Question Bank Anatomy PDF

Definition of what 1-It is round end of bone fitting snuggly within another bone.(Ball and socket joint ) 2-connect bone to bone.(Ligaments) 3-Originate from any of the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm).(Epithelialtissue) 4-the Fibers attached to one side of tendon.(Unipennate musc...

Definition of what 1-It is round end of bone fitting snuggly within another bone.(Ball and socket joint ) 2-connect bone to bone.(Ligaments) 3-Originate from any of the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm).(Epithelialtissue) 4-the Fibers attached to one side of tendon.(Unipennate muscles) 5-the muscle Fibres are attached into 2 planes crossing each other.(Cruciate muscles) 5-Dome-shaped structure separating the abdominal from the thoracic cavity.(Diaphragm) 7-It is muscular tube 25cm long begins in the neck as continuation of the pharynx.(Esophagus ) 8-lt lies in the upper part of the abdominal cavity behind the left lobe of liver and anterior wall of abdomen.(Stomach ) 9-it is soft lobulated gland, 12-15cm long lies transversely on the posterior wall of theabdomen.(Pancreas) 10-It consists of duodenum, jejunum and ileum.(Small Intestine) 11-It consists of prostatic Urethra, membranous urethra and penile urethra.(Male Urethra) 12- is a tube consisting of 9 cartilages (3 single and 3 paired) connected together bymembranes and ligaments and moved by special muscles. (Larnyx) 13- it Short, wide, Weight: 625 g, and Formed of three lobes.(Right lung )14- it is bean shaped. (Kidney) 15-It is a muscular tube about 25 cm long, extending from the hilum of the kidney to theurinary bladder, transmitting the urine. ( Ureter) 16-ten cm patent tube, transmits the air from the larynx to the lungs. It consists of 16-20C-shaped cartilages.(Trachea) 17-It lies in the lower right part of the abdominal cavity. It has lower blind end and it is continuous with ascending colon.( Caecum) 18-A piriform sac that lies in special fossa in the lower surface of the right lobe of theliver.(Gall bladder ) 19- it is developed from the middle gram layer (Mesoderm).(Contactive tissue ) 20- inside the organ or the body.(Internal) MCQ Which part of the digestive system is described as a muscular tube 25 cm long? Stomach Esophagus Small Intestine Liver Where is the stomach located? In the lower right part of the abdominal cavity Behind the right lobe of the liver In the upper part of the abdominal cavity behind the left lobe of the liver Below the diaphragm What is the function of the pancreas? Stores and concentrates bile Secretes enzymes for digestion and hormones for blood glucose regulation Transports food from the pharynx to the stomach Absorbs water and forms feces Which part of the small intestine is described as C-shaped and 25 cm in length? Jejunum Ileum Duodenum Caecum The large intestine is characterized by which of the following? Taenia coli, sacculations, and a narrow lumen Appendices epiploicae, sacculations, and a thick wall Taenia coli, appendices epiploicae, and sacculations Taenia coli, a wide lumen, and thick wall What are the parts of the small intestine? Duodenum, ileum, and colon Jejunum, ileum, and colon Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum Duodenum, colon, and rectum Which part of the digestive system contains the cardiac and pyloric parts? Esophagus Small intestine Large intestine Stomach Where does the liver lie? Lower left part of the abdominal cavity Upper right part of the abdominal cavity below the diaphragm Behind the stomach To the left of the small intestine What unites to form the bile duct? Right and left hepatic ducts Cystic duct and pancreatic duct Common hepatic duct and cystic duct Portal vein and cystic duct Which of the following is NOT a part of the large intestine? Caecum Ileum Sigmoid colon Transverse colon What is the function of the gall bladder? Secretes digestive enzymes Produces bile Stores and concentrates bile Absorbs nutrients Which part of the large intestine is continuous with the ileum? Caecum Ascending colon Descending colon Rectum Where does the common bile duct open into? Duodenum Jejunum Stomach Ileum Which part of the digestive system is described as a soft lobulated gland? Pancreas Liver Gall bladder Small intestine Which hormone is NOT secreted by the pancreas? Insulin Glucagon Adrenaline Both a and b What connects the stomach to the duodenum? Cardiac sphincter Pyloric sphincter Esophageal sphincter Jejunal sphincter Which part of the digestive system absorbs most of the water from ingested food? Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Pancreas Where is the vermiform appendix located? Attached to the liver Below the stomach Attached to the caecum In the pancreatic duct What is the main function of the small intestine? Storing feces Absorbing nutrients Producing bile Storing and concentrating bile Which part of the large intestine lies in the lower right part of the abdominal cavity? Sigmoid colon Transverse colon Caecum Rectum Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system? Larynx Trachea Esophagus Bronchi Answer: c) Esophagus How many cartilages make up the larynx? 