Air-Laws-Notes-1-1.pdf

1 PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1570 REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING IN THE PHILIPPINES Section 1. Title of the Decree. Section 2. Objectives. Section 3. Crea...

1 PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1570 REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING IN THE PHILIPPINES Section 1. Title of the Decree. Section 2. Objectives. Section 3. Creation of the Board. Section 4. Qualifications of Board Members. Section 5. Term of Office. Section 6. Removal of Member. Section 7. Powers and duties of the Board. Section 8. Procedure of investigation of violations. Section 9. Compensation of Members. Section 10. Conduct of Examinations. Section 11. Schedule of fees. Section 12. Annual report of the Board. Section 13. Board of Examinations. Section 14. Qualification for examinations. Section 15. Schedule of examinations. Section 16. Scope of examinations. Section 17. Passing average. Section 18. Report of Ratings. Section 19. Certificate of Registration. Section 20. Registration without examinations. Section 21. Temporary registration; issuance of special permits. Section 22. Refusal to issue certificate. Section 23. Suspension and revocation of certificate. Section 24. Reinstatement or replacement of certificate. Section 25. Seal and its use. Section 26. Posting certificates. Section 27. Meaning of practice of aeronautical engineering. Section 28. Unlawful practice. Section 29. Definitions. Section 30. Enforcement of this Decree by officers of the law. Section 31. Roster of aeronautical engineers. Section 32. Integration of Aeronautical Engineering Profession. Section 33. Penalties for violations of this Decree. Section 34. Separability Clause. Section 35. (Repealing Clause.) Section 36. Effectivity. KDCadap  2 PD 1570 IRR RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE EXAMINATION, THE REGISTRATION, AND THE PRACTICE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING IN THE PHILIPPINES Article I. Definition of Terms Section 1. Definition of Terms. Section 2. Seal of the Board of Aeronautical Engineering. Section 3. Seal of the Aeronautical Engineer. Article II. Registration of Aeronautical Engineers Section 1. Registration with examination. Section 2. Proof of qualification for Examination. Section 3. Scope of Examination. Section 4. Proof of Qualifications for exemption from the Examination. Article III. Practice of Aeronautical Engineering Section 1. Nature and Scope of Practice. Section 2. Services of Aeronautical Engineers. Article IV. Code of Profession Ethics Section 1. Foreword. Section 2. Relations with the State. Section 3. Relations with the Public. Section 4. Relations with the Clients and Employers. Section 5. Relations with the Engineers. Section 6. Relations with the Profession. Article V. Miscellaneous Provision Section 1. Record of the Board. Section 2. Annual Report. Section 3. Roster of Aeronautical Engineers. KDCadap  3 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 776 (As amended by PD No. 1462 & EO No. 217) Chapter I – Title and Purpose Section 1. Title of Act Section 2. Purpose and Scope of the Act Chapter II – General Provisions Section 3. Words and phrases defined Section 4. Declaration of policies Chapter III – Civil Aeronautics Board Section 5. Composition of the Board Section 6. Principal office and quorum Section 7. Permanent personnel Section 8. Temporary personnel Section 9. Annual Report Section 10. Powers and duties of the Board Chapter IV – Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity Section 11. Nature, terms and condition Section 12. Citizenship requirement Section 13. Conduct of Proceedings Section 14. Delegation of authority to conduct hearings Section 15. Application of permit Section 16. Notice Section 17. Time and place of meeting Section 18. Non-appearance Section 19. Deposition Section 20. Hearings and records of proceedings Section 21. Issuance of permits Section 22. Modification, suspension or revocation Section 23. Transfer of permit Section 24. Effective date and duration of permit Chapter V – Civil Aeronautics Administration Refer to RA 9497. (Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2008) Chapter VI – Registration and Record Refer to RA 9497. (Civil Aviation Authority Act of 2008) Chapter VII – Violation and Penalties Section 42. Specific Penalties Section 43. General Penalties Section 44. Compromise regarding penalties KDCadap  4 Chapter VIII – Orders and Judicial Review Section 45. Enforcement of Orders Section 46. Effective date of orders and decisions Section 47. Reconsideration of Orders Section 48. Finality of Decision, Order or Ruling Section 49. Judicial Review Chapter IX – Receipts of the Civil Aeronautics Administration and Civil Aeronautics Board Section 50. Fees Section 51. Other Fees Section 52. Disposition of receipt Chapter X – Miscellaneous Provisions Section 53. Separability of Unconstitutional Provisions Section 54. (Repealing Clause) Section 55. Appropriation Section 56. Effectivity KDCadap  5 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9497 CHAPTER I – General Provisions Section 1. Short Title. Section 2. Declaration of Policy. Section 3. Definition of Terms. Chapter II – Organization of Authority Section 4. Creation of The Authority. Section 5. Composition of The Board Members. Section 6. Prohibited Interests. Section 7. Limitation of Subsequent Employment. Section 8. Quorum. Section 9. Qualifications of Director General. Section 10. Board Meetings. Section 11. Per Diems. Section 12. Personnel. Section 13. Principal Office. Section 14. Capitalization. Section 15. Fiscal Autonomy. Section 16. Exemption from Taxes, Customs and Tariff Duties. Section 17. Schedule of Fees and Charges. Section 18. Compensation and Other Emoluments of Authority Personnel. Section 19. Transfer of Properties. Section 20. Annual Report. Chapter III – General Policies Section 21. Policies. Chapter IV – Powers of the Authority Section 22. Powers and Functions. Section 23. Corporate Powers. Chapter V – Powers and Functions of the Board Section 24. Powers of The Board. Section 25. Issuance of Rules and Regulations. Section 26. Setting of Charges and Fees. Section 27. Issuance of Rules of Procedure and Practice. Section 28. Appellate Powers Section 29. Power to Administer Oaths. Section 30. Annual Budget. Section 31. Delegation of Functions. Section 32. Limitation of Powers. KDCadap  6 Chapter VI – The Authority Proper Section 33. Organizational Structure of the Authority. Section 34. Training Schools. Chapter VII – The Director General Section 35. Powers and Functions of the Director General. Section 36. The Office of Enforcement and Legal Service. Section 37. Orders. Section 38. Right of Access for Inspection. Section 39. Authority to Prevent Flight. Section 40. Creation of Flight Standards Inspectorate Service. Section 41. Validation. Section 42. Aircraft Accident Investigation and Inquiry Board. Chapter VIII – Nationality and Ownership of Aircraft Section 43. Establishment of Registry. Section 44. Eligibility for Registration. Section 45. Application for Aircraft Registration. Section 46. Issuance of Certificate of Registration. Section 47. Nationality. Section 48. Revocation. Section 49. Conveyance to Be Recorded. Section 50. Form of Conveyance. Section 51. Establishment of System of Recording. Section 52. Method of Recording. Section 53. Validity Before Filing. Section 54. Previously Unrecorded Ownership. Chapter IX - Aviation Safety Powers and Functions Section 55. General Powers and Functions. Section 56. Form of Applications. A. Certification of Airmen Section 57. Authority to Certificate Airmen. Section 58. Application and Issuance. Section 59. Terms and Conditions. Section 60. Contents. B. Airworthiness Certificate Section 61. Authority to Issue Airworthiness Certificates. Section 62. Issuance. Section 63. Terms and Conditions. Section 64. Airworthiness Approvals. C. Air Operator Certificate Section 65. Authority to Certificate Carriers and Establish Safety Standards. Section 66. Application and Issuance. KDCadap  7 D. Aviation Schools and Approved Maintenance Organizations Section 67. Examination and Rating. Section 68. Air Navigation Facility Safety Standards. Section 69. Duties and Operations of Airmen. Section 70. Authority to Inspect. Section 71. Amendment, Modifications, Suspension and Revocation of Certificates. Section 72. Prohibitions. Chapter X – Other Powers Section 73. Statutory Lien. Section 74. Lien On Personal and Real Properties. Section 75. Police Authority. Section 76. Regulation of Building Heights. Section 77. Authority Respecting the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air. Section 78. Development of New Airports. Chapter XI – Penalties Section 79. Power of the Authority to Investigate Violations. Section 80. Power to Direct an Immediate Halt to an Offending Practice. Section 81. Penalties. Section 83. Penalty Considerations. Section 84. Inflation Adjustment to Civil Penalties. Chapter XII – Transitory Provisions Section 85. Abolition of The Air Transportation Office. Section 86. Transfer of Personnel of Air Transportation Office. Section 87. Organization of the Authority. Section 88. Saving Clause. Section 89. Legal Counsel. Section 90. Implementing Rules and Regulations. Section 91. Congressional Oversight Committee. Section 92. Separability Clause. Section 93. (Repealing Clause.) Section 94. Effectivity KDCadap  8 IMPORTANT FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (14 CFR) Part 1 Definitions and Abbreviations Part 13 Investigation and Enforcement Procedures Part 21 Certification Procedures for Products and Parts Part 23 Airworthiness Standards: Normal, Utility, Acrobatic and Commuter Airplanes Part 25 Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes Part 27 Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft Part 29 Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Rotorcraft Part 33 Airworthiness Standards: Aircraft Engines Part 34 Fuel Venting and Exhaust Emission Requirements for Turbine Engine Powered Airplanes Part 35 Airworthiness Standards: Propellers Part 36 Noise Standards: Aircraft Type and Airworthiness Certification Part 39 Airworthiness Directives Part 43 Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration Part 45 Identification and Registration Marking Part 48 Registration and Marking Requirements for Small Unmanned Aircraft Part 61 Certification: Pilots, Flight Instructors, and Ground Instructors Part 63 Certification: Flight Crewmembers Other Than Pilots Part 65 Certification: Airmen Other Than Flight Crewmembers Part 67 Medical Standards and Certification Part 68 Requirements for Operating Certain Small Aircraft without a Medical Certificate Designation of Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E Airspace Areas; Airways; Part 71 Routes; and Reporting Points Part 73 Special Use Airspace Part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules Part 97 Standard Instrument Approach Procedures Part 101 Moored Balloons, Kites, U.M Rockets, U.M Free Balloons, and Certain Model Aircraft Part 103 Ultralight Vehicles Part 105 Parachute Operations Part 107 Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Part 117 Flight and Duty Limitations and Rest Requirements: Flightcrew Members Part 119 Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators Part 121 Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Certification and Operations: Airplanes Having a Seating Capacity of 20 or More Part 125 Passengers or a Payload Capacity of 6,000 Pounds or More Part 129 Operations: Foreign Air Carriers and Foreign Operators of U.S. Registered Aircraft Engaged in Common Carriage Part 133 Rotorcraft External-Load Operations Operating Requirements: Commuter and On Demand Operations and Rules Governing Part 135 Persons on Board Such Aircraft Part 136 Commercial Air Tours and National Parks Air Tour Management Part 137 Agricultural Aircraft Operations Part 139 Certification of Airports Part 141 Flight Schools KDCadap  9 Part 142 Training Centers Part 145 Repair Stations Part 147 Aviation Maintenance Technicians Schools Part 183 Representatives of The Administrator Part 298 Exemptions for air taxi and commuter air carrier operations ICAO ANNEX Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing Annex 2 – Rules of the Air Annex 3 – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation Annex 4 – Aeronautical Charts Annex 5 – Units of Measurement to be used in Air and Ground Operations Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft Annex 7 – Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft Annex 9 – Facilitation Annex 10 – Aeronautical Telecommunications Annex 11 – Air Traffic Services – Air Traffic Control Service, Flight Information Service and Alerting Service Annex 12 – Search and Rescue Annex 13 – Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation Annex 14 – Aerodromes Annex 15 – Aeronautical Information Services Annex 16 – Environmental Protection Annex 17 – Security: Safeguarding International Civil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference Annex 18 – The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Annex 19 – Safety Management (Since 14 November 2013) PHILIPPINE CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS 1. PART 01 – General Policies, Procedures and Definitions 2. PART 02 – Personnel Licensing 3. PART 03 – Approved Training Organizations 4. PART 04 – Aircraft Registration and Marking 5. PART 05 – Airworthiness 6. PART 06 – Approved Maintenance Organization 7. PART 07 – Instrument and Equipment 8. PART 08 – Operations 9. PART 09 – Air Operator Certification and Administration 10. PART 10 – Commercial Air Transport by Foreign Air Carriers within Republic of the Philippines 11. PART 11 – Aerial Work and Operating Limitations for Non-Type Certificated Aircraft 12. PART 13 – Accident & Incident Reporting and Investigation 13. PART 18 – Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air KDCadap  10 General JAR-1 Definitions JAR-11 JAA Regulatory and Related Procedures Operations JAR-OPS Part 1 Commercial Air Transportation (Aeroplanes) JAR-OPS Part 2 Commercial Air Transportation (Helicopters) JAR-FSTD A Aeroplane Flight Simulation Training Devices JAR-FSTD H Helicopter Flight Simulation Training Devices JAR-26 Additional Airworthiness Requirements for Operations JAR-STD 1A Aeroplane Flight Simulators JAR-STD 2A Aeroplane Flight Training Devices JAR-STD 3A Flight and Navigation Procedures Trainers JAR-STD 4A Basic Instrument Training Devices JAR-STD 1H Helicopter Flight Simulators JAR-STD 2H Helicopter Flight Training Devices Licensing JAR-FCL 1 Flight Crew Licensing (Aeroplane) JAR-FCL 2 Flight Crew Licensing (Helicopter) JAR-FCL 3 Flight Crew Licensing (Medical) JAR-FCL 4 Flight Crew Licensing (Flight Engineers) Airworthiness JAR-21 Certification Procedures for Aircraft. Products and Related Parts JAR-22 Sailplanes and Powered Sailplanes JAR-23 Normal, Utility, Aerobatic, and Commuter Category Aeroplanes JAR-25 Large Aeroplanes JAR-27 Small Rotorcraft JAR-TS0 Joint Technical Standard Orders JAR-VLA Very Light Aeroplanes JAR-VLR Very Light Helicopters GAI-20 Joint Advisory Material – Advisory Circular Joint JAR-29 Large Rotorcraft JAR-34 Aircraft Engine Emissions JAR-36 Aircraft Noise JAR-39 Airworthiness Directives JAR-66 Certifying Staff JAR-145 Approved Maintenance Organizations JAR-147 Maintenance Training Organizations JAR-APU Auxiliary Power Units JAR-AWO All Weather Operations JAR-E Engines JAR-M Continuing Airworthiness JAR-P Propellers KDCadap  11 INTERNATIONAL AIR LAW CONVENTIONS 1. Paris Convention of 1919 - Convention Relating to the Regulation of Aerial Navigation (addressing safety and navigation) 2. Warsaw Convention of 1929 - Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air (addressing air carrier liability to passengers and cargo) 3. Rome Convention of 1933 - The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface; and The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to the Precautionary Arrest of Aircraft (addressing liability for surface damage caused by aircraft) 4. Chicago Convention of 1944 - Convention on International Civil Aviation (addressing safety and navigation) 5. Geneva Convention of 1948 - Convention on the International Recognition of Rights in Aircraft (addressing aircraft registration) 6. Hague Protocol - Protocol to Amend the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air Signed at Warsaw on 12 October 1929. (addressing air carrier liability to passengers and cargo) 7. Rome Convention of 1952 - Convention on Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface (addressing aircraft operator liability for surface damage) 8. Guadalajara Convention of 1961 Convention, Supplementary to the Warsaw Convention, for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air Performed by a Person Other than the Contracting Carrier (addressing air carrier liability to passengers and cargo) 9. Tokyo Convention of 1963 - The Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft (addressing offenses on board aircraft) 10. Hague Convention of 1970 - Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft (addressing aircraft hijacking) 11. Montreal Convention of 1971 - Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation (addressing aircraft and air navigation security) 12. The Montreal Protocol of 1988 - Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation (addressing airport security) 13. Montreal Convention of 1999 - Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air (addressing air carrier liability to passengers and cargo) 14. Cape Town Convention of 2001 - Protocol to the Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment on Matters Specific to Aircraft Equipment. (addressing financial interests in aircraft) 15. Montreal Conventions of 2009 - Convention on Compensation for Damage to Third Parties, Resulting from Acts of Unlawful Interference Involving Aircraft (addressing liability for surface damage) KDCadap  12 16. Beijing Convention and Protocol of 2010 - Convention on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Aviation (addressing security) KDCadap  13 AIRCRAFT ATA CHAPTER LIST Aircraft General 53 Fuselage 00 Introduction/Aircraft General 54 Nacelles/Pylons 01-04 Operation Information 55 Stabilizers 05 Periodic Inspections 56 Windows 06 Dimensions and areas 57 Wings 07 Lifting and Shoring Propeller/Rotor 08 Leveling and weighing 60 Standard Practices-Propeller/Rotor 09 Towing and Taxing 61 Propeller/Propulsion Parking, Mooring, Storage, and Return to 10 62 Rotors Service 11 Placards and Markings 63 Rotor Drives 12 Servicing Routine Maintenance 64 Tail Rotor 13-17 Unassigned 65 Tail Rotor Drive 18 Vibration and Noise Analysis (Heli) 66 Folding Blades and Tail Pylon 19 Unassigned 67 Rotors Flight Control Airframe Systems Powerplant 20 Standard Practices-Airframe 70 Standard Practices Engine 21 Air Conditioning 71 Powerplant General 22 Auto Flight 72 Engine (T) Engine Turbine/turboprop. Ducted Fan/ 23 Communications 72 Unducted Fan 24 Electrical Power 72 (R) Engine Reciprocating 25 Equipment/Furnishing 13 Engine Fuel Control 26 Fire Protection 14 Ignition 27 Flight Controls 75 Bleed Air 28 Fuel 76 Engine Controls 29 Hydraulic Power 77 Engine Indicating 30 Ice and Rain Protection 78 Exhaust 31 Indicating/ Recording Systems 79 Oil 32 Landing Gear 80 Starting 33 Lights 81 Turbines (Reciprocating Engine) 34 Navigations 82 Water Injection 35 Oxygen 83 Accessory Gear Boxes 36 Pneumatic 84 Propulsion