Computers Are Your Future Lecture Notes PDF

Computers Are Your Future Lecture 1: Computers and You Dr. Heba Kamal 1  Computers: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow Computers – Millions use computers daily – Used at: Home Work School – Embedded into: Cars...

Computers Are Your Future Lecture 1: Computers and You Dr. Heba Kamal 1  Computers: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow Computers – Millions use computers daily – Used at: Home Work School – Embedded into: Cars Phones Cameras 2  Computers: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow Before computers – There were No telephone answering machines No handheld calculators No fax machines No personal computers – People Wrote letters by hand or with a typewriter Kept track of data and numbers in record books Communicated in person or over the telephone 3 Computer Fundamentals 4 Computer Fundamentals 5  Computer Fundamentals Hardware – Physical parts of the computer – Includes such components as the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and printer Motherboard – Circuit board that connects the central processing unit(s) to the other system components 6  Computer Fundamentals System unit – Base unit of the computer—made up of the plastic or metal enclosure, the motherboard, and the integrated peripherals 7  Computer Fundamentals - Data Facts that are raw and unorganized Entered into the computer for processing through the use of input devices such as a keyboard or mouse - Information Organized, meaningful and more useful “15, 23, 14, and 85″ Data “15, 23, 14, and 85″ are the numbers of students that had registered for upcoming classes Information 8  Computer Fundamentals - Knowledge Information after putting into context, aggregating and analysing to make decisions, set policies, and even spark innovation. - Wisdom Combing knowledge and experience to produce a deeper understanding of a topic It often takes many years to develop wisdom on a particular topic, and requires patience. 9  Computer Fundamentals Computer—Electronic device that accepts data, performs operations on that data, and stores the data or results as needed Information Processing Cycle – Consists of four basic operations: Input Processing Output Storage Communications 10  Computer Fundamentals Input – First operation of the information-processing cycle, enables the computer to accept data – Data Facts that are raw and unorganized Entered into the computer for processing through the use of input devices such as a keyboard or mouse 11  Computer Fundamentals Processing – Second operation of the information-processing cycle, converts data into information – Information refers to organized, processed data. – The central processing unit (CPU) processes data into information. – Random access memory (RAM) temporarily stores programs and data needed by the CPU. 12  Computer Fundamentals Output – Third operation of the information-processing cycle, requires output devices, such as monitors and printers to display results for people to see or hear. 13  Computer Fundamentals Storage – Fourth operation of the information-processing cycle, holds programs, software, and data that the computer system uses – Storage devices Hard drives, CD and DVD drives, and media card readers—used with USB drives and flash memory cards 14 Computer Fundamentals 15  Computer Fundamentals Communications – High-speed movement of data or information Communication device – Hardware component that moves data in and out of a computer Network – Connects two or more computers to share input/output devices and other resources through the use of a network interface card 16