Anatomy Exam 2 Review PDF

Exam 2 COVID-19 Memes For Self-Isolating Teens - 37 \| lifewithoutandy(remember kids, alcohols a disinfectant) **LECTURE 8** 1. Which vertebrae attach to the ribs a. Cervical b. Thoracic c. Lumbar d. Sacral 2. Where is a disk NOT found in the spinal column e. Betw...

Exam 2 COVID-19 Memes For Self-Isolating Teens - 37 \| lifewithoutandy(remember kids, alcohols a disinfectant) **LECTURE 8** 1. Which vertebrae attach to the ribs a. Cervical b. Thoracic c. Lumbar d. Sacral 2. Where is a disk NOT found in the spinal column e. Between C7-T1 f. Between C1-C2 g. Between T12-L1 h. Between L4-L5 3. There are how many pairs of cervical nerves i. 7 j. 6 k. 8 l. 12 4. Scoliosis is a curvature in the \_ plane m. Sagittal n. Transverse o. Mid-sagittal p. Coronal 5. In an adult, which is considered abnormal q. Lumbar lordosis r. Cervical lordosis s. Thoracic kyphosis t. Thoracic lordosis 6. What is the gelatinous, inner portion of intervertebral disks called u. Nucleus pulposus v. Annulus fibrosus w. Nucleus fibrosus x. Annulus pulposus 7.  What is this vertebrae y. Axis z. C7 a. T12 b. Atlas 8. C1 rotates around what part of the axis to rotate the head c. Body d. Pedicle e. Dens f. Superior articular process 9. What is A pointing to g. Dens h. Pedicle i. Articular facet j. Lamina 10. What is used as a useful landmark on the back to palpate the end of the cervical spine k. Spinous prominens of T1 l. Spinous prominens of C7 m. Transverse prominens of C7 n. Vertebral prominens of C7 11. ![Vertebra Prominens or Seventh Cervical Vertebra \[C7\] \| Bone and Spine](media/image6.jpeg)What is this a picture of o. Atlas p. Axis q. T12 r. C7 12. Which vertebrae contain rib facets s. Thoracic t. Cervical u. Lumbar v. Sacral 13. What vertebrae have the largest bodies to support the weight of the upper body w. Cervical x. Thoracic y. Lumbar z. None of the above 14. What part of the spine is also known as the tailbone a. Sacrum b. Coccyx c. Cauda equina d. Filum terminale 15. Uncovertebral joints of the cervical spine are also known as e. Uncinates joint f. Luschkas joint g. Zygapophyseal joints h. Articular facets 16. Facet joints in the spine are known as i. Uncinates joint j. Luschkas joint k. Zygapophyseal joints l. Articular facets 17. Facet joints are what kind of joints m. Pivot n. Spherical o. Plane p. Hinge 18. Which is NOT true of the ALL q. Runs from occipital bone to pelvic surface of sacrum r. Limits spine flexion s. Limits spine extension t. Runs anterior/anteriorlateral to vertebrae 19. Which is true of the PLL u. Runs posterior to vertebral bodies from C2-Sacrum v. Thinner than ALL w. Helps prevent hyperflexion x. All of the above 20. What ligament runs from one lamina to the next vertically y. Alar ligament z. Ligamentum flavum a. ALL b. PLL 21. What ligament merges with the nuchal ligament superior to C7 c. Interspinous d. Alar e. Ligamentum flavum f. Supraspinous 22. What ligament connects between the transverse processes of adjoining vertebrae g. Intertransverse h. Alar i. Interspinous j. Cruciate 23. Approximately how much of cervical flexion/extension occurs at the C1-occiput level k. 75% l. 50% m. 25% n. Less than 10% 24. The atlantoaxial joint is what kind of joint o. Hinge p. Plane q. Pivot r. Conoid 25. Which membrane is a continuation of the ligamentum flavum s. Anterior atlanto-occipital t. Posterior atlanto-occipital u. Posterior atlanto-axial v. A,B w. B,C 26. What ligament holds the dens in place against the anterior ring of C1 x. Alar y. Transverse z. ALL a. Interspinous 27. The tectorial membrane is a continuation of what ligament b. ALL c. PLL d. Ligamentum flavum e. Apical ligament 28. All of the following make up the cruciate ligament EXCEPT f. Alar g. Superior longitudinal band h. Transverse ligament of atlas i. Inferior longitudinal band 29. Which layer of the meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid j. Pia k. Dura l. Arachnoid m. Santa maria 30. The spinal cord end in adults around n. S5 o. L1 p. L4 