Upper Limb Anatomy and Muscles

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Questions and Answers

How many bones are present in the upper limb?

  • 28
  • 24
  • 30
  • 32 (correct)

Which of the following is not a muscle located in the pectoral region?

  • Serratus anterior
  • Pectoralis major
  • Trapezius (correct)
  • Subclavius

Which joint is responsible for moving the forearm?

  • Carpo-metacarpal
  • Wrist
  • Shoulder joint
  • Elbow (correct)

What is the primary function of the biceps brachii?

<p>Flexion of the forearm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many phalanges does the thumb have?

<p>2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is categorized under the superficial back muscles?

<p>Latissimus dorsi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is responsible for shoulder adduction?

<p>Teres major (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

<p>Synovial joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone is considered the 'lateral' bone of the forearm?

<p>Radius (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many carpal bones are there in the human wrist?

<p>8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Clavicle

The shoulder bone, providing attachment for muscles and ligaments, contributes to shoulder movement.

Scapula

The large, triangular flat bone in the back that helps with arm movements. It provides attachment for numerous muscles.

Humerus

The long bone in the arm between the shoulder and elbow, providing structure and enabling arm bending/straightening.

Radius

The bone on the thumb side of the forearm, responsible for forearm rotation and allowing movement of the wrist and hand.

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Ulna

The bone on the pinky side of the forearm, responsible for forearm rotation and allowing movement of the wrist and hand.

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Carpal

The eight small bones in the wrist, providing flexibility and enabling a wide range of hand movements.

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Metacarpal

The five long bones in the hand, extending from the wrist to the fingers, enabling finger movements.

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Phalange

The small bones within the fingers, allowing for both bending and straightening.

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Acromio-clavicular joint

A joint connecting the clavicle and scapula, allowing for significant movement and stability in the shoulder.

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Sternoclavicular joint

A joint connecting the clavicle to your sternum (breastbone). It is a stable joint allowing for elevation and depression of the shoulder.

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Study Notes

Upper Limb Anatomy

  • The upper limb comprises 32 bones
  • Key bones include: clavicle (shoulder), scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (arm), radius and ulna (forearm), carpals (wrist), metacarpals (hand), and phalanges (fingers).
  • There are 14 phalanges in the hand which include 2 in the thumb and 3 in each finger.
  • Fingers are counted from lateral to medial.

Joints of the Upper Limb

  • Acromioclavicular joint
  • Sternoclavicular joint
  • Shoulder joint
  • Superior (proximal) radioulnar joint
  • Inferior (distal) radioulnar joint
  • Elbow joint
  • Wrist joint
  • Carpometacarpal (mid-carpal) joint
  • Metacarpophalangeal (MCP)
  • Interphalangeal (IP) joint
  • All joints allow movement.

Muscles of the Upper Limb

  • Superficial and deep back regions behind the pectoral region
  • Pectoralis Major, Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius, and Serratus Anterior
  • Shoulder muscles: Deltoid, Teres Major, Teres Minor, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis
  • Arm muscles (brachii): Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, and Coracobrachialis
  • Posterior Arm muscles: Triceps brachii

Forearm Muscles

  • Brachioradialis, Anconeus, Pronator Teres, Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis. Also Lumbricals allow for positioning of the hand.

Arteries of the Upper Limb

  • Subclavian artery branches to form the axillary artery, leading to the brachial artery, which further divides into the radial & ulnar arteries.
  • Additional branches supply different areas
  • Includes anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries

Veins of the Upper Limb

  • Veins are responsible for blood drainage from the upper limb, with the subclavian vein as the main outflow vessel
  • Basilic and Cephalic veins drain blood into the axillary vein

Lymphatics of the Upper Limb

  • Lymphatic vessels drain lymph from the upper limb to the axillary lymph nodes.
  • Subclavian and axillary lymph nodes are involved.
  • Diaphragmatic lymph nodes are also mentioned.

Nerves of the Upper Limb

  • Brachial plexus is responsible for nerve supply to the upper limb
  • This network of nerves connects with spinal cord to provide both sensory and motor functions
  • Important nerves originating from the plexus include: radial, median, ulnar, and axillary nerves.

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Related Documents

Upper Limb Anatomy Notes PDF

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