the structure of the human body) was Publish in the year 1543. his writings received wide acceptance because they were based on 1st hand experience of dissection on Human bodies  BRANCHES OF ANATOMY GROSS ANATOMY (Macroscopic anatomy) The study of those structure of human body that can be distinguished with naked eye without the help of any visual aid like lens or microscope. HISTOLOGY (Microscopic anatomy) The branch of anatomy that deals with the study of finer details of body structures with the help of microscope. EMBRYOLOGY ( Developmental anatomy) The branch of anatomy which deals with the study of human development before birth. BRANCHES OF ANATOMY REGIONAL ANATOMY (Topographical anatomy) The branch of anatomy in which we study specific portion or regions of the body. E.g. Head an neck, Trunk, Limbs SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY “ The study of the anatomy of specific systems of the body is called systematic anatomy.”  It is different from regional anatomy because most of the systems of the body are not limited to specific regions. For example Cardiovascular system reaches every part of human body and to study this system all region of the body have to be explored.  BRANCHES OF ANATOMY FUNTIONAL ANATOMY Correlation of the function of any organ or part of the body with its structure is called functional anatomy. SURFACE ANATOMY Surface anatomy deals with the relationship of deeper structures to the surface of the body. With the help of this various deeply located structures can be marked on the skin surface E.g. Heart , lungs, stomach, vessels. BRANCHES OF ANATOMY COMPARATIVE ANATOMY Comparison of the anatomy of human beings with that of other animals is called comparative anatomy. RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY This branch of anatomy deals with the study of the structure of human body by various imaging Techniques. E.g. X Rays. MRI, CT Scan. BRANCHES OF ANATOMY SURGICAL ANATOMY This branch of anatomy involves the study of those anatomical facts which are of practical value to the surgeons. APPLIED ANATOMY (Clinical anatomy) Application of the knowledge of anatomy for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases is called applied