q. L3 31. Which is an extension of the pia and anchors the cord to the sacrum r. Cauda equina s. Filum equina t. Conus medulla u. Filum terminale 32. Cauda Equina Syndrome - PhysiopediaWhat is A pointing to v. Filum terminale externum w. Conus medullaris x. Cauda equina y. Filum terminale internum 33. What structure passes through the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae and then forms a "loop" as it goes ascends into the foramen magnum z. Vertebral vein a. Vertebral artery b. Azygos nerve c. Cranial nerve X 34. Scheuermann's disease is also known as an extreme form of what d. Lordosis e. Scoliosis f. Kyphosis g. Mentosis 35. A defect/break of the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch h. Ankylosing spondylolysis i. Ankylosing spondylolisthesis j. B. spondylitis k. B. spondylolisthesis 36. Vertebral slippage l. Ankylosing spondylolysis m. Ankylosing spondylolisthesis n. B. spondylitis o. B. spondylolisthesis **LECTURE 9** 37. Which of the following is NOT part of the Upper right quadrant of the abdomen p. Liver (rt. Lobe) q. Duodenum r. Head of pancreas s. Spleen 38. Name the quadrants above 39. Which of the following is NOT a border of the abdominal cavity t. Thoracic diaphragm u. Musculotendinous v. Lumbar vert. and intervertebral disks w. Inguinal canal x. Pelvic inlet 40. The anterior abdominal wall is made up of y. Thoracic diaphragm z. Musculotendinous a. Lumber vert b. Inguinal canal 41. The superficial layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen is known as the c. Scarpa layer d. Campers layer e. Epimysium f. Tranversalis 42. The membranous layer of the superficial fascia of the abdomen is also known as the g. Scarpa layer h. Campers layer i. Epimysium j. Transversalis 43. The semilunar lines mark the lateral limit of what muscle k. Transverse abdominis l. External oblique m. Internal oblique n. Rectus abdominus 44. The aponeurosis of what muscle fold over itself and forms the inguinal canal o. Rectus abdominus p. Transverse abdominus q. External oblique r. Internal oblique 45. The contents of the inguinal canal include all EXCEPT s. Ilioinguinal nerve t. Spermatic cord u. Blood/lymphatic vessels v. Genitofemoral nerve w. Round ligament of uterus 46. The conjoint tendon is the formation of the fibers of the x. Transverse abdominus y. External oblique z. Internal oblique a. A,B b. A,C 47. Select the muscles innervated by the ventral rami of the lower 6 thoracic nerves c. Transverse abdominus d. Rectus abdominus e. Internal oblique f. External oblique g. Cremaster 48. At the level of the arcuate line, all layers pass anteriorly to the rectus abdominus EXCEPT h. Superficial fascia i. Transversalis j. Deep fascia k. Campers layer 49. What nerve innervates the cremaster muscle l. Genitofemoral m. Ilioinguinal n. Femoral o. None of the above 50. \*Select All\* The posterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by the p. Transversalis fascia q. Conjoint tendon r. Internal oblique s. Transverse abdominus t. Aponeurosis of internal oblique 51. \*Select All\* The anterior wall of the inguinal canal is formed by u. Internal oblique v. External oblique w. Aponeurosis of external oblique x. Aponeurosis of internal oblique y. Conjoint tendon z. Transversalis fascia 52. The outpouching of the transversalis fascia creates the a. Deep ring b. Superficial ring c. Roof of inguinal canal d. Lateral ring 53. The superficial ring is a slit-like opening through the fibers of what e. Internal oblique f. External oblique aponeurosis g. Transversalis fascia aponeurosis h. Transverse abdominus 54. Which of the following is NOT part of the spermatic cord i. Vas deferens j. Testicular artery/veins k. Lymphatic vessels l. Femoral artery m. Sympathetic nerves n. Genital branch of g.f.nerve 55. Sperm are formed in the \_ and stored in the \_ o. Seminiferous tubules, vas deferens p. Seminiferous tubules, epididymis q. Epididymis, testes r. Epididymis, vas deferens 56. What ribs are considered vertebrochrondral s. 1-7 t. 11 