Earth's Shape and Location (PDF)

times, it was believed by many that the In the ancient far,we willfall off. Butwith too Earth is lat and ifwe go that the Earth is round was proven che passage of timeit...

times, it was believed by many that the In the ancient far,we willfall off. Butwith too Earth is lat and ifwe go that the Earth is round was proven che passage of timeit and shape. Many scientists and astrologers developed in respect. proved cheir theories in this advancement of modern science, it is But with che completely round. Ir the Earth is not proven now that orange. like that of an is spherical in shape. Its shape is top and bottom. Our Earth the It is slightly depressed from Earth technology is so developed now that we can easily locate anything on the Globe Aglobe is a miniature model of the Earth. It represents the whole ndby showing all che continents, oceans, seas and all the possible derails of the Earth. Theglobe 1s always tilted on one side resembling Hhe acual position of the Earth.On top is the North Pole and on the bortom is the South Pole. The rod running through these poles from rop to bottom repres ents the Earth's axis on which it spins. Globe There are a number of vertical and horizontal lines that are marked on the globe. These imaginary lines help us to find the exact location of any place on the globe. The vertical lines that run from the north to south arecalled Longitudes. The horizontal lines that run from east to west are called Latitudes. Longitudes The lines at equal distance from each other that run from the LONGITUDE North Pole to South Pole are known as or Meridians. All these lines are of Lines of Longitude the same length. But these lines are not parallel to each other. They are farthest from each meet at the Poles and of longitude. These are other at the Equator. There are 360 lines that are used to also referred to as Standard Meridians determine time all over the world. The Lines of Longitude information  ThePrimeMeridian standard line of longitude This is tthe the Royal be crossing umed to Greenwich.1Thisline divides in Observatory world into rwo equal parts. The region Ahe called the Eastern 180" casttothis line is Hemisphereand the region 180 west to calledtthe Western Hemisphere. iscalled thisineis Theserwolines are, however, same and is alledthelnternational Date Line, The Prime Meridian Fact-frame In the year l884, the International through the Royal |Observatory at Conference decided that 0 Greenwich will be accepted longithetuPrime as de wich pases Meridian Think up Look at aglobe carefully and note which lines of latitude pass through India. Latitudes The line that divides the Earth into two middle is known as the Equator. The equal halves from the called the Northern Hemisphere and upper part of this line is the lower part is called che Southern line towards theHemisphere. The lines that move parallel to this North Pole and the South Pole are called of Latitude. As these lines Lines move towards the Poles, they keep LATI UDR gerting shorter and shorter. Finally, there are 90 the top and 90 lines towards the lines towards bottom of there are 181 lines of latitude on the the InEquator. Torally The Lines of Latitude Earth. the Northern Hemisphere,these lines arelabelled10 N, 20° Nand so on. In the Southern these lines are labelled 10° S, 20° S and so Hemisphere, on. The Equator is marked at 0° latitude. It is the longest line on the Earth. Therefore,it is also called the Great Circle.North Pole is represented as 90° Nand similarly the South Pole is represented as 90° S. Horizon -5 19 Geographic Grid y-axs The lines of longitude and latitude intersect each other 3 and provide us the exact location of the places on the globe, similar to that of che Earth. It forms a network of lines called 1 agrid. The point on the grid where the lines of longitude -2 and latitude intersect each other is called a coordinate. This 3 coordinate helps us to locate a particular place or point on the Earth. Grids and Coordinates