3 6 9 12 Answer: c) 9 What is the primary function of the trachea? Produce vocal sounds Filter inhaled air Transmit air to the lungs Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide Answer: c) Transmit air to the lungs Which lung has a cardiac notch? Right lung Left lung Answer: b) Left lung What is the approximate weight of the right lung? 565 g 625 g Answer: b) 625 g Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system? Filtering waste products from the blood Regulating blood pressure Producing hormones Absorbing nutrients from food Answer: d) Absorbing nutrients from food Where are the kidneys located? In the thoracic cavity In the pelvic cavity On the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall Answer: c) On the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall What is the shape of the kidney? Pear-shaped Bean-shaped Triangular Answer: b) Bean-shaped What is the primary function of the ureters? Store urine Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder Filter waste products from the blood Answer: b) Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder Which part of the male urethra is the widest? Prostatic urethra Membranous urethra Penile urethra Answer: a) Prostatic urethra The primary function of the respiratory system is: A. Digestion B. Gas exchange C. Circulation D. Excretion The windpipe is also known as the: A. Larynx B. Trachea C. Bronchi D. Alveoli The voice box is called the: A. Larynx B. Trachea C. Bronchi D. Alveoli The smallest units of the lungs where gas exchange occurs are called: A. Bronchi B. Bronchioles C. Alveoli D. Pleura The dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the: A. Diaphragm B. Intercostal muscles C. Trapezius D. Pectoralis major The process of breathing in is called: A. Expiration B. Inspiration C. Ventilation D. Respiration The process of breathing out is called: A. Inspiration B. Expiration C. Ventilation D. Respiration The left lung has how many lobes? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 The right lung has how many lobes? A. 1 B.2 C. 3 D. 4 The condition of low oxygen levels in the blood is called: A. Hypercapnia B. Hypoxia C. Hyperventilation D. Hypoventilation The primary function of the urinary system is to: A. Digest food B. Circulate blood C. Remove waste products from the blood D. Produce hormones The functional unit of the kidney is the: A. Nephron B. Glomerulus C. Tubule D. Bowman's capsule The process of filtering blood to remove waste products is called: A. Reabsorption B. Secretion C. Filtration D. Excretion The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder is the: A. Urethra B. Ureter C. Renal artery D. Renal vein The muscular sac that stores urine is the: A. Kidney B. Bladder C. Ureter D. Urethra The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body is the: A. Ureter B. Urethra C. Renal artery D. Renal vein The hormone that regulates water balance in the body is: A. Insulin B. Glucagon C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) D. Aldosterone The condition of excessive urine production is called: A. Polyuria B. Oliguria C. Anuria D. Dysuria The condition of painful urination is called: A. Polyuria B. Oliguria C. Anuria D. Dysuria The condition of scanty urine production is called: A. Polyuria B. Oliguria C. Anuria D. Dysuria The process of breaking down food into simpler substances is called: A. Absorption B. Digestion C. Excretion D. Metabolism The first step in the digestive process is: A. Peristalsis B. Ingestion C. Digestion D. Absorption The enzyme that begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth is: A. Pepsin B. Trypsin C. Amylase D. Lipase The muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach is the: A. Esophagus B. Trachea C. Colon D. Small intestine The stomach's primary function is to: A. Absorb nutrients B. Store food C. Digest proteins D. All of the above The acidic environment of the stomach helps to: A. Activate enzymes B. Kill bacteria C. Break down food D. All of the above The small intestine is divided into three sections: the duodenum, jejunum, and: A. Ileum B. Colon C. Rectum D. Cecum The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the: A. Stomach B. Small intestine C. Large intestine D. Esophagus The large intestine's primary function is to: A. Digest proteins B. Absorb nutrients C. Absorb water and electrolytes D. Produce bile The liver produces bile, which helps to: A. Digest fats B. Absorb carbohydrates C. Kill bacteria D. Neutralize stomach acid The pancreas produces enzymes that help to digest: A. Carbohydrates only B. Proteins only C. Fats only D. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats The hormone insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels, is produced by the: A. Liver B. Pancreas C. Adrenal glands D. Thyroid gland The process of eliminating waste products from the body is called: A. Digestion B. Absorption C. Excretion D. Metabolism The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract are called: A. Peristalsis B. Segmentation C. Bolus D. Chyme The accessory organs of the digestive system include the liver, gallbladder, and: A. Spleen B. Kidneys C. Pancreas D. Lungs The study of the structure of the human body is known as: A. Physiology B. Anatomy C. Histology D. Embryology The basic unit of life is the: A. Organ B. Tissue C. Cell D. Organ system The anatomical position refers to: A. Lying face down B. Lying on the side C. Standing erect with arms at sides and palms forward D. Sitting upright The plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is the: A. Sagittal plane B. Frontal plane C. Transverse plane D. Oblique plane The term "proximal" means: A. Farther from the point of origin B. Closer to the point of origin C. Toward the front of the body D. Toward the back of the body The type of tissue that covers and lines body surfaces is: A. Epithelial tissue B. Connective tissue C. Muscle tissue D. Nervous tissue The most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body is: A. Epithelial tissue B. Connective tissue C. Muscle tissue D. Nervous tissue The type of muscle tissue that is involuntary and found in the walls of hollow organs is: A. Skeletal muscle B. Smooth muscle C. Cardiac muscle D. All of the above The main function of the nervous system is: A. Contraction and movement B. Communication and control C. Support and protection D. Transport of nutrients and oxygen The largest organ in the human body is the: A. Liver B. Heart C. Brain D. Skin The bones of the skull, ribs, and sternum form the: A. Axial skeleton B. Appendicular skeleton C. Muscular system D. Nervous system The type of joint that allows for the greatest range of motion is the: A. Fibrous joint B. Cartilaginous joint C. Synovial joint D. All of the above The primary function of the respiratory system is to: A. Digest food B. Circulate blood C. Excrete waste D. Exchange gases The main organs of the respiratory system are the: A. Heart and lungs B. Lungs and kidneys C. Lungs and diaphragm D. Brain and spinal cord The functional unit of the kidney is the: A. Nephron B. Glomerulus C. Tubule D. Bowman's capsule The hormone that regulates water balance in the body is: A. Insulin B. Glucagon C. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) D. Aldosterone The primary function of the digestive system is to: A. Break down food into nutrients B. Transport oxygen to cells C. Remove waste products from the body D. Protect the body from infection The first part of the small intestine is the: A. Jejunum B. Ileum C. Duodenum D. Colon The largest internal organ in the body is the: A. Heart B. Liver C. Brain D. Lungs The endocrine system is responsible for: A. Muscle contraction B. Nerve impulse transmission C. Hormone production D. Blood clotting The primary function of the circulatory system is to: A. Digest food B. Transport blood C. Excrete waste D. Produce hormones The primary function of the skeletal system is: A. To provide structural support B. To generate heat C. To contract and produce movement D. To protect internal organs Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system? A. Protection of internal organs B. Production of blood cells C. Storage of minerals D. Digestion of food The bones of the skull, ribs, and sternum form the: A. Axial skeleton B. Appendicular skeleton C. Muscular system D. Nervous system The type of joint that allows for the greatest range of motion is the: A. Fibrous joint B. Cartilaginous joint C. Synovial joint D. All of the above The long bones of the arms and legs are classified as: A. Short bones B. Long bones C. Flat bones D. Irregular bones The bones of the wrist and ankle are classified as: A. Short bones B. Long bones C. Flat bones D. Irregular bones The skull bones are classified as: A. Short bones B. Long bones C. Flat bones D. Irregular bones The vertebrae are classified as: A. Short bones B. Long bones C. Flat bones D. Irregular bones The process of bone formation is called: A. Ossification B. Calcification C. Chondrification D. Osteolysis The type of bone cell that breaks down bone tissue is called an: A. Osteoblast B. Osteocyte C. Osteoclast D. Chondrocyte The type of bone cell that builds new bone tissue is called an: A. Osteoblast B. Osteocyte C. Osteoclast D. Chondrocyte The hard, outer layer of bone is called: A. Spongy bone B. Compact bone C. Periosteum D. Endosteum The soft, inner layer of bone that contains bone marrow is called: A. Spongy bone B. Compact bone C. Periosteum D. Endosteum The flexible tissue that connects bones at joints is called: A. Tendon B. Ligament C. Cartilage D. Muscle The strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called a: A. Tendon B. Ligament C. Cartilage D. Muscle The condition in which bones become weak and brittle is called: A. Osteoporosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Rickets D. Gout The condition in which joints become inflamed and painful is called: A. Osteoporosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Rickets D. Gout A deficiency in vitamin D can lead to: A. Osteoporosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Rickets D. Gout A buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints can cause: A. Osteoporosis B. Osteoarthritis C. Rickets D. Gout The process of bone remodeling involves: A. Only bone resorption B. Only bone formation C. Both bone resorption and bone formation D. Neither bone resorption nor bone formation The axial skeleton includes: A. The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage B. The arms and legs C. The pelvis and shoulder girdle D. All of the above The appendicular skeleton includes: A. The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage B. The arms and legs C. The pelvis and shoulder girdle D. Both B and C The joint between the bones of the skull is an example of a: A. Fibrous joint B. Cartilaginous joint C. Synovial joint D. None of the above The joint between the vertebrae is an example of a: A. Fibrous joint B. Cartilaginous joint C. Synovial joint D. None of the above The joint between the femur and tibia is an example of a: A. Fibrous joint B. Cartilaginous joint C. Synovial joint D. None of the above The joint between the bones of the fingers is an example of a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball-and-socket joint C. Pivot joint D. Saddle joint The joint between the shoulder blade and the humerus is an example of a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball-and-socket joint C. Pivot joint D. Saddle joint The joint between the radius and ulna is an example of a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball-and-socket joint C. Pivot joint D. Saddle joint The joint between the thumb and the palm is an example of a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball-and-socket joint C. Pivot joint D. Saddle joint The joint between the vertebrae of the neck is an example of a: A. Hinge joint B. Ball-and-socket joint C. Pivot joint D. Saddle joint What is the primary function of muscle tissue? A. To provide structural support B. To generate heat C. To contract and produce movement D. To protect internal organs Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and striated? A. Skeletal muscle B. Smooth muscle C. Cardiac muscle D. Both A and C The point of attachment of a muscle to a more stationary bone is called the: A. Origin B. Insertion C. Tendon D. Ligament The type of muscle contraction that results in no movement is called: A. Isotonic contraction B. Isometric contraction C. Eccentric contraction D. Concentric contraction The main muscle of inspiration is the: A. Diaphragm B. Intercostal muscles C. Abdominal muscles D. Pectoralis major The primary muscle of expiration is the: A. Diaphragm B. Intercostal muscles C. Abdominal muscles D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to raise your eyebrows is the: A. Orbicularis oculi B. Frontalis C. Masseter D. Temporalis The muscle that closes your jaw is the: A. Orbicularis oculi B. Frontalis C. Masseter D. Temporalis The largest muscle in the human body is the: A. Gluteus maximus B. Quadriceps femoris C. Latissimus dorsi D. Gastrocnemius The muscle that allows you to flex your arm at the elbow is the: A. Biceps brachii B. Triceps brachii C. Deltoid D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to extend your arm at the elbow is the: A. Biceps brachii B. Triceps brachii C. Deltoid D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to shrug your shoulders is the: A. Trapezius B. Deltoid C. Latissimus dorsi D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to plantarflex your foot is the: A. Gastrocnemius B. Tibialis anterior C. Soleus D. Both A and C The muscle that allows you to dorsiflex your foot is the: A. Gastrocnemius B. Tibialis anterior C. Soleus D. Both A and C The muscle that allows you to adduct your thigh is the: A. Adductor longus B. Sartorius C. Quadriceps femoris D. Hamstrings The muscle that allows you to abduct your thigh is the: A. Adductor longus B. Sartorius C. Quadriceps femoris D. Gluteus medius The muscle that allows you to flex your knee is the: A. Quadriceps femoris B. Hamstrings C. Gastrocnemius D. Tibialis anterior The muscle that allows you to extend your knee is the: A. Quadriceps femoris B. Hamstrings C. Gastrocnemius D. Tibialis anterior The muscle that allows you to flex your trunk forward is the: A. Rectus abdominis B. External oblique C. Internal oblique D. All of the above The muscle that allows you to extend your trunk backward is the: A. Erector spinae B. Rectus abdominis C. External oblique D. Internal oblique The muscle that allows you to rotate your trunk to the side is the: A. Rectus abdominis B. External oblique C. Internal oblique D. Both B and C The muscle that allows you to elevate your scapula is the: A. Trapezius B. Deltoid C. Latissimus dorsi D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to retract your scapula is the: A. Trapezius B. Deltoid C. Latissimus