u. 12 v. 8-10 57. The floating ribs are w. 1-7 x. 8-10 y. 11 z. 11,12 58. Rib anatomy and surgical approach. \| Download Scientific DiagramWhat is A pointing to a. Neck b. Head c. Costal groove d. Shaft 59. What is B pointing to e. Neck f. Costal angle g. Costal groove h. Articular part 60. All of the following are atypical ribs EXCEPT i. 1 j. 2 k. 4 l. 12 m. 11 61. What structure prolongs ribs and gives elasticity to the thoracic wall n. Costal tubercles o. Costal cartilage p. Pivot joints q. Articular facets 62. \*Select All\* the muscles that elevate the ribs are r. Innermost intercostals s. Levator costarum t. Subcostals u. External intercostals v. Internal intercostals w. Transverse thoracis 63. The contents of the anterior mediastinum include all EXCEPT x. Fat y. Lymph nodes z. Internal thoracic arteries/veins a. Internal thoracic nerves 64. The thymus in adults is located in what part of the mediastinum b. Superior c. Inferior d. Posterior e. Anterior 65. The space between the body of the sternum and the pericardium is known as the f. Superior mediastinum g. Posterior mediastinum h. Anterior mediastinum i. Inferior mediastinum 66. The central tendon of the diaphragm is j. Central aponeurotic portion k. Peripheral muscular portion l. Lateral border region m. Superior connection to the xiphoid process 67. \*Select All\* the apertures of the thoracic diaphragm n. Caval foramen o. Esophageal hiatus p. Thoracic hiatus q. Aortic hiatus 68. The inferior vena cava passes through what aperture in the abdomen r. Esophageal hiatus s. Aortic hiatus t. Caval foramen u. Gastroenteral foramen 69. What nerve give motor supply to the diaphragm and sensory supply to the central diaphragm. v. r/l phrenic nerves w. intercostal nerves x. subcostal nerves y. azygos nerves 70. The peripheral diaphragm receives sensory supply from z. Upper 5 intercostal nerves a. Subcostal nerve b. Lower 6 or 7 intercostal nerves c. A,B d. B,C 71. The posterior abdominal wall is made up of what in regards to the principle fascia e. Psoas fascia f. Quadratus lumborum fascia g. Iliopsoas fascia h. A,B i. B,C 72. \*Select ALL\* the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall j. Diaphragm k. Internal oblique l. Quadratus lumborum m. Transversalis abdominus n. Psoas minor\*\*\*\*\*\* if u have one, it counts o. Psoas major p. Iliacus q. Iliopsoas 73. The psoas major inserts into the r. Greater trochanter s. Lesser trochanter t. Sciatic notch u. Gluteal line 74. The iliacus is innervated by the v. Genitofemoral nerve w. Inguinal nerve x. Femoral nerve y. Sciatic nerve **LECTURE 10** 75. The azygos vein is found on what part of the thoracic cavity z. Left a. Right b. Posterior c. Superior 76. The hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein are found on what part of the thoracic cavity d. Left e. Right f. Superior g. Anterior 77. identify the letters h. Bubba i. C j. A k. A l. A m. A n. A o. A p. A q. A r. A s. A t. A u. A v. A w. A x. A y. A z. A a. A b. A c. A d. A e. A f. A g. A 78. The mitral valve is located between the h. Left and right ventricle i. Left atrium and right ventricle j. Left atrium and ventricle k. Right atrium and ventricle 79. The "pacemaker" of the heart is the l. AV Node m. SA node n. Branches of av node o. Chordae tendinae 80. The left ventricle empties into the p. Pulmonary trunks q. Left carotid artery r. Aorta s. Inferior vena cava 81. Which vessel is a direct branch of the thoracic aorta t. Posterior intercostal u. Subcostal artery v. Subcostal vein w. A,B x. A,C 82. Internal thoracic arteries supply intercostal spaces through y. Posterior intercostal arteries z. Anterior intercostal veins a. Anterior intercostal arteries b. Posterior superficial arteries 83. The common iliac artery on each side of the body turns into what at the beginning of the femur c. Genitofemoral artery d. External iliac e. Inferior epigastric f. Femoral artery 84. Most posterior intercostal veins end in the g. Epigastric system h. Azygos venous system i. Femoral venous system j. Internal thoracic venous system 85. Which is NOT a branch of the inferior vena cava k. R/l hepatic vein l. r/l renal vein m. r/l common iliac vein n. splenic vein 86. The thoracic duct empties into the o. Right subclavian vein p. Left subclavian vein q. Right carotid vein r. Left carotid artery 87. Vessels below the umbilicus drain into the s. Inferior inguinal lymph nodes t. Axillary lymph nodes u. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes v. Superficial axillary lymph nodes 88. Vessels above the umbilicus drain into the w. Inferior inguinal lymph nodes x. Axillary lymph nodes y. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes z. Superficial axillary lymph nodes 89. Deep lymph vessels accompany deep veins and drain to what structure a. Lumbar lymph nodes b. Common iliac lymph nodes c. External iliac lymph nodes d. All of the above 90. Intercostal nerves are formed by what e. Dorsal rami of t1-t12 f. Ventral rami of T1-12 g. Ventral rami of T1-11 h. Ventral rami of T12 91. The ventral rami of T12 forms the i. Intercostal nerve j. Subcostal nerve k. Femoral nerve l. Azygos nerve 92. \*Select ALL\* What intercostal nerve joins the brachial plexus m. 1^st^ n. 3^rd^ o. 2cd p. 4^th^ q. 5^th^ 93. Which of the following is NOT a nerve of the abdominal region r. Iliohypogastric/inguinal s. Subcostal t. Thoracoabdominal u. Genitofemoral 94. All of the following nerves supply skin above the umbilicus EXCEPT v. T8 w. T12 x. T7 y. T9 95. What nerve supplies skin around the umbilicus z. T10 a. T11 b. T9 c. L1 96. \*Select All\* The muscles that create the space that is known as the neurovascular plane d. External oblique e. Internal oblique f. Transverse abdominis g. Rectus abdominus h. Cremaster 97. What vessel passes through the neurovascular plane i. Thoracoabdominal nerves j. Subcostal nerves k. Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerves l. All of the above **LECTURE 11** 98. What is a double layer of peritoneum that is the neurovascular channel to an organ that has invaginated into the peritoneum m. Mesentery n. Parietal peritoneum o. Visceral peritoneum p. Abdominal peritoneum 99. What layer has the same blood, lymphatic, and nerve supply as the organ it covers q. Parietal peritoneum r. Visceral peritoneum s. Mesentery t. Abdominal peritoneum 100. All are characteristics of the visceral peritoneum EXCEPT u. Sensitive to stretch and chemical irritation v. Insensitive to touch, cold, laceration, heat w. Pain poorly localized to midline along sympathetic fibers x. Sensitive to touch, cold, laceration, heat 101. The hepatogastric ligament (lesser omentum) connects the stomach to the y. Spleen z. Kidneys a. Liver b. Colon 102. The gastrocolic ligament (greater omentum) hangs like an apron from the stomach and folds back up into the c. Rectum d. Sigmoid colon e. Transverse colon f. Descending colon 103. All of the following are part of the supracolic compartment EXCEPT g. Stomach h. Small intestine i. Liver j. Spleen 104. The greater sac of the peritoneum is divided by the k. Sigmoid colon l. Transverse abdominis m. Descending colon n. Transverse mesocolon 105. The greater sac is posterior to the greater omentum o. True p. False 106. The omental bursa (lesser sac) is posterior to the q. Stomach r. Lesser omentum s. Greater omentum t. A,B u. A,C 107. \*Select ALL\* components of the retroperitoneal area v. Ureters w. Urethra x. Aorta y. Inferior vena cava z. Kidneys a. Adrenals b. Liver c. Spleen 108. What artery supplies the hindgut d. Celiac trunk e. Superior mesenteric artery f. Inferior mesenteric artery g. All of the above 109. The area where diaphragm muscles squeeze at the end of the esophagus is called h. Inferior esophageal sphincter i. Pyloric sphincter j. Sphincter of oddi k. Internal rectal sphincter 110. The folds that form in the stomach when it is empty and collapses are known as l. Reggae m. Ruggae n. Cilia o. Cartmans folds 111. The first portion and smallest part of the small intestine is the p. Jejunem q. Ileum