Agro-21-Lab_Ex.-No.1.-Field-Performance-of-Corn-Intercropped_JOQuilario_1stSemester2024-2025.pdf

Exercise No. 1 Field Performance of Corn Intercropped with Different Legumes Joannah O. Quilario, MSc. Laboratory Instructor Introduction Main crop ▪ Intercropping Intercrop...

Exercise No. 1 Field Performance of Corn Intercropped with Different Legumes Joannah O. Quilario, MSc. Laboratory Instructor Introduction Main crop ▪ Intercropping Intercrop Growing two or more crops simultaneously in alternate rows or sets of rows in the same piece of land Lithourgidis et al (2011) Learning Outcomes 1. demonstrate how intercropping is done 2. compare which grain legume combination will optimize yield per unit area per unit time 3. evaluate the effects of the different grain legumes on the growth and yield of corn Materials Corn seeds Leguminous seeds intercrop main crop Materials Complete fertilizer Urea 14–14–14 45–0–0 Sticks for the layout of treatment plots Materials Bolo Long tape Sprinkler Procedure Main crop Inter crop 2m 5m  Thinning (one Planting Distance week after Treatments (Plot size = 2 m x 5 m) emergence) T1 = corn alone 1 m between rows & 0.25 m between hills at 2 1 plant/hill seeds/hill (8 hills) T2 = mungbean 0.5 m apart between rows at 30 kg/ha seeding rate 15 plants/linear alone meter T3 = corn Corn - 1 m between rows & 0.25 m between hills at 2 Corn - 1 intercropped with seeds/hill plant/hill peanut (8 hills) Peanut - Planted in furrows between the rows of the main Peanut- 2 crop at 0.20 cm between hills at 2 plants/hill plants per hill (10 hills) T4 = corn Corn - 1 m between rows & 0.25 m between hills at Corn – 1 plant/hill intercropped with 2 seeds/hill Mungbean – 15 mungbean Mungbean - Drilled in furrows between the rows of the plants/hill main crop at 0.20 cm between hills at 2 plants/hill T5 = peanut alone 0.5 m apart between rows & 0.20 cm between hills Peanut- 2 plants per at 2 seeds/hill hill (10 hills) Procedure Treatments T1 = corn alone T2 = mungbean alone T3 = corn intercropped with peanut T4 = corn intercropped with mungbean T5 = peanut alone Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 1. Days from seeding to tasseling ▪ when 50% of the plants shall have produced tassel Seeding to Tasseling https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 2. Days from seeding to silking ▪ when 50% of the plants shall have produced silk Seeding to Silking https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 3. Days from silking to boiling stage ▪ when 80% of the plants shall have reached boiling stage when kernels are at dough stage to Silking Boiling stage Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 4. Days from seeding to harvest ▪ number of days from seeding to harvesting Seeding to Harvesting Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 5. Weekly plant height (cm) ▪ from the base to the top of the tallest Plant height (cm) portion of the plant (10 randomly selected sample plants inside the harvestable area) Soil level https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 6. Number of ears per plant ▪ counting the number of ears per plant (10 randomly selected sample plants inside the harvestable area) Two ears ▪ Average will be taken Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 7. Ear weight per plant (g) ▪ Weighing ear weight at harvest (10 randomly selected sample ears inside the harvestable area) Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 8. Ear length (cm) ▪ Measuring the ear length of Ear 10 sample ears from the butt length of the ear up to the tip of the (cm) cob https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 9. Non-marketable yield (t/ha) ▪ Weighing non-marketable ears kg t/ha 10. Marketable yield (t/ha) ▪ Weighing marketable ears ❖ weight per plot will converted in tons per hectare using the formula: Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 11. Total ear yield per hectare (t/ha) ▪ adding weights of marketable & non-marketable ears obtain in each treatment plot ❖ weight per plot will converted in tons per hectare using the formula: https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 12. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) will be computed using this formula: 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒: 𝐶𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝐶𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝑀𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛 https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Main Crop (Corn – T1, T3, T4) 1. Days from seeding to tasseling ▪ when 50% of the plants shall have produced tassel Seeding to Tasseling https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 1. Days from seeding to flowering ▪ when 50% of the plants per plot shall have produced flowers Seeding to Flowering Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 2. Days from seeding to maturity ▪ when 85% of the plants shall have reached maturity and are ready for harvest Seeding to Harvesting Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 3. Weekly plant height (cm) ▪ will be measured from the base to the tip of the tallest leaf (10 randomly selected sample plants inside the harvestable area) Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 4. Number of pods/plant ▪ will be taken by counting the pods harvested per plant (10 randomly selected sample plants inside the harvestable area) Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 5. Number of seeds/pod ▪ will be counted from 10 sample pods https://iowaagliteracy.wordpress.com/ Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 6. Weight of 1,000 seeds ▪ will be recorded by weighing 1000 clean, dried seeds Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 7. Grain yield (t/ha) ▪ weighing the grains (peanut & mungbean) harvested from the harvestable area of each plot ▪ grains will be cleaned, dried at approximately to 14% MC and cleaned before weighing ❖ weight per plot will converted in tons per hectare using the formula: Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 8. Land equivalent ratio (LER) 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒: 𝐶𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝐶𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑀𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝑀𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑔𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑠 = 𝑦𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑛 Data to be Gathered Intercrop (Mungbean & Peanut – T2, T3, T4 & T5) 8. Land equivalent ratio (LER) A LER of more than 1.0 means that the practice of intercropping is more productive than the sole cropping, and LER less than 1.0 indicates that monocropping is more advantageous than the intercropping scheme. LER of 1.0 means that the practice of intercropping and sole cropping will be the same in productivity. END OF EXRCISE NO. 3 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING !