Art Appreciation - Introduction, Mediums, and Techniques PDF

Chapter 1: Introduction to Art Appreciation 2. Auditory Arts - can be heard, and Art Appreciation - requires a certain level of expressed in time; music and literature. intelligence; ability to interpret or understand...

Chapter 1: Introduction to Art Appreciation 2. Auditory Arts - can be heard, and Art Appreciation - requires a certain level of expressed in time; music and literature. intelligence; ability to interpret or understand Combined Arts or Performing man-made artworks. Arts - can be seen and heard; dance, opera, drama, and films. Art is subjective and should disturb people. Technique - controls the medium; to fulfill the technical requirements; the way to manipulate Chapter 2: Mediums and Techniques the artwork. Subject Matter - an object, a person, scene, or Kinds of Techniques: an event that the artwork shows. 1. Watercolor - producing warm and rich tones; gouache (opaque watercolor). Non-Representational - without subject matter; 2. Fresco - moist plaster surface; fixed does not show subject matter. and almost impossible to remove. 3. Tempera - mineral pigments mixed with Non-Objective Art - creates creative egg yolks or white. arrangements of sounds, tones, pitches, a 4. Pastel - paste made of pigment ground musical composition; views holistically. with chalk and compounded with gum water. Form - it is the quality or shape; the visual 5. Oil - most expensive art technique; aspects of the artwork. heaviest of painting mediums; dries slowly but lasts long. Medium - translates the artist’s feelings and 6. Acrylic - used by contemporary painters thoughts due to quick drying and transparency. 7. Mosaic - small pieces colored stones or Architect - uses wood, bamboo, bricks, glass called tesserae to create an image stones, concrete, and various building 8. Stained Glass - mostly in Gothic materials. cathedrals; small pieces colored glass; Painter - uses pigments on wood or need sunlight to see the image. canvas to recreate the reality of nature. 9. Tapestry - fabric hand-weaving; woven Sculptor - uses steel, marble, bronze, designs. metal, and wood. 10. Drawing - done on paper using pencil, Musician - instruments to produce and pen or ink, or charcoal. communicate a message and a literary 11. Pencil, Ink, and Charcoal: writer. Pencil - graded in different degrees of hardness or 2 Kinds of Medium: softness. 1. Visual Arts - can be seen and occupy Ink - oldest activity. space. Charcoal - carbon material; 2 Kinds of Visual Arts: soft charcoal products produce 1. Dimensional or 2-Dimensional darker shade, while hard - like paintings, drawings, charcoal produces light shade. printmaking, and photography. 12. Bistre - wood-like pigment on wash 2. 3-Dimensional - like sculpture, drawings. architecture, landscapes, 13. Crayons - bound by wax and community planning, and crafts compressed into painted sticks. like furniture.  14. Silverpoint - oldest technique; popular Earthware - terracotta or baked renaissance period; thin grayish. earth; cheap compared to stone or bronze. Mediums of Visual Arts: Printmaking 10. Glass - hard, brittle, non-crystalline,, more or less transparent; molded in 1. Lithography - newest medium; various colors and shapes. planographic process; fixed with acid 11. Wood - easy to carve; subjected to a solution; treated chemically or variety of treatments. mechanically. 12. Architecture - designing a building and supervising its construction. Medium of Visual Arts: Sculpture Chapter 3: Elements and Principles of Art 1. Stone - standstones, granite, marble; hard and brittle substance formed. Elements of Art: Granite - good for large works with only a few designs. 1. Color Marble - more or less crystalline. 3 important things of color: Brecciated Marble - angular Primary Hues - Red, Blue, and fragments. Yellow. Serpentine Marble - variegated Value - Lightness and patterns. Darkness. 2. Jade - used in Ancient China; Intensity - Brightness and ornamental stone for carving and Dullness. fashion jewelry. Different Types of Color Scheme: 3. Ivory - came from the tusk of the Monochoromatic - all types of elephant; hard white substance. colors are visible; different 4. Metals - class of elementary values of single hue. substances. Analogous - side by side of 5. Bronze - oldest alloys of metal; shiny color wheel and share a hue; finish. tri-color. 6. Brass and Copper: Warm or Cool - make us think Brass - alloys of copper and of cool items. zinc; limitations as a medium; does not rust. 2. Lines - path of a moving point through Copper - has a brilliance; used space. as a costing medium. 7. Gold, Silver, and Lead: Kinds of Lines: Gold and Silver - for small Horizontal Line - parallel lines. objects like medals, coins, and Vertical Line - run up and pieces of jewelry. down. Lead - used for costing and Diagonal - action and forging; flexible and permanent movement. material. Zigzag - combined diagonal 8. Plaster - composed of lime, sand, and line, confusion or action. water; for indoor sculptures. Curved Line - graceful and 9. Clay - natural earthy material; fragile flowing away. technique.  3. Shape and Form - limited to 2-dimensions: length and width. 5. Proportion - relationship of one part to another and the whole. 2 classes of Shapes: Geometric - made with a ruler 6. Movement - to create the look and or drawing tool like square, feeling of action and to guide the circle, triangle, rectangle, and viewer's eye. oval. Organic - free-form, not regular 7. Rhythm - repeating the elements. or even, curved or angular; combination of both make 8. Unity - piece of artwork together as a free-form shapes. whole; feeling of completeness; 4. Space and Texture: Space - distance between, around, above, below, and within things; negative spaces are empty spaces between the shapes. Texture - the way the art feels, or looks as though they might feel it touched. Principles of Art: 1. Balance - arranging elements so no part of the work overpowers. 3 Kinds of Balance: 1. Formal Balance or Symmetrical - balance the 2 halves. 2. Informal or Asymmetrical - balance the 2 unlike elements seem to carry equal weight. 3. Radial Balance - symmetry in different directions. 2. Variety - combining one or more elements to create interest; heighten the visual appeal of the artwork. 3. Harmony - to avoid chaos in the artwork; blending the elements to create a more calm and restful appearance. 4. Emphasis - to attract a viewer’s attention to important parts of the artwork.