GP High Yield Sheet 2023 PDF

GP High Yield Sheet – Dr. Manar AlMansoor (RCSI Class of 2023) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • What is the treatment for moderate acne? Oral abx such as doxycycline, oral antiandrogens in females such as dianette. What is the treatment for severe acne? Oral retinoids such as Roaccutane. What...

GP High Yield Sheet – Dr. Manar AlMansoor (RCSI Class of 2023) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • What is the treatment for moderate acne? Oral abx such as doxycycline, oral antiandrogens in females such as dianette. What is the treatment for severe acne? Oral retinoids such as Roaccutane. What is the treatment of rosacea? Topical abx like metronidazole gel, oral abx like doxycycline, oral isotretinoin if resistant. TRIGGERS INCLUDE HEAT, SUNLIGHT, ALCOHOL Etiology and treatment of chicken pox? Caused by varicella zoster virus, managed symptomatically/supportively. How do we treat ringworm i.e., tinea corporis? Topical antifungal creams like clotrimazole and miconazole. Patient presents with hoarseness for 6 weeks, what do you do? Refer to ENT. Patient develops quinsy, what do you do? Refer for IV abx and I+D. Patients develops retropharyngeal abscess, what do you do? Refer for IV abx and I+D. Etiology of sore throat? 70% are viral in origin, rest are bacterial; mostly caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. What is the management of seizures? Buccal midazolam, rectal diazepam, IV lorazepam after 5 mins. May repeat dose if still seizing after 10-15 minutes of first dose of medication. Consider checking finger prick blood glucose if prolonged fit as hypoglycemia can precipitate seizures and is a REVERSIBLE CAUSE. What are examples of anti-hypertensives safe to use in pregnancy? Methyldopa, nifedipine, labetalol. REMEMBER ACE INHIBITORS AND ARBS ARE TERATOGENIC, CAN LEAD TO FETAL RENAL DAMAGE, PROLONGED HYPOTENSION, NEONATAL DEATH. What are the guidelines for TOC in chlamydia and gonorrhea infections? o Chlamydia: if pregnant or confirmed rectal infection then 3 weeks or more after treatment. <25yrs OR 25+ and at high risk of reinfection re-test 3-6 months after treatment. o Gonorrhea: persisting sx after treatment TOC with swabs for MCS >72 hours after completion of therapy. If asx following tx? 2 weeks after completion with NAAT. If positive, then culture/MCS. What are clinical features of trichomonas vaginalis infection? Discharge, dysuria, offensive odor, low abdominal discomfort, itchiness, ulceration. On examination will have frothy yellow discharge and strawberry cervix. REMEMBER THAT VAGINAL PH WILL BE GREATER THAN 4.5. How can we diagnose trichomonas vaginalis? Send HVS from posterior fornix for NAAT and MCS. How can we diagnose Neisseria gonorrhea? If patient is asymptomatic? First-catch urine sample for NAAT in men AND self-taken vulvovaginal swab for NAAT in women. If patient is symptomatic? Urethral/endocervical, rectal, pharyngeal swabs for NAAT and MCS as appropriate. What is the risk associated with female sterilization? Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy, GA risks, difficult to reverse, post-op complication. What are the advantages of progestogen-containing IUS? Decreased menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea, decreased risk for ectopic pregnancy, endometrial protection.