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Questions and Answers
How many bones are present in the upper limb?
How many bones are present in the upper limb?
Which of the following is not a muscle located in the pectoral region?
Which of the following is not a muscle located in the pectoral region?
Which joint is responsible for moving the forearm?
Which joint is responsible for moving the forearm?
What is the primary function of the biceps brachii?
What is the primary function of the biceps brachii?
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How many phalanges does the thumb have?
How many phalanges does the thumb have?
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Which muscle is categorized under the superficial back muscles?
Which muscle is categorized under the superficial back muscles?
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Which of the following muscles is responsible for shoulder adduction?
Which of the following muscles is responsible for shoulder adduction?
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What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
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Which bone is considered the 'lateral' bone of the forearm?
Which bone is considered the 'lateral' bone of the forearm?
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How many carpal bones are there in the human wrist?
How many carpal bones are there in the human wrist?
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Study Notes
Upper Limb Anatomy
- The upper limb comprises 32 bones
- Key bones include: clavicle (shoulder), scapula (shoulder blade), humerus (arm), radius and ulna (forearm), carpals (wrist), metacarpals (hand), and phalanges (fingers).
- There are 14 phalanges in the hand which include 2 in the thumb and 3 in each finger.
- Fingers are counted from lateral to medial.
Joints of the Upper Limb
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Shoulder joint
- Superior (proximal) radioulnar joint
- Inferior (distal) radioulnar joint
- Elbow joint
- Wrist joint
- Carpometacarpal (mid-carpal) joint
- Metacarpophalangeal (MCP)
- Interphalangeal (IP) joint
- All joints allow movement.
Muscles of the Upper Limb
- Superficial and deep back regions behind the pectoral region
- Pectoralis Major, Pectoralis Minor, Subclavius, and Serratus Anterior
- Shoulder muscles: Deltoid, Teres Major, Teres Minor, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and Subscapularis
- Arm muscles (brachii): Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, and Coracobrachialis
- Posterior Arm muscles: Triceps brachii
Forearm Muscles
- Brachioradialis, Anconeus, Pronator Teres, Flexor Digitorum Profundus, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis. Also Lumbricals allow for positioning of the hand.
Arteries of the Upper Limb
- Subclavian artery branches to form the axillary artery, leading to the brachial artery, which further divides into the radial & ulnar arteries.
- Additional branches supply different areas
- Includes anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries
Veins of the Upper Limb
- Veins are responsible for blood drainage from the upper limb, with the subclavian vein as the main outflow vessel
- Basilic and Cephalic veins drain blood into the axillary vein
Lymphatics of the Upper Limb
- Lymphatic vessels drain lymph from the upper limb to the axillary lymph nodes.
- Subclavian and axillary lymph nodes are involved.
- Diaphragmatic lymph nodes are also mentioned.
Nerves of the Upper Limb
- Brachial plexus is responsible for nerve supply to the upper limb
- This network of nerves connects with spinal cord to provide both sensory and motor functions
- Important nerves originating from the plexus include: radial, median, ulnar, and axillary nerves.
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Description
Explore the intricate details of upper limb anatomy, including the bones, joints, and muscles involved. This quiz covers key structures such as the clavicle, humerus, and various joints, alongside the major muscles of the shoulder and arm. Test your knowledge on how these components work together for movement.
