Medicinal Plants PDF - Pharmacognosy PG 101

‫‪28/09/2024‬‬ ‫‪Medicinal plants‬‬ ‫النباتات الطبيه‬ ‫أ‪.‬م‪.‬د‪ /‬ايمان عبد الرحيم‬ ‫أستاذ مساعد بقسم العقاقير‪-‬كليه الصيدلة‪ -‬جامعه جنوب الوادى‬ ‫‪ Medicinal plants‬مقررالنباتات الطبيه‬ ‫‪Pharmacognosy‬قسم العقاقير‬...

‫‪28/09/2024‬‬ ‫‪Medicinal plants‬‬ ‫النباتات الطبيه‬ ‫أ‪.‬م‪.‬د‪ /‬ايمان عبد الرحيم‬ ‫أستاذ مساعد بقسم العقاقير‪-‬كليه الصيدلة‪ -‬جامعه جنوب الوادى‬ ‫‪ Medicinal plants‬مقررالنباتات الطبيه‬ ‫‪Pharmacognosy‬قسم العقاقير‬ ‫‪ PG 101‬كود المقرر‬ ‫ عدد الساعات اسبوعيا ‪ 2‬ساعه نظرى و‪ 2‬ساعه عﻣﻠﻰ = ‪ 3‬ساعات ﻣعتﻣده‬ ‫ اعﻣال السنه ‪15‬‬ ‫ عﻣﻠﻰ ‪25‬‬ ‫ تحريرى ‪50‬‬ ‫ شفوى ‪10‬‬ ‫ ﻣجﻣوع درجات الﻣاده ‪100‬‬ ‫ وقت اﻻﻣتحان ساعتين‬ ‫‪1‬‬  28/09/2024 Contents Pharmacognosy Cell contents Plant Anatomy Leaf 2  28/09/2024 Pharmacognosy Definition: Pharmacognosy is the science that mainly concerned with the study of the natural substances having medicinal values. Whether these substances are from plant, animal, and mineral organs. 3  28/09/2024 Botany is the branch of science which study plants and plant life of a particular area. 4  28/09/2024 Functions of Pharmacognogist 1. Identification of the source of the material forming a drug. 2. Determination the morphological characters of drug. 3. Identification the potency of the drug. 4. Planning methods of cultivation of the medicinal plants yielding these drugs. 5. Identification of the constituents of drugs and investigation of their chemical nature and reactions. Classification of drugs for study 1- Alphabetical; using either Latin or English names 2- Taxonomic; the drugs are arranged according to phyla, orders, families, genera, and species. 3- Morphological; as leaves, flowers, seeds, fruits, bark, roots, rhizomes. 4- Chemical; as volatile oils, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids. 5- Pharmacological action; as anti-cough, carminatives, antispasmodic. 5  28/09/2024 Official and non-official drugs Official drug is listed and described in a book by governments as the legal authority for standards (Pharmacopoeia). The first Egyptian pharmacopoeia appeared in English in 1953 and in Arabic in 1961 Plant Nomenclature {Natural origin}: Each plant is termed by 2 parts 1st part 2nd part Genius or Species or generic name Specific name It must mostly begins begins with with small capital letter letter followed By scientist name 6  28/09/2024  This system of nomenclature (binomial system of nomenclature ) is made by a Swedish scientist called Linnaeus Genus name + species name = binomial name. Hyoscyamus muticus Linn. Genus name Species name e.g.: Datura stramonium Linn Datura stramonium Linn Notes 1- Binomial name of any drug couldn't used by another plant. 2- Sometimes the genus name indicates some characters: a- Taste; Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycys from glucose = sweet, rhize = root, referring to sweet taste of the root. Also glabrous = smooth). b- Odour; Myristica fragrans (having fragrant odour). c- Colour; Digitalis purpurea (purpurea = purple). 7  28/09/2024 The plants may be : Indigenous plants Cultivated or introduced plants grow in thier native country to new other Locality N.B.: the cultivated or introduced plants May be: Intentional or by chance  When the plant grows naturally without taking care of it by man ; it is known as wild plant.  Plants cultivated by sowing seeds and looked after are said to be cultivated plants. 8