dorsi D. Pectoralis major The muscle that allows you to depress your scapula is the: A. Trapezius B. Deltoid C. Latissimus dorsi D. Pectoralis minor The muscle that allows you to rotate your shoulder medially is the: A. Deltoid B. Pectoralis major C. Latissimus dorsi D. Teres major The muscle that allows you to rotate your shoulder laterally is the: A. Deltoid B. Pectoralis major C. Latissimus dorsi D. Infraspinatus The muscle that allows you to flex your wrist is the: A. Flexor carpi radialis B. Extensor carpi radialis C. Flexor carpi ulnaris D. Extensor carpi ulnaris The muscle that allows you to extend your wrist is the: A. Flexor carpi radialis B. Extensor carpi radialis C. Flexor carpi ulnaris D. Extensor carpi ulnaris The muscle that allows you to flex your fingers is the: A. Flexor digitorum superficialis B. Extensor digitorum C. Flexor digitorum profundus D. Both A and C The muscle that allows you to extend your fingers is the: A. Flexor digitorum superficialis B. Extensor digitorum C. Flexor digitorum profundus D. Both A and C 1- The left lung has....... a- 12 segments. b- 8 segments. c- 6 segments. d- 20 segments. Answer. (b) 2- The right lung has....... a- 7 segments. b- 14 segments. c- 10 segments. c- 8 segments. Answer (C). 3-The weight of right lung...... a- 625 g. b- 625 cm. c- 550 cm. d- 652 g. Answer. (a) 4- The weight of left lung...... a- 655 g. b- 565 g. c- 556 g. c- 580 g. Answer (b). True/False Questions The esophagus has three parts: cervical, thoracic, and abdominal. True The stomach has two ends, the cardiac end and the pyloric end. True The duodenum is the shortest and narrowest part of the small intestine. False (It is the shortest, but not the narrowest) The liver is located in the lower left part of the abdominal cavity. False (It is in the upper right part) The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. True The stomach is J-shaped when it is filled. False (It is J-shaped when empty) The small intestine is 1.5 meters in length. False (It is about 6 meters in length) The large intestine has taenia coli, appendices epiploicae, and sacculations. True The gall bladder stores and concentrates bile. True The pancreatic duct unites with the bile duct to form the hepatopancreatic duct. True The jejunum forms the distal part of the small intestine. False (It forms the proximal part) The liver secretes bile through the hepatic ducts. True The pancreas lies transversely on the anterior wall of the abdomen. False (It lies on the posterior wall) The common hepatic duct unites with the pancreatic duct to form the bile duct. False (It unites with the cystic duct) The sigmoid colon is part of the small intestine. False (It is part of the large intestine) The ileum opens into the caecum. True The stomach has a posterior surface that faces the abdominal wall. True The appendix is part of the small intestine. False (It is part of the large intestine) Insulin hormone lowers the blood glucose level. True The bile duct opens into the jejunum. False (It opens into the duodenum) The trachea is located in the midline of the body. (True) The left lung is shorter and wider than the right lung. (False) The pleura is a single-layered membrane covering the lungs. (False) The main function of the alveoli is gas exchange. (True) The trachea ends in the thorax by dividing into three bronchi. (False) The kidneys extend from the last rib till the level of the 13th vertebra. (False) The hilum of the kidney is the site where the renal artery enters and the renal vein and ureter leave. (True) The ureter is a muscular tube about 15 cm long. (False) The female urethra is longer than the male urethra. (False) The urinary bladder is the reservoir of urine. (True) 1- Larynx is a tube consisting of 9 cartilage. True 2- pharynx is tube consisting of 9 cartilage. False 3- Larynx is passage the air to trachea and lung. True 4- Trachea is consist of 16-20 D shaped cartilage. False 5- Right lung is formed of 3 lobes (superior, middle and inferior). True 6- Weight of right lung 565g. False 7- The right lung has a cardiac notch. False 8- The left lung is formed of 2 lobes (superior and inferior). True 9- The weight of right lung 565 g. True. 10- The weight of left lung 625 g. True The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. A. True B. False The largest artery in the human body is the aorta. A. True B. False The smallest blood vessels are called capillaries. A. True B. False The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that helps to fight infection. A. True B. False The nervous system is composed of the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). A. True B. False The brain and spinal cord are part of the central nervous system (CNS). A. True B. False The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. A. True B. False The somatic nervous system controls voluntary actions, such as muscle movement. A. True B. False The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions, such as heart rate and digestion. A. True B. False