Augmentations 37 Vacuum Others 38 Water/Waste 91 Chart Electrical Electronic Panels and 39 97 Wiring Reporting Multipurpose Components Manufacturers Technical 41 Water Ballast 100 Data Specification for Ground Equipment 42 Integrated Modular Avionics 101 Technical Data 44 Cabin Systems 102 Computer Software Manual Central Maintenance System (CMS) Standards for Jet Fuel Quality Control at 45 103 Airports 46 Information Systems 104 Guidelines for Aircraft Maintenance training Guidelines for Training and Qualifying 47 Inert Gas System 105 Personnel in non-Destructive Testing Methods KDCadap  14 Sources and approved Parts Qualification 49 Airborne Auxiliary Power 106 Guidelines Structures 115 Flight Simulator Systems 50 Cargo and Accessory Compartments 116 Flight Simulator Cuing Systems 51 Standard Practices and Structures General 117 Wiring Maintenance Practices/Guidelines 52 Doors 300 Packaging of Airline Supplies KDCadap  15 FREEDOMS OF THE AIR KDCadap  16 PD 1570 Summary Created by Ferdinand Marcos, June 11, 1978 Section 1 – title “Philippine aeronautical engineering decree” Section 2 – objectives Section 3 – creation of the board Composed of chairman and 2 members appointed by president of PH Section 4 – qualification of board members Resident of ph 31 years of age; good moral character Holder of the degree of bachelor of science in aeronautical engineering Registered aeronautical engineer; except of the first group Had been in active practice of aeronautical engineering for at least 10 yrs Not a member of faculty of any university, college or institute Not financially interested in any university, college or institute Not an elective officer of any association or organization of aeronautical engineering Section 5 – term of office Term – 3 years No member of the board shall serve for more than 2 terms Section 6 – removal of member – can be removed by the president Section 7 – power and duties of the board Section 9 – compensation of members Section 10 – conduct of examinations – commission and board jointly conducts the exam given by board Section 11 – schedule of fees Section 12 – annual report of the board – board will submit to commission within 60 days following the end of each fiscal year Section 13 – board of examinations Section 14 – qualification of examination 21 years old Citizen of PH Good moral of character Holder of BSAeE degree Must not be convicted of any crime Section 15 – schedule of examination – exams given by board, date and place given by commission Section 16 – scope of examination – always divisible by 5 Math – 10% Aerodynamics – 25% structures and design – 20% powerplant – 20% Air Laws – 10% ACRM – 15% Section 17 – passing average – GWA of 75% and no rating of below 50% in any subject. Board have the power to revise the subjects and their weights KDCadap  17 Section 18 – report of ratings – board shall submit ratings to commission within 90 days after the examination. All ratings shall be released 70 days before next examination Section 19 – certificate of registration – all registrants are required to take oaths Signed by members and approved by commissioner Section 20 – registration without examination – qualifications of non takers Section 22 – refusal to issue certificate Section 23 – suspension and revocation of certificate Section 24 – reinstatement or replacement of certificate – renewal of license every 2 years Section 25 – seals and its uses Section 28 – unlawful practice Section 33 – penalty for violations of this decree Imprisonment ranging from 6 months to 6 years Fine ranging from 1000 – 6000 pesos or both Section 36 – effectivity KDCadap  18 PD 1570 IRR Summary Article 1 definition of terms Section 1 – definition of terms 4 major activities in aeronautical engineering Manufacture of aircraft Education and training Aircraft operation or maintenance Research and development Section 2 – seal of the board of aeronautical engineering Circular in shape with maximum diameter of 48 mm Wing section with shock waves attached to leading and trailing edges (facing to the right) 4 orbiting electrons – symbolizes 4 major activities Wing section symbolizes aircraft, shock wave symbolizes dynamic and progressive profession words inscribed “professional regulation commission” - upper board of aeronautical engineering – lower section 3 – seal of aeronautical engineering similar to the seal of board Words at the upper part “aeronautical engineer” Words at the lower part “Philippines” Slight below the center of the seal shall be printed horizontally the full name of the engineer. His corresponding registration number shall also appear in a horizontal line above his name. Article 2 registration of aeronautical engineers Section 1 – registration of examination Section 2 – proof of qualification for examination Foreigner applicant needs to have proof of reciprocity Section 3 – scope of examination Article 3 practice of aeronautical engineering Article 4 code of ethics Section 1 – foreword Honesty, justice and courtesy – foundation of ethics Integrity – keystone of professional conduct Section 2 – relations with state Section 3 - Relations with public Section 4 – relation with clients and employers Section 5 – relation with engineers Section 6 – relations with professions Article 5 miscellaneous provisions Section 5 effectivity – shall take effect 15 days following the date of publication in the official gazette Adopted by the Board of Aeronautical Engineering at the Metropolitan Manila, Philippines, this 23rd day of September, 1982 Approved and promulgated as the Rules and Regulations of the Board of Aeronautical Engineering, this 12th day of October, 1982 KDCadap  19 RA 776 Summary June 20, 1952 Chapter 1 title and purpose Section 1 – title “the civil aeronautics act of the Philippines” Section 2 – purpose and scope of act – reorganization of CAB and Civil aeronautics administration Chapter 2 general provisions Section 3 - words and phrases defined ADMINISTRATOR: the Civil Aeronautics Administrator AIR COMMERCE: means and includes air transportation for pay or hire, the navigation of aircraft in furtherance of a business, or the navigation of aircraft from one place to another for operation in the conduct of a business AIR TRANSPORTATION: means service or carriage of persons, property or mail, in whole or in part, by aircraft AIRCRAFT RATIO STATION: a radio station on board any aircraft AIRWAYS: a path thru the navigable air space identified by an area of specified width on the surface of the earth designated or approved by the Administrator as suitable for air commerce or air transportation CITIZEN OF THE PHILIPPINES: (a) an individual who is a citizen of the Philippines, or (b) a partnership ADMINISTRATOR: the Civil Aeronautics Administrator AIR COMMERCE: means and includes air transportation for pay or hire, the navigation of aircraft in furtherance of a business, or the navigation of aircraft from one place to another for operation in the conduct of a business AIR TRANSPORTATION: means service or carriage of persons, property or mail, in whole or in part, by aircraft AIRCRAFT RATIO STATION: a radio station on board any aircraft AIRWAYS: a path thru the navigable air space identified by an area of specified width on the surface of the earth designated or approved by the Administrator as suitable for air commerce or air transportation CITIZEN OF THE PHILIPPINES: (a) an individual who is a citizen of the Philippines, or (b) a partnership not bonafide employee of an air carrier, who as principal or agent, sells or offers for sale any air transportation of cargo, or negotiates for, or holds himself out of solicitation, advertisement, or otherwise as one who sells, provides, furnished, contracts or arranges for such air transportation of cargo AIRFREIGHT FORWARDER: any indirect air carrier which, in the ordinary and usual course of its undertaking, assembles and consolidates or provides for assembling and consolidating such property or performs or provides for the performance of break-bulk and distributing operations with respect to consolidated shipments, and is responsible for the transportation of property from the point of receipt to point of destination and utilizes for the whole or any part of such transportation the services of a direct air carrier. KDCadap  20 Chapter 3 Civil aeronautics board Section 5 – composition of the board Secretary of commerce and industry as chairman / secretary of transportation and communications CAA Commanding officer of the Philippine air force 2 other members appointed by president of PH No member of the board shall have any pecuniary interest in any civil aeronautics interprise Section 6 – principal office and quorum – principal office in the city of manila Chairman and 2 members shall constitute a quorum. Majority vote is necessary Section 7 – Permanent Personnel EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Chief Executive of the Board; 37,000 php/annum DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: 30,000 php/annum BOARD SECRETARY: record all proceedings of the Board, take charge of and keep all its papers; 24,000 php/annum CHIEFS of the Technical Divisions: 24,000 php/annum In the absence of the ED and DED, the Chairman may designate an Officer-in-Charge. Section 8 – Temporary Personnel Section 9 – annual report Section 10 – powers and duties of the board – regulate economic aspect of air Transportation General supervision, regulation, and control over air carriers, general sales agents, cargo sales agents, and airfreight forwarders their property, property rights, equipment, facilities, and franchise In the case of foreign air carriers, the Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) shall be issued with the approval of the Philippine President Chapter 4 certificate of public