Operating Systems Lec "1" PDF - Hadhramout University

MIS Department Operating Systems Lec “1” Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (1) Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Operating Systems MIS Department Lec “ 1 ”...

MIS Department Operating Systems Lec “1” Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (1) Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Operating Systems MIS Department Lec “ 1 ” "MIS LEC "1 ‫ ﻛﺎوﻻ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫أﻋﺪت‬ Page (1)  Main Points  Operating System.  Basic Elements:  Processor.  Main Memory.  Input/output Modules.  System Bus.  Top-Level View. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 2  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (2)  Operating System.  Basic Elements:  Processor.  Main Memory.  Input/output Modules.  System Bus..‫ ﺣﺎﻓﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬.‫اﻹﺧﺮاج‬/‫ وﺣﺪات اﻹدﺧﺎل‬.‫ اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬.‫ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ :‫ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬.‫ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬  Top - Level View. Main Points Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 10 /6/2021 2 2 10/6/2021 2023 @‫ ﻛﻮﻻه واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ اﻟﻨﻘﺎط اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ أﻋﺪت‬.‫ ﻋﺮض اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﻌﻠﻮي‬ Page (2)  Operating System  An interface between applications and computer.  A program that controls the execution of application programs and system resources. Main objectives of an OS: Convenience. Efficiency. Ability to evolve. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 3  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (3) Operating System  An interface between applications and computer.  A program that controls the execution of application programs and system resources. Main objectives of an OS: Convenience. ‫ اﻷﻫﺪاف اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬.‫ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ وﻣﻮارد اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬‫ﻢ ﻓ‬‫ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺘﺤ‬.‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ واﺟﻬﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت واﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬.‫ راﺣﺔ‬:‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ Efficiency. Ability to evolve. 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 3 3 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬10/6/2021.‫ اﻟﺘﻄﻮر‬‫ اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠ‬.‫ ﻛﻔﺎءة‬ Page (3)  The OS as a User/Computer Interface  The OS provides abstractions of the computer hardware, making it more convenient for applications to use the computer’s capabilities.  It does this through a set of interfaces and services. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 4  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (4) The OS as a User/Computer Interface  The OS provides abstractions of the computer hardware, making it more convenient for applications to use the computer’s capabilities. ‫ ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺠﻌﻠﻬﺎ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺮﻳﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت‬، ‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺪات أﺟﻬﺰة اﻟ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬/‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻛﻮاﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬.‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻗﺪرات اﻟ‬  It does this through a set of interfaces and services. 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 4 4 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻻ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪت‬10/6/2021. ‫ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﺬا ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮاﺟﻬﺎت و ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ Page (4)  Operating System Services  Program development services.  Program execution.  Access I/O devices.  Controlled access to files.  System access.  Error detection and response.  Accounting. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 5  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (5) Operating System Services  Program development services.  Program execution.  Access I/O devices.  Controlled access to files.  System access. ‫ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟ‬.‫اﻹﺧﺮاج‬/‫ أﺟﻬﺰة اﻹدﺧﺎل‬‫ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟ‬.‫ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬.‫ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬.‫ وﺻﻮل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬.‫اﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎت‬  Error detection and response.  Accounting. 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 5 5 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪت‬10/6/2021.‫ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬.‫ﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺨﻄﺄ واﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ اﻟ‬ Page (5)  Basic Elements Input/output Processor Modules Main System Bus Memory 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 6  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (6) Basic Elements Processor Main Memory Input/output Modules ‫اﻹﺧﺮاج اﻟﻮﺣﺪات اﻟﻨﻤﻄﻴﺔ‬/‫ ذاﻛﺮة اﻹدﺧﺎل‬‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ رﺋﻴﺴ‬ System Bus 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 6 6 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻻ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪت‬10/6/2021 ‫ﺣﺎﻓﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ Page (6)  Processor  Controls the operation of the computer.  Performs the data processing functions.  Central Processing Unit (CPU). 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 7  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (7) Processor 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 7  Controls the operation of the computer.  Performs the data processing functions. ‫ ﻳﻨﻔﺬ وﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬.‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟ‬‫ﻢ ﻓ‬‫ ﻳﺘﺤ‬ 7 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪت‬10/6/2021 ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬.‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬  C entral P rocessing U nit ( CPU ). cpu Page (7)  Main Memory  Volatile.  Contents of the memory is lost when the computer is shut down.  Real Memory or Primary Memory. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 8  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (8) Main Memory  Volatile.  Contents of the memory is lost when the computer is shut down..‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ ﺗﻀﻴﻊ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎت اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة ﻋﻨﺪ ﻳﺘﻢ إﻳﻘﺎف ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟ‬.‫ ﻣﺘﻘﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬  R eal M emory or P rimary M emory. 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 8 8 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬p rimary m emory. 10/6/2021 ‫ أو‬r eal m emory  Page (8)  Input/output Modules  Moves data between the computer and external environments such as: 1. Storage (e.g. hard drive). 2. Communications. 3. Terminals. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 9  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (9) Input/output Modules 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 9  Moves data between the computer and external environments such as: 1. Storage (e.g. hard drive ). 2. Communications. ‫ﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬‫ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟ‬ 9 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬10/6/2021 ‫اﻹﺧﺮاج‬/‫وﺣﺪات اﻹدﺧﺎل‬.‫ اﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻت‬.2.(‫ اﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ )ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻘﺮص اﻟﺼﻠﺐ‬.1 :‫واﻟﺒﻴﺌﺎت اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬ 3. Terminals..‫ اﻟﻤﺤﻄﺎت‬.3 Page (9)  System Bus  Provides for communication among Processors, Main Memory, and Input/Output Modules. 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 10  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (10) System Bus  Provides for communication among Processors , Main Memory , and Input/Output Modules. 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 10 ‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬10/6/2021.‫اﻹﺧﺮاج‬/‫ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎت واﻟﺬاﻛﺮة اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ و وﺣﺪات اﻹدﺧﺎل‬‫ ﻳﻨﺺ ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻓﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‬ 10 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻻ واﺗﻖ‬‫واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬ Page (10)  Top-Level View 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 11  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (11) Top - Level View 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 11 11 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬10/6/2021 ‫ ‐ ﻋﺮض اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى‬‫أﻋﻠ‬ Page (11) 10/6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@2023 12  made by Echo https://t.me/mkfrbot Page (12) 10 /6/2021 Prepared by : Dr. Wathq Ahmed Ali Kawelah Wathq@ 2023 12 12 2023 @‫ ﻛﺎوﻟﻴﻪ واﺗﻖ‬‫ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر واﺗﻖ أﺣﻤﺪ ﻋﻠ‬:‫ أﻋﺪﻫﺎ‬10/6/2021 Page (12)