Oxygen Therapy PDF

Oxygen therapy PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND PATIENT CARE HMD 10502 OUT LINE  Definition of the oxygen therapy  Types of oxygen therapy  purposes of using the oxygen therapy  Administration of oxygen therapy  Complication of oxygen therapy  LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  Def...

Oxygen therapy PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE AND PATIENT CARE HMD 10502 OUT LINE  Definition of the oxygen therapy  Types of oxygen therapy  purposes of using the oxygen therapy  Administration of oxygen therapy  Complication of oxygen therapy  LEARNING OBJECTIVES:  Define the oxygen therapy  Discuss the type of c oxygen therapy  List the purpose of using the oxygen therapy  Explain the procedure  Demonstrate the procedure  List Complication of oxygen therapy OXYGEN THERAPY Definition:  Oxygen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is essential for the body to function properly and to survive.  WHAT IS MEANING OF O2 THERAPY Oxygen therapy is the administration of oxygen at a concentration of pressure greater than that found in the environmental atmosphere The air that we breathe contain approximately 21% oxygen the heart relies on oxygen to pump blood. PURPOSE Oxygen therapy is a key treatment in respiratory care. The purpose is to increase oxygen saturation in tissues where the saturation levels are too low due to illness or injury. OXYGEN THERAPY IS USED TO TREAT Example in case :-  Documented hypoxemia  Severe respiratory distress (acute asthma or pneumonia)  Severe trauma  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic asthma) OXYGEN THERAPY IS USED TO TREAT  Pulmonary hypertension  Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack)  Short-term therapy, such as post-anesthesia recovery  Oxygen may also be used to treat chronic lung disease patients during exercise. OXYGEN TANK  CAUTIONS FOR OXYGEN THERAPY  Oxygen toxicity – can occur with FIO2(fraction of inspired oxygen > 50% longer than 48 hrs  Danger of fire  Infection  CLASSIFICATION OF OXYGEN DELIVERY SYSTEMS  Low flow systems  contribute partially to inspired gas client breathes  Ex: nasal cannula, simple mask , non- re breather mask , Partial rebreather mask  High flow systems  deliver specific and constant percent of oxygen independent of client’s breathing  Ex: Venturi mask,, trach collar, T-piece METHODS OF OXYGEN ADMINISTRATION:  1- Nasal cannula NASAL CANNULA  It is a disposable. plastic devise with two protruding prongs for insertion into the nostrils, connected to an oxygen source. Used for low-medium concentrations of Oxygen (24- 44%).  Method Amount Priority Nursing Advantages Disadvantages Delivered F1o2 Interventions (Fraction Inspired Oxygen) Nasal Check  Client able may Cannula Low flow frequently to talk and cause % 24-44 that both eat with irritation to prongs are in oxygen inthe nasal L\ 1 clients nares place and min=24% pharyngeal L\ 2 Never Easily used mucosa min=28% deliver more in home L\ 3 if oxygen than 2-3 L\min setting min=32% to client with flow rates L\ 4 chronic lung are above 6 min=36% disease liters/minut e Variable L\ 5 FIO2 FACE MASK The simple Oxygen mask The partial rebreather mask: The non rebreather mask: The venturi mask:  THE SIMPLE OXYGEN MASK Simple mask is made of clear, flexible , plastic or rubber that can be molded to fit the face.  THE SIMPLE OXYGEN MASK It delivers 35% to 60% oxygen. A flow rate of 6 to 10 liters per minute. Often it is used when an increased delivery of oxygen is needed for short periods (i.e., less than 12 hours).  THE PARTIAL REBREATHER MASK: The mask is have with a reservoir bag must romaine inflated during both inspiration & expiration  It collection of the first parts of the patients' exhaled air. It is used to deliver oxygen concentrations up to 80%. THE PARTIAL REBREATHER MASK The oxygen flow rate must be maintained at a minimum of 6 L/min to ensure that the patient does not rebreathe large amounts of exhaled air. The remaining exhaled air exits through vents.  THE NON REBREATHER MASK  This mask provides the highest concentration of oxygen (95-100%) at a flow rate6-15 L/min. It is similar to the partial rebreather mask except two one-way valves prevent conservation of exhaled air. The bag is an oxygen reservoir VENTURI MASK  It is high flow concentration of oxygen. Oxygen from 40 - 50% At liters flow of 4 to 15 L/min. VENTURI DEVICE T-PIECE Used on end of ET tube when weaning from ventilator Provides accurate FIO2 Provides good humidity SIDE EFFECT & COMPLICATION OF OXYGEN THERAPY Oxygen toxicity Retrolental fibroplasia Absorption atelectasis  OXYGEN TOXICITY It is a condition in which ventilator failure occurs due to inspiration of a high concentration of oxygen for aprolonged period of time. Oxygen concentration greater than 50% over 24 to 48 hours can cause :Signs and symptoms of oxygen toxicity.Non-productive cough.Nausea and vomiting.Substernal chest pain.Fatigue.Nasal stuffiness.Headache.Sore throat.Hypoventilation.Nasal congestion..Dyspnea..Inspiration pain.  EVALUATION: Breathing pattern regular and at normal rate.  pink color in nail beds, lips, conjunctiva of eyes.  No confusion, disorientation, difficulty with cognition. Arterial oxygen concentration or hemoglobin  Oxygen saturation within normal  DOCUMENTATION: Date and time oxygen started. Method of delivery. Oxygen concentration and flow rate. Patient observation. Add oronasal care to the nursing care plan O2 DELIVERY DEVICES EQUIPMENT FLOW FIO2 SPECIAL NOTES NASAL CANNULA 1/2 - 6 L/M.24 – 44 6 L/M MAX. SIMPLE O2 MASK 6 - 10 L/M.35 – 55 USE 5 L/M (WITHOUT BAG) MINIMUM RESERVOIR MASK 10-15 L/M.60 -80 PAGE RT IF USED (MASK WITH BAG) (BAG TO NOT COLLAPSE) VENTI MASK 3 L/M.24, 26, 31, READ ENCLOSED 6 L/M.35,.40,.50 INSTRUCTIONS NEBULIZER 8 L/M OR >.28,.30,.35 MIST MUST BE.40,.50, 70 VISIBLE *** SHOWS THAT FIO2 VARIES WITH DIFFERENT F, VT, INSPIRATORY FLOW RATES.