convenience and necessity Section 11 –nature, terms and conditions CPCN – permit issued by board authorizing a person to engage in air commerce or transportation, foreign or domestic Section 12 – citizenship requirements – shall only be issued to citizens of the Philippines Section 13 – Conduct of Proceedings Section 14 – Delegation of Authority to Conduct Hearing Section 15 – application for permit – shall be made written Section 16 – Notice Section 17 – time and place of meeting – board is responsible to set time and place Section 18 – Non-Appearance Section 19 – Deposition Section 20 – Hearing and Records of Proceedings Section 21 – issuance of permit – board shall issue the permit Section 22 – modification suspension and revocation – board may suspend any permit not exceeding 30 days Section 23 – transfer of permit – permit cannot be transferred unless approved by board Section 24 – effective date and duration of permit – no permit shall be issued for a period of more than 25 years KDCadap  21 Chapter 5 civil aeronautics administration Section 25 – organization of civil aeronautics administration Under control of department of commerce and industry Chief – administrator Deputy chief – deputy administrator Section 26 - the civil aeronautics administrator – administrator is appointed by president of PH appointed by the President of the Philippines with the consent of the Commission on Appointments receive an annual basic salary of 7,200 php; additional salary of 1,800 php/annum administer all laws relating to civil aviation in the Philippines submit in writing to the Department head annually or as often as may be required, reports of the activities and transaction of his office Section 27 – the deputy administrator – appointed by president of PH appointed by the President with the consent of the Commission on Appointments receive an annual basic salary of 6,000 php Section 28 – Authority of The Officers Of The Civil Aeronautics Administration To Administer Oaths Section 29 – Permanent Divisions Section 30 – Officials and Employees Section 31 – Temporary Personnel Section 32 – power and duties of administrator – issue airman certificate / airworthiness certificate / air carrier operating certificate / type certificate Chapter 6 – registration and record Section 34 – eligibility for registration No aircraft shall be eligible for registration unless it is owned by a citizen or citizens of the Philippines Section 36 – issuance of certificate of registration – admin issues certificate of registration LANDING FEES: refer to all charges for the use of any landing strip or run- way by any aircraft landing or taking off at an aerodrome TERMINAL FEES: refer to charges for parking at or near the ramp, terminal area, or building, for purposes of loading or unloading passengers and/or cargo ROYALTIES: refer to all charges based on gross business or sales, or gross or net profit SUPPLIES: include any and all items of whatever nature or description which may be necessary for, or incident to, the operation of an aircraft Chapter 7 – violation and penalties Section 42 – specific penalties Fine not exceeding 5000 pesos Imprisonment for not more than 1 year Chapter 8 – orders and judicial review Chapter 9 – receipts of the civil aeronautics administration and civil aeronautics board Chapter 10 – miscellaneous provisions Section 56 – effectivity, Date of Approval: June 20, 1956 (062056) KDCadap  22 RA 9497 Summary March 4, 2008 / GMA ** CAAA of 2008, take note that the three first words are those of CAAP’s Begun and held in Manila July 23, 2007 1. General Provisions 2. Organization of Authority 3. General Policies 4. Powers of the Authority 5. Powers and Functions of the Board 6. The Authority Proper 7. The Director General 8. Nationality and Ownership of Aircraft 9. Aviation Safety Powers and Functions 10. Other Powers 11. Penalties 12. Transitory Provisions Section 1 – title – “civil aviation authority act of 2008” Section 2 – declaration of policy – provide safe and efficient air transport Section 3 – definition of terms AERIAL WORK: aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized services such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue, aerial advertisement, etc AERODROME: an airport, a defined area on land or water (including any building, installation and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft AERONAUTICS: the science and art of flight AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATION: refers to and includes any telegraph or telephone communication signs, signals, writings, images and sounds of any nature, by wire, radio or other systems or processes of signaling, used in the aeronautical service AERONAUTICAL TELECOMMUNICATION STATION: refers to any station operated to provide telecommunications for aeronautical purposes AIR CARRIER / OPERATOR: refers to a person who undertakes, whether directly or indirectly, or by a lease or any other arrangements, to engage in air transportation services or air commerce. The term may likewise refer to either a "Philippine Air Carrier" or a "Foreign Air Carrier" as indicated by the context AIR COMMERCE / COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT OPERATION: refers to and includes scheduled or non-scheduled air transport services for pay or hire, the navigation of aircraft in furtherance of a business, the navigation of aircraft from one place to another for operation in the conduct of a business, or an aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire AIRCRAFT: refers to any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth's surface The term "aircraft", when used in this Act or in regulations issued under this Act, shall refer to civil aircraft only, and will not include State or public aircraft KDCadap  23 AIRCRAFT INCIDENT: refers to the occurrence, other than an accident, which is associated with the operation of an aircraft when the safety of the aircraft has been endangered, or is a situation which could endanger an aircraft and if it occurred again in other circumstances AIRCRAFT RADIO STATION: refers to a radio station on board any aircraft AIRCRAFT ENGINE: refers to any engine use, or intended to be used, for propulsion of aircraft and includes all parts, appurtenances, and accessories thereof other that propellers AIRCRAFT PIRACY: refers to any actual or attempted seizure or exercise of control, by force or violence, or by any other form of intimidation, with wrongful intent, of an aircraft within the jurisdiction of the Philippines AIRMAN: refers to any individual who engages, as the person-in-command or as pilot, mechanic, aeronautical engineer, flight radio operator or member of the crew, in the navigation of aircraft while under way and any individual who is directly in charge of inspection, maintenance, overhauling, or repair of aircraft, aircraft engine, propellers, or appliances; and individual who serves in the capacity of aircraft dispatcher or air traffic control operator AIRMAN LICENSE: refers to a written authorization or permission issued to any person for the exercise of the privileges of flying, maintaining, controlling, directing, dispatching, instructing or any other civil aviation activity which is regulated and supervised by the Authority AIRMAN LICENSE: refers to a written authorization or permission issued to any person for the exercise of the privileges of flying, maintaining, controlling, directing, dispatching, instructing or any other civil aviation activity which is regulated and supervised by the Authority AIR OPERATOR: refers to any organization which undertakes to engage in domestic commercial air transport or international commercial air transport, whether directly or indirectly, or by a lease or any other arrangement AIR OPERATOR CERTIFICATE (AOC): refers to a certificate authorizing an operator to carry out specified commercial air transport operations AIR ROUTE: refers to the navigable airspace between two points and the terrain beneath such airspace identified, to the extent necessary, for application of flight rules AIRPORT: refers to any area of land or water designed, equipped, set apart or commonly used for affording facilities for Air Traffic Control services and facilities; and the landing and departure of aircraft and includes any area or space, whether on the ground, on the roof of a building or elsewhere, which is designed, equipped or set apart for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft capable of descending or climbing vertically AIR TRANSPORT: refers to the transportation of persons, property, mail or cargo by aircraft AIR TRANSPORT SERVICE: refers to the act of transporting persons, property, mail cargo, in whole or in part, by aircraft to points within or outside of the Philippines AIRWORTHINESS: means that an aircraft, its engines, propellers, and other components and accessories, are of proper design and construction, and are safe for air navigation purposes, such design and construction being consistent with accepted engineering practice and in accordance with aerodynamic laws and aircraft science. ANNEXES TO THE CHICAGO CONVENTION: refers to the documents issued by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) containing the standards and recommended practices applicable to civil aviation KDCadap  24 AUTHORITY: refers to the Philippine Civil Aviation Authority created pursuant to the provisions of this Act and shall, as indicated by the context, include the Board of Directors and/or Director General created pursuant thereto APPLIANCE: refers to instruments, equipment, apparatus, parts, appurtenances, or accessories, of whatever description, which are used, or are capable of being or intended to be used, in the navigation, operation, or control of aircraft in flight (including