Albert Bandura.pdf

ST. Paul University Philippines Albert Bandura: Pioneer of Social Learning Theory By: Edrian James Ramirez Carl Robert Caoili  Social Cognitive theory Social Cognitive Theory explains how people learn behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions by observing others. It emphasizes the i...

ST. Paul University Philippines Albert Bandura: Pioneer of Social Learning Theory By: Edrian James Ramirez Carl Robert Caoili  Social Cognitive theory Social Cognitive Theory explains how people learn behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions by observing others. It emphasizes the interaction between personal factors, behaviors, and the environment, highlighting how these elements influence one another. Albert Bandura Albert Bandura, born on December 4, 1925, in Alberta, Canada, is one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. His work in the field of social psychology has shaped our understanding of learning, behavior, and the mind. Bandura is best known for his Social Learning Theory, the concept of self-efficacy, and his work on the Bobo Doll Experiment. Let's explore these concepts in detail.  Objectives · Understanding Learning Mechanisms · Exploring Triadic Reciprocal Causation · Examining Human Agency · Discussing Self-Regulation · Addressing Dysfunctional Behavior · Understanding Therapy and Interventions · Exploring the Concept of Humanity · Applying Insights  Learning Mechanisms Observational Learning Observational learning occurs when individuals learn new behaviors by watching others. For example, children who observe adults displaying aggressive behavior towards a Bobo doll are more likely to imitate that aggression. This learning can occur without direct reinforcement.  Social Learning Theory Four Steps Of Observational Learning Attention Retention Reproduction Data analytics Motivation  The Bobo Experiment One of Bandura's most famous contributions is the Bobo Doll Experiment, conducted in 1961. This experiment was designed to study aggression in children and to demonstrate the process of observational learning. Experiment Design: Participants: Bandura and his colleagues recruited 72 children, aged 3 to 6, from the Stanford University Nursery School. Procedure: The children were divided into three groups: One group observed an adult acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll. Another group observed an adult playing non-aggressively with other toys. The third group did not observe any model (control group). Observation: The children were then allowed to play in a room with a Bobo doll and other toys.  Learning Mechanisms Enactive Learning Enactive learning involves learning through direct experience and the consequences of actions. For instance, a child who touches a hot stove and gets burned learns to avoid touching it again. This type of learning reinforces behavior through direct outcomes. Learning Mechanisms Triadic Reciprocal Causation Triadic reciprocal causation refers to the dynamic interplay between behavior, personal factors (such as cognitive and emotional states), and environmental influences. These elements interact in a reciprocal manner, influencing each other continuously. Learning Mechanisms Chance Encounters and Fortuitous Events Chance encounters and unexpected events can play a significant role in shaping an individual's life path. For instance, meeting a mentor by chance can lead to new opportunities and significant changes in career direction.  Human Agency Core Features of Human Agency Human agency is the capacity to intentionally influence one's functioning and life circumstances. It involves intentionality (planning and acting with a purpose), forethought (anticipating future events and acting accordingly), self-reactiveness (regulating one's actions), and self-reflectiveness (evaluating one’s motivations and actions).  High self-efficacy leads to greater confidence in one’s abilities, increased motivation, and persistence in the face of challenges. Self-efficacy Low self-efficacy can result in self- doubt, anxiety, and a reluctance to take This refers to an individual's belief on new challenges. in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance Sources of Self-Efficacy: attainments. Mastery Experiences Vicarious Experiences Verbal Persuasion Emotional and Physiological States  Learning Mechanisms Proxy Agency Collective Efficacy Proxy agency involves Collective efficacy is the relying on others to act on shared belief in a group’s one’s behalf to secure ability to achieve goals. This desired outcomes. For concept is vital in contexts example, an employee such as team sports, where might rely on a supervisor the group’s confidence in to advocate for their their collective abilities can promotion. enhance performance and success. Depression Low self-efficacy and poor self-regulation can Self-efficacy contribute to depression. Phobias Fearful behaviors This refers can belief to an individual's be learned through observation andtocan in their capacity be maintained by avoiding execute Self-Regulation behaviors the necessary feared object to produce or situation. specific performance Aggression attainments. Aggressive behaviors can be learned by observing others, as shown in the Bobo Doll Experiment.  Depression Low self-efficacy and poor self- regulation can contribute to depression. Phobias Dysfunctional Fearful behaviors can be learned through observation and can be Behavior maintained by avoiding the feared object or situation. Aggression Aggressive behaviors can be learned by observing others, as shown in the Bobo Doll Experiment. THANK YOU!  References Bandura, A. (1977). Social Learning Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman. Cherry, K. (2020). "What Is Social Learning Theory?" Verywell Mind. Link. McLeod, S. (2016). "Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory." Simply Psychology. Link.