Computer Components & Internet Concepts PDF

**Key Concepts:** 1. What's the difference between a computer, laptop, and tablet? - PC (Personal Computer): Refers to a desktop or laptop computer. - Laptop: A portable version of a computer with a built-in screen and keyboard. - Tablet: A lightweight mobile computer...

**Key Concepts:** 1. What's the difference between a computer, laptop, and tablet? - PC (Personal Computer): Refers to a desktop or laptop computer. - Laptop: A portable version of a computer with a built-in screen and keyboard. - Tablet: A lightweight mobile computer with a touch screen, no physical keyboard. 2. Key components of a computer: - Hardware: The physical parts of the computer (e.g., monitor, keyboard, CPU). - Software: Programs or applications that tell the hardware what to do (e.g., web browsers, word processors). **Types of Computers** 1. Desktops: Stationary computers often with separate screens and towers that house the processing unit. 2. All-in-One Computers: Desktops where the screen and processing unit are combined in one unit. Some support touch screens. 3. Laptops: Portable computers with an integrated screen and keyboard. 4. Tablets: Thin, portable devices with a touchscreen, often without a physical keyboard. **Servers** - Server: A powerful computer that provides services (e.g., delivering web pages, storing files) to other computers over a network. - Network: A collection of connected computers and devices. - Examples: Web servers deliver the web pages you view when browsing the internet. **E-book Readers** - E-Book Reader (e-reader): A device specifically designed to read digital books (e-books). - E-book: A digital version of a printed book. **Data vs. Information** - Data: Raw facts that haven\'t been processed (e.g., numbers, text, images). - Information: Data that has been organized or processed to have meaning (e.g., a report or a summary of data). **Inside a Computer** 1. Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects all parts of the computer. 2. CPU (Central Processing Unit): The \"brain\" of the computer that processes information. 3. RAM (Random Access Memory): Short-term memory used by the computer while performing tasks. 4. Hard Drive: Long-term storage for data, even when the computer is turned off. 5. Power Supply: Provides power from the wall to the computer's components. **Input and Output Devices** - **Input Devices: Allow you to send data into the computer.** - Keyboard: Used to type data into the computer. - Mouse: A pointing device to control a cursor on the screen. - Touchpad: A flat input device used for navigation on laptops. - Microphone & Webcam: Used for voice and video input. - Scanner: Converts physical documents or images into digital format. - **Output Devices: Convey data from the computer to the user.** - Printer: Prints text and graphics onto paper. - Display: Shows visual output from the computer (e.g., monitor). - Speakers: Output sound from the computer. **Storage Options** 1. Hard Disks (HDD): Traditional storage devices with spinning platters that read and write data. 2. Solid-State Drives (SSD): Faster and more durable storage, using flash memory. stores data on instantly accessible memory chips 3. USB Flash Drives: Portable storage devices that connect via USB ports. 4. Memory Cards: Used in cameras, phones, and other portable devices. 5. Optical Discs: CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs that use laser technology for reading/writing data. 6. Cloud Storage: Online storage that can be accessed via the internet (e.g., Google Drive, Dropbox). **What is the Cloud?** - Cloud Storage: Online storage that allows users to store and access files remotely. It's like having an extra hard drive that you can access from anywhere as long as you have an internet connection. **Web and Internet** - Web: A collection of web pages (documents with text, images, etc.) accessible through the internet. - Website: A collection of related web pages hosted on a web server. - Web Server: A computer that delivers web pages to your device when requested. - Browser: Software that lets you access and view web pages (e.g., Google Chrome, Firefox). - Internet: A global network of computers that connect people and devices worldwide. **Using the Internet** - Search Engines: Websites that help you find information on the internet (e.g., Google, Bing). - Social Networks: Websites where users share interests, photos, and messages (e.g., Facebook, Instagram, Twitter). - Email: Allows you to send messages and files over the internet. - Messaging: Real-time communication through text, like instant messaging or chat. - VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol): Allows voice communication over the internet (e.g., Skype). - FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Allows you to transfer files over the internet. **Internet Connections** - Dial-up: A slower connection that uses a phone line. - DSL & Cable: Faster internet connections using telephone or cable TV lines. - Fiber: The fastest internet connection using fiber-optic cables. - Cellular (4G, LTE, 5G): Wireless connections used by smartphones and mobile devices. **How to Access the Internet** - ISP (Internet Service Providers): Companies that provide internet access for a fee, such as AT&T or Comcast. - Wi-Fi: Wireless connection to the internet, often provided by an ISP or local router. **Types of Online Activities** 1. 2. **Search for information** 3. **Research** 4. **Communicate with others** 5. **Share content** 6. **Access news, weather, and sports** 7. **Shop online** 8. **Download or stream music, videos, and books** 9. **Play games online** 10. **Make reservations** **Social Media Platforms** - Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn: Popular social networks used to share photos, stories, and messages with others.