Cytology (علم الخلية) PDF

‫مقرر‬ ‫)‪(Cytology‬‬ ‫(علم الخلية)‬ ‫لطالب الفرقة االولى بكلية العلوم شعبة العلوم‬ ‫البيولوجية‬ ‫ساعات معتمدة‬ ‫إعداد د‪ /‬جيهان حسن معتوق‬  Cytology It is one of the branches of biological sciences that specializes in stu...

‫مقرر‬ ‫)‪(Cytology‬‬ ‫(علم الخلية)‬ ‫لطالب الفرقة االولى بكلية العلوم شعبة العلوم‬ ‫البيولوجية‬ ‫ساعات معتمدة‬ ‫إعداد د‪ /‬جيهان حسن معتوق‬  Cytology It is one of the branches of biological sciences that specializes in studying the structure, chemistry, and functions of cells. The cell: Is the functional and structural unit of the body. A group of cells with similar structure and function will form tissue. These tissues are grouped to form organs. A group of organs collect to form the body system. Types of organisms: 1- Some organisms are unicellular This means they are made of only one cell. Examples: bacteria 2- Some organisms are multicellular This means they are made of many cells. Examples: humans There are 5 Levels of Organization in Multicellular Organisms: 1. Cells 2. Tissues 3. Organs 4. Organ Systems 5. Organisms  The cell is the basic unit of life. Tissues are made of the same type of cells grouped together to do a specific job. Ex: Humans have four kinds of tissue in their Bodies: (Epithelia, Muscle, Connective and Nerve). Organs are made up of different tissues that work together to do a job. Ex: a heart is an organ. An organ system is a group of organs working together. Ex: Human have many organ systems include circulatory, reproductive, digestive, nervous, respiratory. All cells, tissues, organs and organ systems working together makes an organism. Types of cells: