AI Generated Questions for Chapter 33 Neonates PDF

**Q: What is the goal of oxygen delivery?**\ **A:** To have good oxygenation to tissue **Q: What is important when administering oxygen to patients?**\ **A:** 1. Patient size fit 2. Gestational and postnatal age 3. Condition **Q: What is a therapeutic goal for delivering oxygen?**\ **A:** Pi...

**Q: What is the goal of oxygen delivery?**\ **A:** To have good oxygenation to tissue **Q: What is important when administering oxygen to patients?**\ **A:** 1. Patient size fit 2. Gestational and postnatal age 3. Condition **Q: What is a therapeutic goal for delivering oxygen?**\ **A:** Picking Flow rate and oxygen device of what patient needs to fix the problem **Q: What are the indications for oxygen delivery?**\ **A:** 1. Hypoxemia 2. No alveolar ventilation 3. Poor inspired oxygen 4. Bad V/Q 5. Intrapulmonary or Shunting 6. Bad Diffusion 7. Short red blood cell travel time **Q: What are the Indications of Hypoxemia in children?**\ **A:** 1. PaO2 \< 80mmHg 2. SpO2 \< 95% 3. Although treating SpO2 \< 90 or PaO2 \< 60mmHg **Q: What are the Indications of hypoxemia in Neonates?**\ **A:** 1. PaO2 \< 50 2. SpO2 \< 80 **Q: What are the Indications of hypoxemia signs and symptoms?**\ **A:** 1. First, the tachycardia and tachypnea will start 2. After tachycardia and tachypnea things will worsen like: 1. Reduced ventilation 2. Apnea, especially for neonates 3. Bradycardia 4. Grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, paradoxical breathing (each breath stomach and chest moving in and out) 5. Cyanosis 6. Irritability 7. Increase fatigue **Q: What are the complications (harmful outcomes) of oxygen administration in two categories?**\ **A:** 1. Harmful effect physiologically 2. Equipment causation **Q: What are the complications of oxygen administration?**\ **A:** 1. Hypoventilation 2. ROP 3. Atelectasis 4. Pulmonary Vasodilation (increase in lungs working or too much opening that leads to tachycardia) 5. Pulmonary fibrosis (lung disease, lung thickens) **Q: Doing oxygen therapy entails what?**\ **A:** 1. To provide oxygen from SpO2 88% to 95% 2. To provide PaO2 from 50 to 80 in premature neonates **Q: What are the Variable oxygen delivery Devices?**\ **A:** 1. Nasal Cannula 2. Simple Mask 3. Reservoir Masks **Q: What is nasal cannula contraindication?**\ **A:** Nasal obstruction **Q: What is nasal cannula Flow range?**\ **A:** 0.1 to 0.3L/min **Q: What is infant flow?**\ **A:** 2L/min **Q: What is nasal cannula Hazard and complications?**\ **A:** 1. Infants provided Positive Expiratory airway pressure (PEP) with large prongs and \> 2L/min flow 2. PEP induced with intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates 3. PEP induced with intraventricular hemorrhage with obstructive pulmonary disease 4. Pneumothorax, Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (air trapped in tissue), and pneumopericardium 5. Large prongs cause obstruction 6. Above 2L/min cause mucosa to dry causing obstruction in low-birth infants 7. Irritation of ears and face from cannula placement/size 8. Unstable oxygen delivery between oral and nasal breathing 9. Not knowing correct FiO2 delivery **Q: What is Simple mask flow rate?**\ **A:** 6 to 10L/min **Q: What is simple mask FiO2 range?**\ **A:** 0.35 to 0.5 **Q: What are indications of simple mask?**\ **A:** 1. When infants and children need moderate oxygen in a short time span 2. Medical transport 3. Emergency stabilization 4. Post-anesthesia recovery 5. During medical procedures **Q: What is the contraindication for a simple mask?**\ **A:** Infants and children with small Vt **Q: What are the hazards and complications of a simple mask?**\ **A:** 1. Infants and children won't keep the mask on strapped to their face 2. Risk of aspiration 3. Vomiting 4. Uncomfortable and causes skin irritation 5. Gets in the way of eating, bottle feeding, and speech **Q: What is partial rebreather flow rate?**\ **A:** 6 to 15L/min **Q: What is FiO2 for partial rebreather?**\ **A:** 0.6 **Q: What masks aren't recommended for neonates?**\ **A:** Partial rebreather and Non-rebreather **Q: How much oxygen does partial rebreather deliver and conserve?**\ **A:** 100% **Q: The partial rebreather mask should be fitted to minimize room air intake. True or False?**\ **A:** True **Q: A tight seal of the partial rebreather along with adjusted flow O2 will keep what inflated?**\ **A:** Reservoir bag partially inflated **Q: Non-rebreather mask has one valve for what purpose?**\ **A:** To stop the patient from breathing exhaled gas **Q: The non-rebreather mask design has higher FiO2 than other reservoir masks. True or False?**\ **A:** True **Q: What is the non-rebreather mask often used for?**\ **A:** Delivering gas mixture like helium oxygen therapy **Q: What are the Fixed delivery Devices?**\ **A:** 1. Air entrainment mask 2. Air entrainment nebulizer 3. Humidified High-flow nasal cannula **Q: What are indications for an Air Entrainment mask?**\ **A:** 1. Patients that need low or moderate controlled FiO2 levels 2. Hypoxic Child 3. Child with high RR and Vt **Q: What is the indication for air entrainment mask for pediatrics?**\ **A:** Hypoventilation with increased oxygen concentrations **Q: What are hazards and complications of the air entrainment mask?**\ **A:** 1. Increased Oxygenation and reduced flow 2. Room air inhalation 3. Obstruction of entrainment ports **Q: What is the air entrainment mask FiO2 range?**\ **A:** 24 to 50% **Q: What is the indication of air entrainment nebulizer?**\ **A:** High amount of Humidity or aerosol needed **Q: Does the air entrainment nebulizer provide 100% O2 clinically indicated? True or False?**\ **A:** True **Q: What are air entrainment nebulizer hazards and complications?**\ **A:** 1. Bacterial contamination 2. Condensation in aerosol tube that can\'t be drained back into the nebulizer because of infection 3. Condensation can block gas flow in tubing 4. Agitation and anxiety 5. Infants and children find the mask too hard to keep in place