parachutes and including communication equipment and any other mechanism or mechanisms installed in or attached to aircraft during flight), and which are not part or parts of aircraft, aircraft engines, or propellers PROPELLER: refers to an inclusive term for all parts, appurtenances, and accessories of a propeller AVIATION CERTIFICATE: means any airworthiness certificate, airman certificate, air operator certificate, certificate authorizing the operation of an aviation school or approved maintenance organization or other document issued by virtue of the provisions of this Act in respect of any person, aircraft, airport or aviation-related service CIVIL AIRCRAFT: refers to any aircraft other than a State or public aircraft CIVIL AVIATION: refers to the operation of any civil aircraft for the purpose of general aviation operations, aerial work or commercial air transport operations CREW MEMBER: refers to a person assigned to perform duties on an aircraft in flight DANGEROUS GOODS: refers to articles or substances that are capable of posing significant risks to health or safety of property when transported by air DOMESTIC AIR COMMERCE: means and includes air commerce within the limits of the Philippine territory DOMESTIC AIR TRANSPORT: means air transportation within the limits of the Philippine territory FOREIGN AIR CARRIER / FOREIGN AIR OPERATOR: means any operator, not being a Philippine air operator, which undertakes, whether directly or indirectly or by lease or any other arrangement, to engage in commercial air transport operations within borders or airspace of the Philippines, whether on a scheduled or chartered basis FOREIGN AIR TRANSPORT: refers to air transportation between the Philippines and any place outside it or wholly outside the Philippines GENERAL AVIATION OPERATION: refers to an aircraft operation of. a civil aircraft for other than a commercial air transport operation or aerial work operation FOREIGN AIR TRANSPORT: refers to air transportation between the Philippines and any place outside it or wholly outside the Philippines GENERAL AVIATION OPERATION: refers to an aircraft operation of. a civil aircraft for other than a commercial air transport operation or aerial work operation NAVIGATION OF AIRCRAFT: refers to a function that includes the piloting of aircraft PHILIPPINE AIR CARRIER: air carrier who is a citizen of the Philippine PHILIPPINE AIRCRAFT: aircraft registered in the Philippines in accordance with the requirements of this Act PUBLIC AIRCRAFT: refers to an aircraft used exclusively in the service of any government or of any political jurisdiction thereof, including the Government of the Philippines, but not including any government-owned aircraft engaged in operations which meet the definition of commercial air transport operations RULES OF THE AIR: means those provisions for securing the safety of aircraft in flight and in KDCadap  25 movement on the surface and the safety of persons and property on the surface. These provisions include: (1) lights and signals to be shown by aircraft; (2) general, visual and instrument flight rules; (3) airport traffic rules; and (4) airport signals and markings SPARE PARTS: refers to any parts, appurtenances, and accessories of aircraft (other than aircraft engines and propellers), aircraft engines (other than propellers), propellers, and appliances, maintained for installation or use in an aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or appliance, but which at the time are not installed therein or attached thereto VALIDATION: refers aboard to the written acceptance of an action of the civil aviation authority of another country in lieu of an action that this Act assigns to the Director General LANDING FEES: refers to all charges for the use of any landing strip or runway by any aircraft landing or taking off at an aerodrome TERMINAL FEES: refers to charges for parking at or near the ramp, terminal area, or building, for purposes of loading or unloading passengers and/or cargo ROYALTIES: refers to all charges based on gross business or sales, or gross or net profit SUPPLIES: includes any and all items of whatever nature or description which may be necessary for, or incidental to, the operation of an aircraft Section 4 – creation of the authority Creation of CAAP – attached to DOTC ATO is abolished Director general – appointed by president of PH Tenure of office for 4 years / appointment can be extended for another 4 years Section 5 – composition of board members – 7 members Secretary of department of transportation and communications as chairman Director general as vice chairman Secretary of finance Secretary of foreign affairs Secretary of justice Secretary of interior and local government Secretary of department of labor and employment Section 6 – all members of board within 4th civil degree shall be prohibited from holding any interest Section 8 – quorum – at least 4 members / majority vote of 3 Section 9 – qualifications of director general Filipino 35 years old Good moral character Unquestionable integrity Degree holder with at least 5 years of experience in field of aviation Section 10 – board meetings – board shall meet regularly once a month / chairman or 4 members for special meeting Section 13 – principal office – city of manila KDCadap  26 Section 14 – capitalization – 50 billion pesos capital stock Section 16 – exemption from taxes – exempted from all direct or indirect taxes Section 17 – schedule of fees and charges – authority cannot revise fees more often than once every 3 years Section 20 – annual report Section 22 – power and functions of the authority Section 23 – corporate power Section 24 – powers of the board Section 35 – power and functions of the director general – issue certificates Section 36 – the office of enforcement and legal service – provide adequate legal assistance and support to the director general Section 38 – right of access for inspection – director general shall be authorized to access civil aircrafts without restrictions Section 40 – creation of flight standards inspectorate service – assist director general in carrying out responsibilities of his office for certification and on going inspections Section 44 – eligibility for registration – no aircraft shall be eligible for registration unless it is owned by or leased to a citizen of the Philippines (at least 60% of capital owned by Filipino) Section 85 – abolition of air transportation office Section 90 – implementing rules and regulation – 60 days from its approval Section 91 – congressional oversight committee – 6 members Section 94 – effectivity – take effect after 15 days in at least 2 national newspaper of general circulation OTHER LAWS EO #903 s.1983 CREATION OF MANILA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY RA #7227 CREATION OF SUBIC BAY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT EO #193 s.2003 CREATION OF CLARK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT CORPORATION (DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY) RA #6958 CREATION OF MACTAN-CEBU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY KDCadap  27 14 CFR summary Airworthy means the aircraft conforms to its type design and is in a condition for safe operation. Product means an aircraft, aircraft engine, or aircraft propeller Big 3 14 CFR Part 21—Certification Procedures for Products and Parts 14 CFR Part 43 — Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alterations 14 CFR Part 91—General Operating and Flight Rules 14 CFR part 21 – certification of product and parts obtaining type certificates, STC, airworthiness certificates, and import and export approvals maintenance manual – defines inspection and maintenance action necessary to maintain the aircraft in airworthy condition 14 CFR part 23 – general aviation NUA – 9 or less passengers excluding pilots / 12500 lbs Commuter – 19 or less passengers excluding pilots / 19000 lbs 14 CFR part 25 – commercial aviation – greater than 12500 lbs 14 CFR part 27 – airworthiness standards: normal category rotorcraft– 7000 lbs 14 CFR part 29 – airworthiness standards: transport category rotorcraft – greater than 7000 lbs 14 CFR part 33 – airworthiness standards: aircraft engines 14 CFR part 35 – airworthiness standards: propellers 14 CFR part 39 – airworthiness directives – unsafe condition 14 CFR part 43 – Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration 14 CFR part 45 - Identification and Registration Marking part number and serial number LLP – manufacturer must provide marking instructions Common size for nationality mark – 12 inches 14 CFR Part 47 – aircraft registration 14 CFR Part 65 - Certification: Airmen Other Than Flight Crewmembers Subpart B — Air Traffic Control Tower Operators Subpart C — Aircraft Dispatchers Subpart D — Mechanics Subpart E — Repairmen Subpart F — Parachute Riggers 14 CFR Part 91 – General Operating and Flight Rules - main responsibility of owner 14 CFR Part 119 - Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators Small aircraft – less than 12500 lbs Large aircraft – greater than 12500 lbs 14 CFR Part 121 - Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental Operations Director of Safety Director of Operations Director of Maintenance Chief Pilot Chief Inspector 14 CFR Part 125 - Certification and Operations: Airplanes Having a Seating Capacity of 20 or More KDCadap  28 Passengers or a Maximum Payload Capacity of 6,000 Pounds or More; and Rules Governing Persons on Board Such Aircraft 14 CFR 14 CFR Part 135—Operating Requirements: Commuter and On Demand Operations and Rules Governing Persons on Board Such Aircraft The certificate holder must make both aircraft and records available to the FAA for inspection and review. The certificate holder must notify the Administrator at least 60 days in advance of the availability of the aircraft and the records for review 14 CFR Part 145—Repair Stations one does not need to hold an airframe and powerplant (A&P) certificate to be employed at a repair station. All records from repair station maintenance activity must be kept a minimum of 2 years. Domestic repair station certificates are effective until they are surrendered, suspended, or revoked. foreign repair stations expire, usually after 1 or 2 years, and must be renewed. 