r. Rectum s. Duodenum 112. The ligament of treitz separates the t. Jejunem, rectum u. Duodenum, jejunem v. Jejunem, ileum w. Ileum, rectum 113. Which of the following is intraperitoneal x. Transverse colon y. Sigmoid colon z. Cecum a. A,B b. B,C 114. What organ breaks down and destroys old RBC's and recycles iron c. Spleen d. Liver e. Kidneys f. Appendix 115. The pancreatic juice from the pancreas is g. Acidic h. Neutral i. Slightly acidic j. Alkaline 116. What sphincter prevents duodenal contents from entering the ampulla k. Ileocecal l. Pyloric m. Oddi n. Internal rectal 117. Which of the following is part of the portal triad o. Portal vein p. Hepatic artery q. Bile duct r. All of the above 118. In liver disease, serum bilirubin increase, leading to what s. Gout t. Jaundice u. Sclerotomy v. Gold urine 119. What organ stores and concentrates bile when it is present in the body primarily w. Liver x. Spleen y. Appendix z. Gallbladder 120. Which is NOT a function of the kidneys a. Produce erythropoietin b. Produce renin c. Produce HCL d. Help produce active form of vitamin d 121. What secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine e. Cortex of adrenal glands f. Medulla of adrenal glands g. Kidneys h. Pituitary gland 122. What type of hernia leads to pressure on the material and compromising blood supply, leading to necrosis and emergency surgery i. Reducible j. Incarcerated k. Compromise l. Strangulated 123. Approximately 90% of all inguinal hernias occur in m. Males n. Females o. Children p. Teens 124. \*Name the different types of hernias q. Strangulated r. Direct s. Indirect t. Femoral u. Umbilical v. Epigastric w. Spigellian 125. The most common type of hernia is x. Epigastric y. Indirect inguinal z. Direct inguinal a. Femoral 126. Indirect inguinal hernias exit via the b. Deep ring c. Inguinal canal d. Superficial ring e. Scrotum 127. What type of hernia leaves the abdominal cavity medial to the inferior epigastric artery f. Direct inguinal g. Indirect inguinal h. Epigastric i. Spigelian 128. The inguinal triangle (Hesselbachs triangle) has all the following borders EXCEPT j. Rectus abdominus k. Inferior epigastric artery l. Inguinal ligament m. Genitofemoral artery 129. What is the abnormal connection between the inferior epigastric artery and obturator artery that when cut during hernia surgery can retract into the pelvis and cause severe blood loss n. Corona mortis o. Expelliamus mortis p. Inguinal mortis q. Junction of marten 130. What type of hernia only traverses the medial portion of the inguinal canal and rarely enters the scrotum r. Epigastric s. Direct t. Indirect u. Spigelian 131. Pressure over the deep ring controls a \_ hernia v. Spigelian w. Epigastric x. Umbilical y. Indirect 132. Pressure over the superficial ring controls a \_ hernia z. Umbilical a. Epigastric b. Direct c. Femoral 133. What type of hernia may exit via the saphenous hiatus d. Periumbilical e. Femoral f. Spigelian g. Epigastric 134. What nervous system has a thoracolumbar origin for preganglionic neurons h. Parasympathetic i. Somatic j. Skeletal k. Sympathetic 135. Preganglionic fibers leave spinal nerves through \_ in the sympathetic system l. Gray rami m. Nucleus pulposus n. White rami o. Ventral rami 136. Postganglionic fibers usually pass through \_ and return to a spinal nerve before proceeding to an effector p. Gray rami q. Nucleus pulposus r. White rami s. Dorsal rami 137. Preganglionic nerves of the head in the parasympathetic system include all EXCEPT t. III u. VII v. X w. IX 138. Preganglionic fibers of the thorax and abdomen in the parasympathetic system are part of x. III y. II z. V a. X 139. What nerves innervate skin and extremities (sweat glands, arteries) b. Parasympathetic c. Sympathetic d. Skeletal e. Somatic 140. \*Select All\* the plexuses that inhibit GI activity f. Celiac g. Vagus nerve h. Sacral i. Superior mesenteric j. Inferior mesenteric k. Hypogastric IT\'S OVER JOHNNY - Cheezburger - Funny Memes \| Funny Pictures Good Luck Guys!!