Upper Limb Anatomy Notes PDF

# Introduction of upper limb - **Bones of upper limb**: - 32 bones - **Clavicle**: "shoulder" - **Scapula**: - **Humerus**: "arm" - **Radius**: "lateral" - **Ulna**: "medial" " forearm" - **Carpal**: 8 - **Metacarpal**: 5 - **Phalange**: 14 - Bireach...

# Introduction of upper limb - **Bones of upper limb**: - 32 bones - **Clavicle**: "shoulder" - **Scapula**: - **Humerus**: "arm" - **Radius**: "lateral" - **Ulna**: "medial" " forearm" - **Carpal**: 8 - **Metacarpal**: 5 - **Phalange**: 14 - Bireach finger: except thumb has 2 phalanges - **Fingers counted from lateral to medial** # Joints of upper limb - **Acromio-clavicular joint** - **Sternoclavicular joint** - Sternum - Shoulder joint - **Superior "proximal" radioulnar joint** - Mid "middle" - Inferior "distal" - **Elbow** - **Wrist** - **Carpo-metacarpal** - Intercarpal (Mid carpal) - Metacarpophalangeal (MPJ) - Interphalangeal (IPJ) - **NB: Every joint moves** - Shoulder move the arm - Elbow move the forearm - Wrist move the hand # Muscles of upper limb - **Regions:** - Shoulder - Pectoral region - Back (region behind) the Pectoral region - **Pectoral region**: 4 1. **Pectoralis major** 2. **Pectoralis minor** 3. **Subclavius** 4. **Serratus anterior** - Origin: fixed - Insertion: movable (mobile) - **Back**: 5 - Superficial 1. **Trapezius** 2. **Latissimus dorsi** 3. **Levator scapula** 4. **Rhomboid major** 5. **Rhomboid minor** - **Shoulder**: 6 1. **Deltoid** 2. **Teres major** 3. **Teres minor** 4. **Supraspinatus** 5. **Infraspinatus** 6. **Sub scapularis** - **Arm**: 4 (called: Brachii) - Anterior (BBC) 1. **Biceps brachii** 2. **Brachialis** 3. **Coraco brachialis** - Posterior: - **Triceps brachii** - **Forearm**: 20 1. **Brachio radialis** 2. **Ancoreus** 3. **Supinator** 4. **Pronator teres** 5. **Flexor digitorum profundus** 6. **Extensor carpi radialis longus** 7. **Extensor carpi radialis brevis** - Digitorum: - Insertion divided into 4 tendons - FDP - **Hand**: 20 - Lumbricals: writing position # Arteries of UL - **Subclavian artery** - First rib - Arch of aorta - Heart - **Axillary artery** - **Brachial artery** - Radial artery - Ulnar artery - **Branches:** - TCA : Transverse cervical artery - SSA: Supra scapular artery - ITA: Internal thoracic artery ("mammary") # Venous drainage of ul - **Axillary vein** - **Subclavian vein** - **Veins** are opposite to **arteries** - **Median cubital vein** - **Cephalic vein** "lateral" - **Basilic vein** "medial" # Lymphatic drainage of UL - **Parasternal LN** - **Axillary LN** - **Diaphragmatic lymph nodes** - **Rectus LN** # Nerves of UL - Each muscle of upper limb needs nerve supply to move, so some nerves from the spinal cord joins to form: Brachial plexus - Brachial plexus: responsible for upper sensory and motor - C= Cervical - T= Thoracic - **Branches of Brachial Plexus:** - Median nerve - Musculo-cutaneous nerve - Axillary nerve - Radial nerve - Ulnar nerve