14 CFR Part 147—Aviation Maintenance Technician Schools Detailed Explanation of Primary Regulations (Parts 43 and 91) 14 CFR Part 43 – Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding and Alterations Form 8130-7, Special Airworthiness Certificate—pink color certificate) Each term states that it may not be used to describe work done on an aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part unless that item has been: o Disassembled, o Cleaned, o Inspected, o Repaired as Necessary, o Reassembled, and o Tested, Overhauled - tested in accordance with approved standards acceptable to the Administration which have been developed and documented by the manufacturer Rebuilt - tested to the same tolerances and limits as a new item Persons authorized to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, and alterations o Certified mechanic o Certified repairman o Person working under the supervision of a certified mechanic or repairman o Holder of repair station certificate o Holder of an air carrier certificate o Holder of pilot certificate (other than a sport pilot certificate) may perform preventive maintenance on an aircraft he or she owns or operate o Pilot of a rotorcraft (when operated under part 135 and in remote areas) may perform specific preventive maintenance actions Returning an aircraft component of an aircraft to service after maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding or alteration must be done by creating an appropriate KDCadap  29 maintenance record entry o FAA Form 337, Major Repair and Alteration, if the maintenance action was a major repair or a major alteration. Repair - returns the aircraft to its previous or unaltered condition Alteration - always changes or modifies the aircraft from its previous state Major action - one that might appreciably affect weight, balance, structural strength, performance, powerplant operation, flight characteristics, or other qualities affecting airworthiness, and that are not done according to accepted practices or cannot be done by elementary operations Minor repair and alteration - “acceptable” data, such as manufacturers’ maintenance manuals or AC 43.13-1 Major repairs and alterations - approved data” Some examples of approved data are: AD Notes, STCs, TCDS’s, DAS specific authorizations, DER specific delegations, and FAA- approved manufacturer Service Bulletins Persons authorized to approve aircraft, airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, or component parts for return to service after maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alteration o Certified mechanic or holder of an inspection authorization. o Holder of a repair station certificate o Manufacturer. o Holder of an air carrier certificate o Certificated private pilot. o Repairman certificated with a maintenance rating for light sport aircraft only o Certificated sport pilot for preventive maintenance on an aircraft owned and or operated by him or her NOTE: although a certificated repairman is authorized to work on a product undergoing maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, or alterations he or she is not authorized to approve that product for return to service. He or she must make the appropriate maintenance record entry per the requirements Major repair - work must be documented on FAA Form 337 Life-limited part means any part for which a mandatory replacement limit has been specified Life status means the accumulated cycles, hours, or any other mandatory limit of a life- limited part When a life-limited part is removed, the person removing it from the type-certificated product must control the part and assure proper tracking of the life-limiting factor. This is to prevent the installation of the part after it has reached its life limit. When a life-limited part is transferred, the information concerning the life status of that part must be transferred with it Rejected for return to service - a list of discrepancies must be given to the owner o any appropriately rated repair station or certificated technician can perform the required maintenance actions. o Once completed, the aircraft is approved for return to service. It is neither necessary to have an additional inspection, nor is it necessary to contact the disapproving inspector When performing an annual or 100-hour inspection, a checklist must be used If a progressive inspection is being conducted, it must be preceded by a complete aircraft KDCadap  30 inspection progressive inspection is the result of breaking down the large task of conducting a major inspection into smaller tasks which can be accomplished periodically without taking the aircraft out of service for an extended period of time A routine inspection is a visual examination or check of the item, but no disassembly is required A detailed inspection is a thorough examination of the item including disassembly Aviation Maintenance Engineer = Canadian A&P Approved Maintenance Organization = Canadian Repair station Appendix A - Major Alterations, Major Repairs, and Preventive Maintenance o Airframe / Powerplant / Propeller / Appliance Appendix B - Recording of Major Repairs and Major Alterations o FAA form 337 – original copy going to the aircraft owner and a copy sent to the FAA Aircraft Registration Branch in Oklahoma City o if a certificated repair station completes a major repair, it may provide the customer with a signed copy of the work order and a maintenance release signed by an authorized representative of the repair station Appendix C is reserved for future use and therefore currently contains no information. Appendix D—Scope and Detail of Items to Be Included in Annual and 100-Hour Inspections o The list of items and areas to be inspected are exactly the same for an annual as a 100 hour. The only difference is who is authorized to approve the aircraft for return to service following the inspection. which states that an IA must perform an annual inspection Appendix E—Altimeter System Test and Inspection o 411 test o no person may operate an aircraft in controlled airspace under IFR unless the aircraft has had this test completed successfully within the preceding 24 months Appendix F—ATC Transponder Tests and Inspections o 413 test o no person may operate an aircraft in controlled airspace under IFR unless the aircraft has had this test completed successfully within the preceding 24 months 14 CFR Part 91—General Operating and Flight Rules The owner/operator holds the primary responsibility for maintaining the aircraft in airworthy condition Whenever the aircraft has undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding or alteration, it must have been approved for return to service and a proper entry made in the maintenance records If the maintenance that was done could have appreciably changed the flight characteristics, an appropriately rated pilot must perform an operational flight check of the aircraft and must make an entry of the flight in the maintenance records. This requirement for a 100-hour inspection to be conducted on an aircraft may be exceeded by as much as 10 hours if the aircraft is en route to reach a facility that will be conducting the inspection. Any time accrued between 100 and 110 hours is subtracted from the hours remaining before the next 100-hour inspection. KDCadap  31 Progressive inspection - inspection may be either performed or supervised by a technician holding an Inspection Authorization. Just as with the 100-hour inspection, a 10-hour maximum extension of a specified inspection interval is allowed If the progressive inspection is discontinued, the aircraft will again be subject to the traditional annual and 100-hour inspections. Other inspection programs, which may be applicable to other aircraft, are a continuous airworthiness inspection program and an approved aircraft inspection program (AAIP) Altimeter system and altitude reporting equipment tests and inspections - Due to the inherent design and accuracy of this system, only certain persons may perform these tests: the aircraft manufacturer, a properly rated repair station, or a certificated airframe mechanic It should be noted that the airframe technician may only perform the inspection and test of the static pressure system When an aircraft is sold, it is logical that the records are transferred with it. They may be either in plain language or coded Zero time - an aircraft engine, when rebuilt by the engine manufacturer or an agency approved by the manufacturer, may be given a new maintenance record, showing no previous operating history. ICAO ANNEXES Summary The Convention is supported by nineteen annexes containing standards and recommended practices (SARPs). The annexes are amended regularly by ICAO andare as follows: Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing Licensing of flight crews, air traffic controllers & aircraft maintenance personnel. Including Chapter 6 containingmedical standards. Annex 2 – Rules of the Air o Appendix 1 - Signals o Appendix 2 - Interception of civil aircraft o Appendix 3 - Tables of cruising levels o Appendix 4 - Unmanned free balloons o ATTACHMENT A. Interception of civilaircraft o ATTACHMENT B. Unlawful interference Annex 3 – Meteorological Service forInternational Air Navigation o Vol I – Core SARPs o Vol II – Appendices and Attachments Annex 4 – Aeronautical Charts Annex 5 – Units of Measurement to be used in Airand Ground Operations Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft o Part I – International Commercial AirTransport – Aeroplanes o Part II – International General Aviation – Aeroplanes o Part III – International Operations – KDCadap  32 Helicopters Annex 7 – Aircraft Nationality and RegistrationMarks Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft Annex 9 – Facilitation Annex 10 – Aeronautical Telecommunications o Vol I – Radio Navigation Aids o Vol II – Communication Proceduresincluding those with PANS status o Vol III – Communication Systems ▪ Part I – Digital Data CommunicationSystems ▪ Part II – Voice CommunicationSystems o Vol IV – Surveillance Radar and CollisionAvoidance Systems o Vol V – Aeronautical Radio FrequencySpectrum Utilization Annex 11 – Air Traffic Services – Air Traffic ControlService, Flight Information Service and Alerting Service Annex 12 – Search and Rescue Annex 13 – Aircraft Accident andIncident Investigation Annex 14 – Aerodromes o Vol I – Aerodrome Design and Operations o Vol II – Heliports Annex 15 – Aeronautical Information Services Annex 16 – Environmental Protection o Vol I – Aircraft Noise o Vol II – Aircraft Engine Emissions o Vol III – CO2 Certification Requirement o Vol IV – Carbon Offsetting and ReductionScheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) Annex 17 – Security: Safeguarding InternationalCivil Aviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference Annex 18 – The Safe Transport of DangerousGoods by Air Annex 19 – Safety Management (Since 14November 2013) Annex 5, Units of Measurement to be Used in Air and Ground Operations, named in its Table 3-3 three "non- SI alternative units permitted for temporary use with theSI": the foot (for vertical distance = altitude), the knot (for speed), and the nautical mile (for longdistance). SUMMARY OF ICAO ANNEXES Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing It contains standards and recommended practices (SARPS)for the licensing of the following: Flight crew members [pilots, flight engineers andflight navigators] Maintenance technicians Flight dispatchers Air traffic controllers Aeronautical station operators. KDCadap  33 Related training manuals guide States for the scope and depth of training curricula to ensurethat the confidence in safe air navigation is maintained as intended by the Convention andAnnex 1. These training manuals also guide the training of other aviation personnel such as aerodrome emergency crews, flight operations officers, radiooperators and individuals involved in other related disciplines. Annex 2 – Rules of the Air It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to general air rules, visual flight rules and instrument flight rules, the pilot-in- command of an aircraft is responsible for compliance with the rules of the air. They apply without exception over the high seas and national territories to the extent that they donot conflict with the states’ overflown regulations. Annex 3 – Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to providing necessary meteorological information to operators, flight crew members, air traffic services units, search and rescue units, airport management and othersconcerned with aviation. Annex 4 – Aeronautical Charts It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to producing aeronautical charts ,which used by most segments of aviation as a reference to them for planning, air traffic control and navigation purposes. Annex 5 – Units of Measurement to be used in Air andGround Operations It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to standard units of measurements to cover all aspects of air and ground operations. Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) which provide one international set of operational rules and regulations for the wide variety of aircraft. In Addition, operating minima based on the environmental factors found at each aerodrome. Annex 7 – Aircraft Nationality and Registration Marks It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) for registration of the aircraft and the useof letters, numbers and other graphic symbols to be used in the nationality and registration marks of aircrafts. Annex 8 – Airworthiness of Aircraft It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to aircraft design, construction and operation, which must be in compliance with the appropriate airworthiness requirements of the state of registry of the aircraft. Full compliance, the aircraft will be issued with acertificate of airworthiness declaring that the aircraft is fit to fly. KDCadap  34 Annex 9 – Facilitation It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to providing a frame of reference for planners and managers of international airport operations to simplify the procedures required to clear aircraft, passengers and cargo. Annex 10 – Aeronautical Telecommunications It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to most complex and essential elements of international civil aviation [Aeronautical Communications, Navigation and Surveillance]. Annex 11 – Air Traffic Services It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to how to prevent collisions between aircrafts, whether taxiing on the maneuvering area, taking off, landing, en-route orin the holding pattern at the destination aerodrome. Annex 12 – Search and Rescue It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) related to locating and rescuing survivorsof aircraft accidents. Applicable to the establishment, maintenance andoperation of search and rescue services in the territories of Contracting States and over the high seas, and to the coordination of such services between States. Annex 13 – Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation It contains standards and recommended practices (SARPS)related to investigation of an aircraft accident or serious incident. Outlines how accident investigation participatingStates are determined, as well as the process leading to the issuance of an accident investigation Preliminary Report (within 30 days of the event) and Final Report (asap or within 12 months of the event) following completion of theinvestigation. Annex 14 – Aerodromes Volume 1 contains specifications dealing with obstacles outside those limitation surfaces. It isnot intended that these specifications limit or regulate the operation of an aircraft. Volume II, contains Standards and RecommendedPractices (specifications) that prescribe the physical characteristics and obstacle limitation surfaces to be provided for at heliports, and certain facilities, and technical services normally provided at a heliport. It is not intended that these specifications limit or regulate the operation of an aircraft. Annex 15 – Aeronautical Information Services It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) on how an aeronautical information service shall receive and/or originate, collate or assemble, edit, format, publish/store and distribute specified aeronautical information/data. Annex 16 – Environmental Protection KDCadap  35 It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) on protection of the environment from the effect of aircraft noise, aircraft engine emissions, etc. Annex 17 – Security: Safeguarding International CivilAviation Against Acts of Unlawful Interference Safeguarding International Civil Aviation AgainstActs of Unlawful Interference. It contains standards and recommended practices(SARPS) and technical measures for the protection of the security of international air transport. Annex 18 – The Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods byAir In general it sets down broad principles but one ofthe Standards requires that dangerous goods are carried in accordance with the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (the “Technical Instructions”). States are required by Annex 18 to have inspection and enforcement procedures to ensurethat dangerous goods are being carried in compliance with the requirements. Annex 19 – Safety Management Consolidates safety management provisions previously contained in six other ICAO Annexes and will now serve as a resource for overarchingsafety management responsibilities. Proactive safety management strategies must bebuilt on a sound foundation of State safety oversight systems. KDCadap  36 PCAR Summary PCAR Titles Part 1 General Policies, Procedures, and Definitions Part 2 Personnel Licensing ICAO Annex 1 Part 3 Approved Training Organizations Part 4 Aircraft Registration and Marking ICAO Annex 7 Part 5 Airworthiness ICAO Annex 8 Part 6 Approved Maintenance Organization Part 7 Instrument and Equipment Part 8 Operations Part 9 Air Operator Certification and Administration Part 10 Commercial Air Transport by Foreign Air Carriers Within Republic of the Philippines Part 11 Aerial Work and Operating Limitations for Non-type Certificated Aircraft Part 13 Accident & Incident Reporting and Investigation ICAO Annex 13 Part 18 Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air ICAO Annex 18 PART 1 – GENERAL POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND DEFINITIONS Notes: Shall – mandatory requirement May - discretion can be used when performing an act Will - indicates an action incumbent upon the Authority Approved means the Authority has reviewed the method, procedure, or policy in question and issued a formal written approval Acceptable means the Authority has reviewed the method, procedure, or policy and has neither objected to nor approved its proposed use or implementation Prescribed means the Authority has issued written policy or methodology which imposes either a mandatory requirement Notable terms o Aerial work. An aircraft operation in which an aircraft is used for specialized services such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue, aerial advertisement, etc o Aircraft. Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth's surface. o Airmanship. The consistent use of good judgment and well-developed knowledge, skills and attitudes to accomplish flight objectives. o Airport. A defined area on land or water including any buildings, installations and equipment intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. o Apron. A defined area, on a land airport, intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers, mail or cargo, fuelling, parking or maintenance o Clearway. A defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the KDCadap  37 appropriate authority, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height. o Competency. A combination of skills, knowledge and attitudes required to perform a task to the prescribed standard. o Psychoactive substances. Alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics, cocaine, other psychostimulants, hallucinogens, and volatile solvents, whereas coffee and tobacco are excluded. o Stopway. A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take-off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-off. Quick Notes / Abbreviation A/C – Aircraft DG – CAAP Director General IS – Implementing Standards L/R/A/C – License, Rating, Authorization, Certificate RP – Republic of the Philippines SARPs – Standards and Recommended Practices SSP – State Safety Program 1.1 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION 1.1.1.1 Rules of Construction Vertical bar – sentence/paragraph of PCAR has been amended. 1.1.1.2 Applicability PCAR is applicable to: RP registered aircraft Aircraft from other Contracting State operated by a person licensed by RP; maintenance standards must be in line with standards of State of Registry Aircraft of other Contracting States operating in RP 1.1.1.3 Organization of Regulations Part – Primary subject area Subpart – subdivision of a Part Section – subdivision of a Subpart Subsection – title of a regulation Paragraph – description of regulation 1.1.2.1 Regulations Amendment Procedure Regulations Review Committee (RR-Committee) Made up of representatives from o Flight Standards Inspectorate Service (FSIS) o Enforcement and Legal Service (ELS) o Office of ICAO and External Relations (IER) o Concerned CAAP Services/Directorate Amendment Cycle KDCadap  38 Every January and July o Since January 2009 If need of immediate amendment: o Temporary Amendment Colored pages Promulgated by a Memorandum Circular Example: o ICAO publishes amendment to Annex 8 o FSIS will review which PCAR Part is applicable o FSIS & other Services/Directorate will advise RR-Committee o RRC will decide if “to accept” or to file a difference to ICAO o RRC will advise CAAP DG o If Accept, IER will notify ICAO Technical Library shall maintain PCAR currency. Letter of Transmittal o Letter to all PCAR copy-holders. o Describes the purpose and location of the amendment. 1.2 GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE RULES GOVERNING TESTING, LICENSES, AND CERTIFICATES 1.2.1.1 Display and Inspection of Licenses and Certificates If person: Always in possession, ready for inspection If organization (ATO, AMO, A/C): Display in a place normally accessible to public. 1.2.1.3 Change of Address 30 days Notify CAAP within 30 days of change in permanent mailing address. 1.2.1.4 Replacement of a Lost or Destroyed Airman License May request a replacement for o Airman license o Medical certificate o Knowledge test report May carry the facsimile in lieu of the lost or destroyed document for up to 60 days o Facsimile = exact copy 1.2.1.5 Falsification, Reproduction, or Alteration Any person who commits any act prohibited of this section may have his or her airman license, rating, certificate, qualification, or authorization revoked or suspended. 1.2.1.6 Administrative Action If an alleged violation occurred, actions can be: Warning Notice o Recite available facts o Indicate na baka nagka violation Letter of Correction o Corrective action is necessary If hindi ginawa ang Letter of Correction, Certificate Action ↓ KDCadap  39 1.2.1.7 Certificate Action Either: Suspension or Revocation Can be Re-examined or reinspected for lack of qualification Person has opportunity to be heard unless safety requires immediate action 1.2.1.11 Reapplication after Revocation May reapply for any license for 1 year after date of revocation. 1.2.1.12 Reapplication after Suspension May not reapply for any license during the suspension period. 1.2.1.15 Psychoactive Substance Testing and Reporting Psychoactive Substances accdg to ICAO Doc 9654: Alcohol Opioids Cannabinoids Sedatives and hypnotics Cocaine and other stimulants (except caffeine) Hallucinogens Volatile solvents If refuses to submit test to alcohol / narcotic drugs / marijuana / depressant / stimulant OR convicted of any local and national statute regarding drugs: Denied license for a period up to 1 year. L/R/A/C suspended or revoked. 1.3 EXEMPTIONS 1.3.2 General DG – only person that can issue exemptions 1.3.3. Requirements for Application 1.3.3.1 General 60 days – Submission of application for exemption before proposed effective date 1.6 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM shall clearly define lines of safety accountability throughout the approved training organization, including a direct accountability for safety on the part of senior management. Required by ICAO KDCadap  40 DEFINITIONS ACCIDENT: an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, in which: o a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft, or direct contact with any part of the aircraft, including parts which have become detached from the aircraft, or direct exposure to jet blast, except when the injuries are from natural causes, self-inflicted or inflicted by other persons, or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew o the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component, except for engine failure or damage, when the damage is limited to the engine, its cowlings or accessories; or for damage limited to propellers, wing tips, antennas, tires, brakes, fairings, small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft skin the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible AIRCRAFT ADDRESS: a unique combination of twenty-four bits available for assignment to an aircraft for the purpose of air-ground communications, navigation and surveillance AIRCRAFT OPERATING MANUAL: a manual, acceptable to the State of the Operator, containing normal, abnormal and emergency procedures, checklists, limitations, performance information, details of the aircraft systems and other material relevant to the operation of the aircraft AIRMAN: person in command, pilot, mechanic, or member of the crew, or who navigates an aircraft while the aircraft is underway; person-in-charge of the inspection, maintenance, overhauling, or repair of aircraft, aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, or appliances; individual who serves as flight operations officer APPROVED MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION: an organization approved by the Philippine authority t o perform maintenance of aircraft or parts thereof and operating under supervision approved by the Philippine Republic APPROVED TRAINING ORGANIZATION: An organization approved by the Authority to perform training (e.g.: flight crew training) and operating under the supervision of the CAAP DANGEROUS GOODS: articles or substances which are capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES: alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics, cocaine, other psychostimulants, hallucinogens, and volatile solvents, whereas coffee and tobacco are excluded NON-PRECISION APPROACH AND LANDING OPERATIONS: an instrument approach and landing which utilizes lateral guidance but does not utilize vertical guidance APPROACH AND LANDING OPERATIONS WITH VERTICAL GUIDANCE: an instrument approach and landing which utilizes lateral and vertical guidance but does not meet the requirements established for precision approach and landing operations PRECISION APPROACH AND LANDING OPERATIONS: an instrument approach and landing using precision lateral and vertical guidance with minima as determined by the category of operation CAT 1 OPERATION: a precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft) and with either a visibility not less than 800 m or a runway visual KDCadap  41 range not less than 550 m CAT II OPERATION: precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height lower than 60 m (200 ft), but not lower than 30 m (100 ft), and a runway visual range not less than 350 m CAT IIIA OPERATION: a precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height lower than 30 m (100 ft) or no decision height; and a runway visual range not less than 200 m CAT IIIB OPERATION: a precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft) or no decision height; and a runway visual range less than 200 m but not less than 50 m CAT IIIC OPERATION: a precision instrument approach and landing with no decision height and no runway visual range limitations. AIRPLANE: a power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight AIRSHIP: a power-driven lighter-than-air aircraft BALLOON: non-power-driven lighter-than-air aircraft GLIDER: a non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving, its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions of flight GYROPLANE: a heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight by the reactions of the air on one or more rotors which rotate freely on substantially vertical axes HELICOPTER: a heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axes LIGHTER-THAN-AIR AIRCRAFT: any aircraft suppo